• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.613-618
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• 2023

In this paper, a monitoring program that can automatically determine whether a patient admitted to an isolation room acts out of a stable state through a screen photographed in real time is described. The motion recognition model of this program was built by learning through transfer learning. 900 images were used for the three movements, and this program was developed for the web to support all environments. The model was determined with high accuracy to determine the state of the subject hospitalized in the isolation room, and can be applied by applying it to the existing isolation room monitoring system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3832-3840
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• 2014

The rapidly aging population is also increasing the number of dementia patients rapidly. Studies have revealed the early signs of slowing progress. Therefore, dementia patient safety, continuous care, daily living, and health care are becoming more important. In this paper, a smart home care system using smart phones and Bluetooth communication technology was used to monitor the state of dementia patients of based on the results of grading dementia, health care of the dementia patients at home and provide for the safety of the system using motion sensors and gas leak sensors to respond to various emergency situations, such as fire, gas leak protection, and loitering. Using this system, the patient can stay longer in their home due to the nature of Korean culture before admission, while reducing the family's economical, physical and psychological burden and allowing the consultation of specialists through the system by building a database of individuals and providing professional service and specialty care referral agencies through the link.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.36-49
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• 2015

In Intensive Care Units (ICUs), where severely ill patients are treated, importance of reducing Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) cannot be overstated. One of the simplest and most effective actions against HAI is proper hand hygiene (HH) behavior of Health Care Workers (HCWs). However, compliance varies across different cultures and different job types of HCWs (physicians, residents and nurses). This study aims to understand determinants of HH behavior by HCWs' job types in Korea. Qualitative analysis was performed based on Reasoned Action Approach style interviews with staff physicians, residents and nurses across 7 teaching hospitals. We found that all HCWs strongly believe HH is important in reducing HAI. There were, however, job type-specific HH behavior modifying factors; staff physicians stated feeling pressure to be HH behavior role model. Residents identified Quality Improvement team that measured compliance as a facilitator; a notable barrier for residents was senior physicians not washing their hands, because they were afraid of appearing impudent to their seniors. Nurses designated their chief nurse as a key referent. All participants mentioned heavy workload and lack of access to alcohol-based sanitizer as situational barriers, and sore and dry hand as deterrents to HH compliance.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-164
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• 2010

In this paper, we reviewed the community-based approaches to suicide prevention and national strategies for the decrement of suicide rate, and made some suggestions to decrease the suicide rate in South Korea. Until now, efforts to understand and prevent suicide have been pursued singularly by specialized interest groups such as psychiatrists, psychologists, mental health practitioners, and private organizations with little interaction between them, resulting in narrow approaches toward suicide that existed in relative isolation to one another and that have been largely ineffective. To decline the suicide rate in South Korea, the people lived in Korea community ought to have enough knowledge related to suicide and have to cooperate with other people. Through these efforts, Korea community would have established social safety networks to improve the community 's mental health. The most important factor in suicide prevention and declining the suicide rate is reducing the stigma and increase the self-help seeking behaviors associated with suicide and mental health. Therefore, suicide is not an individual problem solved by suicidal patient, but a community's problem solved by community in recognizing, managing and preventing suicide.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.441-452
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• 2020

In vivo animal models are limited in their ability to mimic the extremely complex systems of the human body, and there is increasing disquiet about the ethics of animal research. Many authorities in different geographical areas are considering implementing a ban on animal testing, including testing for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, there is a need for research into systems that can replicate the responses of laboratory animals and simulate environments similar to the human body in a laboratory. An in vitro two-dimensional cell culture model is widely used, because such a system is relatively inexpensive, easy to implement, and can gather considerable amounts of reference data. However, these models lack a real physiological extracellular environment. Recent advances in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and microfabrication techniques have facilitated the development of various 3D cell culture models. These include multicellular spheroids, organoids, and organs-on-chips, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. Organoids are organ-specific cell clusters created by aggregating cells derived from pluripotent, adult, and cancer stem cells. Patient-derived organoids can be used as models of human disease in a culture dish. Biomimetic organ chips are models that replicate the physiological and mechanical functions of human organs. Many organoids and organ-on-a-chips have been developed for drug screening and testing, so competition for patents between countries is also intensifying. We analyzed the scientific and technological trends underlying these cutting-edge models, which are developed for use as non-animal models for testing safety and efficacy at the nonclinical stages of drug development.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.661-667
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• 2014

Background Tissue expansion is an effective and valuable technique for the reconstruction of large skin lesions and scars. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability and safety of a newly designed skin expanding bioreactor system for maximizing the graft area and minimizing the donor site area. Methods A computer-controlled biaxial skin bioreactor system was used to expand skin in two directions while the culture media was changed daily. The aim was to achieve an expansion speed that enabled the skin to reach twice its original area in two weeks or less. Skin expansion and subsequent grafting were performed for 10 patients, and each patient was followed for 6 months postoperatively for clinical evaluation. Scar evaluation was performed through visual assessment and by using photos. Results The average skin expansion rate was $10.54%{\pm}6.25%$; take rate, $88.89%{\pm}11.39%$; and contraction rate, $4.2%{\pm}2.28%$ after 6 months. Evaluation of the donor and recipient sites by medical specialists resulted in an average score of 3.5 (out of a potential maximum of 5) at 3 months, and 3.9 at 6 months. The average score for patient satisfaction of the donor site was 6.2 (out of a potential maximum of 10), and an average score of 5.2 was noted for the recipient site. Histological examination performed before and after the skin expansion revealed an increase in porosity of the dermal layer. Conclusions This study confirmed the safety and applicability of the in vitro skin bioreactor, and further studies are needed to develop methods for increasing the skin expansion rate.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.503-506
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• 2011

Objective : The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of radiation-sterilized allografts of iliac bone and fascia lata from cadaver specimens to repair skull base defects after transsphenoidal surgery. Methods : Between May 2009 and January 2010, 31 consecutive patients underwent endonasal transsphenoidal surgery and all patients received sellar reconstruction using allografts following tumor removal. The allografts were obtained from the local tissue bank and harvested from cadaver donors. The specimens used in our approach were tensor fascia lata and the flat area of iliac bone. For preparation, allografts were treated with gamma irradiation after routine screening by culture, and then stored at $-70^{\circ}C$. Results : The mean follow-up period after surgery was 12.6 months (range, 7.4-16 months). Overall, postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks occurred in three patients (9.7%) and postoperative meningitis in one patient (3.2%). There was no definitive evidence of wound infection at the routine postoperative follow-up examination or during re-do surgery in three patients. Postoperative meningitis in one patient was improved with the use of antibiotics and prolonged CSF diversion. Conclusion : We suggest that allograft materials can be a feasible alternative to autologous tissue grafts for sellar reconstruction following transsphenoidal surgery under selected circumstances such as no or little intraoperative CSF leaks.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2329-2336
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• 2016

Background: Despite the existence of established guidelines advocating the use and value of chemotherapy order templates, chemotherapy orders are still handwritten in many hospitals in Lebanon. This manuscript describes the implementation of standardized chemotherapy order templates (COT) in a Lebanese tertiary teaching hospital through multiple steps. Initial Assessment: An initial assessment was conducted through a retrospective appraisal of completeness of handwritten chemotherapy orders for 100 adult patients to serve as a baseline for the project and identify parameters that might afford improvement. Choice of solution: Development of over 300 standardized pre-printed COTs based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network templates and adapted to the practice culture and patient population. Implementation: The COTs were implemented, using Kotter's 8-step model for leading change, by engaging health care providers, and identifying and removing barriers. Evaluation: Assessment of physicians' compliance with the new practice (122 orders assessed) was completed through two phases and allowed for the identification of areas of improvement. Lessons Learned: Overall, COT implementation showed an average improvement in order completion from 49.5% (handwritten orders) to 77.6% (phase 1-COT) to 87.6% (phase 2-COT) reflecting an increase of 38.1% between baseline and phase 2 and demonstrating that chemotherapy orders completeness was improved by pre-printed COT. As many of the hospitals in Lebanon are moving towards standardized COTs and computerized physician order entry (CPOE) in the next few years, this study provides a prototype for the successful implementation of COT and demonstrates their role in promoting quality improvement of cancer care.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 2021

The field size of the lumbar spine X-ray examination, which belongs to the most frequent examination in general radiography, is 5 times wider than the width of the lumbar spine. Exposure index (EI) as per International Electrotechnical Commission has a proportional relationship with the dose incident on the image receptor for clinical protocols in addition to RQA5, which is a calibration beam quality. In this study, the effectiveness of the set field size was evaluated through the change of EI according to the size of field during lumbar spine X-ray examinations. Lumbar anterior-posterior and lateral examinations was performed using a whole-body phantom, and the national average exposure conditions of Korea investigated in 2017 were introduced for the X-ray exposure. As a result of comparing the EI displayed on the console of digital radiography system for the three field size in ① 18 × 36 cm2 ② 25 × 36 cm2 ③ 36 × 36 cm2, the EI values showed a tendency to increase as the field size increased. Since the patient dose, such as organ dose around the lumbar spine, increases as the field size becomes larger, thus, if the EI obtained from the field size at a level that does not interfere with diagnosis is set as a reference, the effectiveness of the field size can be evaluated through the EI displayed on the console when the lumbar spine X-ray examination is conducted.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.160-171
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• 2017

Purpose: This review aimed to integrate the results of studies related to presenteeism in clinical nurses and to suggest directions for future research. Methods: The search for relevant studies was conducted using six data bases according to predetermined index terms, "$nurs^*$" and "presenteeism." Thirteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed. Results: This review found that the conceptual use and scope of presenteeism were not consistent among the studies. Most studies investigated the nurses' health-related variables as the most important factors and reported their positive association with presenteeism. Presenteeism was also found to be associated with job stress, job satisfaction, social support, and organizational culture and had a negative impact on nursing outcomes such as patient safety. Conclusion: The research on presenteeism can be used as a way to explain outcomes in the field of nursing where direct measurement of productivity is difficult. Presenteeism is a multidimensional problem, and a theoretical foundation is needed to explain the presenteeism of clinical nurses.