• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.101-114
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• 2023

This study aimed to create globally acceptable Hanbok-inspired work uniforms, by developing practical designs and providing useful resources for incorporating Hanbok characteristics into office attire. First, to establish the elements that the Hanbok work uniform should have, the definition and characteristics of service clothes and preferences for the process of modernization of traditional Hanbok were reviewed through a review of the preceding studies. For the Hanbok work uniform design, a total of 4 pieces, 2 for each male and female, were planned, a schematic diagram was created, and the design was modified after evaluation by fashion design experts. I made a pattern of the modified design with a CAD program, imported it into CLO 3D to produce a virtual costume, and confirmed the final design draft. Work uniform design has symbolism, functionality, and aesthetics as its characteristics. The functionality of the Hanbok work uniform designed in this study is suitable for the season, and it was designed to increase the efficiency of work when worn for a long time. The design was focused on the development of materials and patterns in consideration of comfort and activity. The esthetic nature of hanbok-inspired work clothes was intended to reveal details that could highlight the silhouette of the human body and reflect the beauty of hanbok.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.47-57
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study aims to examine the differences between the existing traffic demand forecasting method and the traffic demand forecasting method considering future regional development plans and new road construction and expansion plans using a four-step traffic demand forecast for a more objective and sophisticated national highway maintenance. This study ultimately aims to present future pavement deterioration and budget forecasting planning based on the examination. METHODS : This study used the latest data offered by the Korea Transport Data Base (KTDB) as the basic data for demand forecast. The analysis scope was set using the Daejeon Metropolitan City's O/D and network data. This study used a traffic demand program called TransCad, and performed a traffic assignment by vehicle type through the application of a user equilibrium-based multi-class assignment technique. This study forecasted future traffic demand by verifying whether or not a realistic traffic pattern was expressed similarly by undertaking a calibration process. This study performed a life cycle cost analysis based on traffic using the forecasted future demand or existing past pattern, or by assuming the constant traffic demand. The maintenance criteria were decided according to equivalent single axle loads (ESAL). The maintenance period in the concerned section was calculated in this study. This study also computed the maintenance costs using a construction method by applying the maintenance criteria considering the ESAL. The road user costs were calculated by using the user cost calculation logic applied to the Korean Pavement Management System, which is the existing study outcome. RESULTS : This study ascertained that the increase and decrease of traffic occurred in the concerned section according to the future development plans. Furthermore, there were differences from demand forecasting that did not consider the development plans. Realistic and accurate demand forecasting supported an optimized decision making that efficiently assigns maintenance costs, and can be used as very important basic information for maintenance decision making. CONCLUSIONS : Therefore, decision making for a more efficient and sophisticated road management than the method assuming future traffic can be expected to be the same as the existing pattern or steady traffic demand. The reflection of a reliable forecasting of the future traffic demand to life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) can be a very vital factor because many studies are generally performed without considering the future traffic demand or with an analysis through setting a scenario upon LCCA within a pavement management system.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the shear bond strength by manufacturing the veneering porcelain on the IPS e.max $ZirCAD^{(R)}$ zirconia core, using the layering technique and heat-pressing technique, and to evaluate the clinical stability by comparing to the conventional metal ceramic system. Methods: The Schmitz-Schulmeyer test method was used to evaluate the core-veneer shear bond strength of zirconia core ceramic(IPS e.max $ZirCAD^{(R)}$) and their manufacture recommended two veneering ceramic systems(IPS e.max $ceram^{(R)}$, IPS e. max $ZirPress^{(R)}$). A metal ceramic system(Bellabond $plus^{(R)}$, VITA $VM13^{(R)}$) was used as a control group for the two all ceramic system test groups. The maximum loading and shear bond strength was measured. The average shear strength(MPa) was analyzed with the one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's test(${\alpha}$=.05). The fracture specimens were examined using Microscope to determine the failure pattern. Results: The mean shear bond strengths(SD) in MPa were MBSB control 43.62(2.13); ZBSB 18.65(1.76); ZPSB 18.89(1.54). The shear strengths of the zirconia cores were not significantly different(P>.05). Microscope examination showed that zirconia specimens presented mixed failure, and base metal alloy specimens showed adhesive failure. Conclusion: There was no siginificant different between the layering technique and the heat pressing technique in the veneering methods on the zirconia cores. None of the zirconia core and veneering ceramics could attain the high bond strength values of the metal ceramic combination.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.149-160
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• 2004

Background : To save out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases is a major concern for Korea. Cardiac arrest is a very common problem, with > 18,000 cases dying each year in Korea. Overall, survival to hospital discharge remains poor. Resuscitation has become an important multidisciplinary branch of medicine, demanding a spectrum of skills and attracting a plethora of specialities and organizations. Since the "Utstein Style" was advocated in 1991, many reports about out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have been published based on this guideline. These differences prevent valid inter-hospital and international comparisons. However, we do not know the true effectiveness of resuscitation. There are no guideline for reviewing, reporting, conducting research on resuscitation in Korea. This study evaluated the out-of-hospital factor associated with survival discharge of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, was especially to provide basic data for the unified reporting guideline of resuscitation in Korea. Methods : From January 1990 to July 2004, we collected data about out-of-hospital cardiac arrest at Wonju Christian Hospital(WCH-CAD), Ewha Women University Mokdong Hospital(Ewha-CAD), I used same record form based on the "Utstein Style". The "Utstein Style" is internationally recommended guidelines for reporting outcome data from resuscitation events. Results : Resuscitation was performed in 1443 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients at 2 hospitals. Five hundred eighty(40.25%) patients recovered the spontaneous circulation at least once and One hundred sixty eight(11.66%) patients discharged alive. Initial EKG showed Ventricular Tachycardia/Ventricular Fibrillation in One hundred thirty five(9.33%) patients, asystole in one thousand nine(69.73%) patients and other rhythms in one hundred thirty nine(20.94%) patients. Among one hundred two cardiogenic cardiac arrest patients, two(2.0%) patients was discharged alive. Conclusion : Overall survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients was 11.66% which was poorer than that of the western country. The proportion of the cardiogenic cause was 33.38% which was only half of the western country. VT/VF is relatively not common ac a initial EKG rhythm. These differences might be to due difference in the prevalence pattern of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest as well as prematurity of the EMSS. It is needed that the best survival can be achieved if all following links have been optimized : rapid access, early CPR, early defibrillation, early ACLS.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.133-134
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• 2009

Cold temperature development (CTD) of electron beam (EB) patterned resists and subsequent dry etching were investigated for fabrication of nano-patterned Niobium (Nb). Bulky Nb fims on GaAs substrates were deposited with EB evaporation. Line patterns on Nb cathode were fabricated by EB patterning and reactive ion etching (RIE). Size deviations of nano-sized line patterns from CAD designed patterns are dependent on the EB total exposure, but it can be improved by CTD of EB-exposed resist. Line patterns of 10 to 300 nm widths of EB-exposed resist patterns were drawn under various exposure conditions of $0.2{\mu}s$/dot (total 240,000 dot) with a constant current (50 pA). Compared with room temperature development (RTD), the CTD improves pattern resolution due to the suppression of backscattering effect. RIE with $CF_4$ was performed for formation of several nano-sized line patterns on Nb. Each EB-resist patterned samples with RTDs and CTDs were etched with two different $CF_4$ gas pressures of 5 Pa. Nb etching rate increases while GaAs (or ZEP) etching rate decreases as the chamber pressure increases. This different dependent of the etching rate on the $CF_4$ pressure between Nb and GaAs (or ZEP) has a significant meaning because selective etching of nano-sized Nb line patterns is possible without etching of the underlying active layer.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2007

Myocardial ischemia causes heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization and sometimes produces changes of the ST-T wave in ECG. Therefore, morphological changes of ST-T waveform in ECG have a clinical significance in diagnosing myocardial ischemia. In this study, we investigated the ST-T changes caused by myocardial ischemia in magnetocardiography (MCG). We analyzed MCG patterns of biphasic T, ST segment deviations from baseline, main current angle of $T_{peak}$ and $T_{peak}$ dispersion in 300 CAD patients without ST elevation in ECG, 122 symptomatic patients and 48 normal subjects. MCGs were recorded by multichannel SQUID system in a magnetically shielded room. As results, we found that appearances of the abnormality were strongly correlated with the severity of myocardial ischemia. Also we found that the percentage of the patients showing MCG changes were higher than those in ECG. These results show that morphological changes of ST-T waveform in MCG can be used as a marker of myocardial ischemia.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1582-1589
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• 1996

Rapid prototyping is a new prototyping technology which produces three dimensional part models directrly from CAD data and has been extensively applied to various manufacturing processes. There are many types of rapid prototyping systems due to their building principles and materials. In this work, Stereolithography Appaaratus(SLA) which is the most widely-used rapid prototyping system is introduced to achieve die/mold technology innovation. For the purpose, the prototyping technology using SLA is developed such that patterns of which shapes are quite complicated are successfully produced with high accuracy. Using these patterns, prototype die/molds are efficientrly manufactured; a turbocharger rotor, a fan and a wheel patterns, prototype die/molds are efficienterly manufactured ; a turbochager rotor, a fan and a wheel pattern are made, and the molds of the investment casting, the injection molding and the die casting are manufactured respectively. The casting products are produced using these molds and it turns out that these methods are quitre effective for manufacturing products of complicated geometry from the viewpoint of efficiency and productivity.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.665-680
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop the construction process of orthopedic compression garments (OCG) for balancing of the left and right lumbar muscle power and strength to prevent low back pain. One male subject having low back pain was involved for investigating of the lumbar muscle power. EMG (Telemyo DTS2, Noraxon, U.S.A) was measured with/ without 3 types of waist assistant belt around the waist area of the subject. Based on the electromyogram value of left and right body, OCG were constructed as follows. Firstly, stretchable t-shirts type with supportive waist belt was selected for the convenience of wearing and laundering the OCG. The design lines of the front and back waist parts were created depending on the anatomy of the torso. Secondly, 3D pattern was developed using 3D Clo, RapidForm XOR, 2C-AN, and Yuka CAD program to increase the fit of the OCG. Finally, stretchable power-net was layered as linings in two ways, a single lining and double layered linings, and evaluated measuring lumbar muscle EMG by five subjects with low back pain. As the results, they were effective to balance the left and right lumbar muscle power and strength. Also the OCG with the double layered power-net lining was superior to the one layered lining in terms of fit and comfort.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.124-133
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• 2016

Currently the fashion industry is developing to create a novel culture due to the very sensitive and knowledge-oriented advancement of the IT industry. With fast turnover of information, consumers have come to have a more diverse desire for purchasing. Cubical expression techniques, which empathizes formativeness, can be a creative expression method adjusting into the trend of this era. Along with functional aspects of consumers, even in a textile manufacturing sector, new materials are required to meet sensitive and emotional aspects. Consumers' desire for new and creative designs and the development and adoption of new materials are essential to meet their emotions. The IT industry and fashion industry are forced to combine and a 3D apparel CAD system has been developed, enabling virtual clothing to be represented within a computer virtual space. All processes such as design, pattern creation, sewing and simulation are possible in 3D level. Digital clothing can shorten the production process time and is very effective in that it can reduce clothing waste generated during the sample production. This paper reviewed the works of Dutch designer, Iris van Herpen, who has developed formative designs. She tries to build, construct, and sculpt employing diversified materials other than soft textile materials, as shown in her series of fashion shows. The materials include films, 3D printed polymers, stiff and sheer organza, and artificial leather textiles. A few characteristics of her works have been selected in order to prepare patterns exhibiting the traits. The paper further focused on the physical features of the textile materials used to express similar techniques and its various forms were reviewed.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal and internal fit of lithium disilicate ceramic inlay produced by heat pressing that inlay pattern made by subtractive manufacturing and additive manufacturing method. Methods: A mandibular lower first molar that mesial occlusal cavity (MO cavity) die was prepared. After fabricating an epoxy resin model using a silicone impression material, epoxy resin die was scanned with a dental model scanner to design an MO cavity inlay. The designed STL pile was used to fabricate wax patterns and resin patterns, and then lithium disilicate ceramic inlays were fabricated using hot-press method. For the measurement of the marginal and internal gap of the lithium disilicate, silicone replica method was applied, and gap was measured through an optical microscope (x 80). Data were tested for significant differences using the Mann-Whitney Utest. Results: The marginal fit was 103.56±9.92㎛ in the MIL-IN group and 81.57±9.33㎛ in the SLA-IN group, with a significant difference found between the two groups (p<0.05). The internal fit was 120.99±17.52㎛ in the MIL-IN group and 99.18±6.65㎛ in the SLA-IN group, with a significant difference found between the two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is clinically more appropriate to apply the additive manufacturing than subtractive manufacturing method in producing lithium disilicate inlay using CAD/CAM system.