• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.318-324
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• 2006

The mobile manipulator is expected to work in partially defined or unstructured environments. In our global/local approach to path planning, joint trajectories are generated for a desired Cartesian space path, designed by the global path planner. For a local path planner, inverse kinematics for a redundant system is used. Joint displacement limit for the manipulator links is considered in the motion planner. In an event of failure to obtain feasible trajectories, the task cannot be accomplished. At the point of failure, a deviation in the Cartesian space path is obtained and a replanner gives a new path that would achieve the goal position. To calculate the deviation, a nonlinear optimization problem is formulated and solved by standard Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) method.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2019

Path planning is an important problem to solve in robotics and there has been many related studies so far. In the previous research, we proposed the Heterogeneous-Ants-Based Path Planner (HAB-PP) for the global path planning of mobile robots. The conventional path planners using grid map had discrete state transitions that constrain the only movement of an agent to multiples of 45 degrees. The HAB-PP provided the smoother path using the heterogeneous ants unlike the conventional path planners based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. The planner, however, has the problem that the optimization of the path once found is fast but it takes a lot of time to find the first path to the goal point. Also, the HAB-PP often falls into a local optimum solution. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an improved ant-inspired path planner using the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree-star ($RRT^*$). The key ideas are to use $RRT^*$ as the characteristic of another heterogeneous ant and to share the information for the found path through the pheromone field. The comparative simulations with several scenarios verify the performance of the improved HAB-PP.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 G
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• pp.2342-2344
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• 1998

In this paper, the path planner is presented for a robot to achieve an efficient path forward the given goal position in two dimensional environment which is involved with partially unknown obstacles. The path planner consists of three major components: off-line path planning, on-line path planning, and modification of planned path. Off-line path planning is based on known environment and creates the shortest path. On-line path planning is for finding unknown obstacles. The modification can be accomplished, by genetic algorithm, to be smooth path for preventing slippage and excessive centrifugal force.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2010

This paper presents a hierarchical fuzzy motion planner for humanoid robots in 3D uneven environments. First, we define both motion primitives and locomotion primitives of humanoid robots. A high-level planner finds a global path from a global navigation map that is generated based on a combination of 2.5 dimensional maps of the workspace. We use a passage map, an obstacle map and a gradient map of obstacles to distinguish obstacles. A mid-level planner creates subgoals that help the robot efficiently cope with various obstacles using only a small set of locomotion primitives that are useful for stable navigation of the robot. We use a local obstacle map to find the subgoals along the global path. A low-level planner searches for an optimal sequence of locomotion primitives between subgoals by using fuzzy motion planning. We verify our approach on a virtual humanoid robot in a simulated environment. Simulation results show a reduction in planning time and the feasibility of the proposed method.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2012

This paper presents a multi-robot path planner for environment exploration and monitoring. Robotics systems are being widely used as data measurement tools, especially in dangerous environment. For large scale environment monitoring, multiple robots are required in order to save time. The path planner should not only consider the collision avoidance but efficient coordination of robots for optimal measurements. Nonlinear spring force based planning algorithm is integrated with the spatial gradient following path planner. Perturbation/Correlation based estimation of spatial gradient is applied. An algorithm of tuning the stiffness for robot coordination is presented. The performance of the proposed algorithm is discussed with simulation results.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 학술발표 논문집 제17권 제1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2007

This paper presents a fuzzy footstep planner for humanoid robots in complex environments. First, we define locomotion primitives for humanoid robots. A global planner finds a global path from a navigation map that is generated based on a combination of 2.5 dimensional maps of the 3D workspace. A local planner searches for an optimal sequence of locomotion primitives along the global path by using fuzzy footstep planning. We verify our approach on a virtual humanoid robot in a simulated environment. Simulation results show a reduction in planning time and the feasibility of the proposed method.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

자율적인 다개체 모바일 로봇 시스템에 관해 경로 계획과 충돌회피는 중요한 기능이며 동시에 협력과 협동적으로 주어진 일을 수행하는데 필요한 기능이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 중요하고도 도전적인 문제를 다룬다. 제안된 방법은 포텐셜 필드 방법과 퍼지로직 시스템에 기반을 두고 있다. 첫째로, 전역경로 계획은 포텐셜 필드를 이용하여 로봇이 목적지까지 가는데 비용을 최소화할 수 있는 경로를 선택한다. 그러고 나서 지역경로 계획은 퍼지로직 시스템을 이용하여 정적이거나 동적인 장애물과의 충돌을 피하기 위해 전역경로에서 경로를 변경시킨다. 본 논문에서는 각각의 로봇은 독립적으로 목적지를 선택하며 동시에 다른 로봇은 동적인 장애물로 고려한다. 또한 장애물의 움직임을 예측할 필요도 없다. 이러한 과정은 각각의 로봇이 해당되는 목적지를 찾을 때 까지 지속된다. 이 방법을 테스트하기 위해 자율 다개체 로봇 시뮬레이터(AMMRS)를 개발했으며 시뮬레이션과 실험기반의 결과물을 제공한다. 본 결과는 다개체 모바일 로봇 시스템에 대하여 경로계획과 충돌회피 전략이 효율적이며 유용하다는 것을 보인다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2007

This paper presents a motion planning strategy for legged robots using locomotion primitives in the complex 3D environments. First, we define configuration, motion primitives and locomotion primitives for legged robots. A hierarchical motion planning method based on a combination of 2.5 dimensional maps of the 3D workspace is proposed. A global navigation map is obtained using 2.5 dimensional maps such as an obstacle height map, a passage map, and a gradient map of obstacles to distinguish obstacles. A high-level path planner finds a global path from a 2D navigation map. A mid-level planner creates sub-goals that help the legged robot efficiently cope with various obstacles using only a small set of locomotion primitives that are useful for stable navigation of the robot. A local obstacle map that describes the edge or border of the obstacles is used to find the sub-goals along the global path. A low-level planner searches for a feasible sequence of locomotion primitives between sub-goals. We use heuristic algorithm in local motion planner. The proposed planning method is verified by both locomotion and soccer experiments on a small biped robot in a cluttered environment. Experiment results show an improvement in motion stability.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.580-593
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• 2021

When operating in confined spaces or near obstacles, collision-free path planning is an essential requirement for autonomous exploration in unknown environments. This study presents an autonomous exploration technique using a carefully designed collision-free local planner. Using LiDAR range measurements, a local end-point selection method is designed, and the path is generated from the current position to the selected end-point. The generated path showed the consistent collision-free path in real-time by adopting the Euclidean signed distance field-based grid-search method. The results consistently demonstrated the safety and reliability of the proposed path-planning method. Real-world experiments are conducted in three different mines, demonstrating successful autonomous exploration flights in environment with various structural conditions. The results showed the high capability of the proposed flight autonomy framework for lightweight aerial robot systems. In addition, our drone performed an autonomous mission in the tunnel circuit competition (Phase 1) of the DARPA Subterranean Challenge.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.664-668
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• 2012

Hierarchical IPP (Integrated Path Planning) combining the GPP (Global Path Planner) and the LPP (Local Path Planner) is interesting the researches who study about the mobile vehicle in recent years. However, in this study, there is the path mismatch problem caused by the difference in the map information available to both path planners. If ever a part of the path that was found by the GPP is available to mobile vehicle, the part may be unavailable when the mobile vehicle generates the local path with its built-in sensors while the vehicle moves. This paper proposed the TWR (Temporal Waypoint Reviser) to solve the path mismatch problem of the hierarchical IPP. The results of simulation provide the performance of the IPP with the TWR by comparing with other path planners.