• 대한불안의학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.57-75
• /
• 2020

Particular matter is steadily increasing due to environmental factors at domestic and abroad such as industry and economy. Recently, the exposure particular matters has been reported to increase the risk not only for morbidity and mortality, but also for diseases of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and central nervous system/neuropsychiatric disorder. Although the causes of neuropsychiatric diseases are genetic and environmental factors, it is necessary to pay more attention to environmental factors in terms of prevention. We mainly describe environmental factors that affect neuropsychiatric disorders, mainly on particular matter, which is one of harmful environmental substances. In the current study, we reviewed evidence for the presence of particular matter or particular matter related harmful air pollutants-O₃, SO₂, NO₂/NOx, traffic related air pollution, that may represent risk factors for the development of neuropsychiatric disorder.

• 한국조사연구학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국조사연구학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.105-124
• /
• 2003

특정 사안에 대한 신문의 논조와 독자의 태도는 어떠한 관계인가\ulcorner 즉, 특정 사안에 대한 신문의 논조가 그 사안을 바라보는 독자의 태도에 영향을 미치는가\ulcorner 아니면, 그와 반대로 특정사안에 대한 독자의 태도가 그 사안에 대한 신문의 논조에 영향을 미치는가\ulcorner 또는 이들 양자간의 영향을 미치는가\ulcorner 이 질문은 매우 흥미로운 연구주제라 할 수 있다. 인터넷 여론조사는 한국 신문에서 1990년대 중반부터 시작되었고, 신문 독자들(특히, 네티즌이라고 불러지는)에게 보편화되었기 때문에, 특별한 사안에 대한 독자의 태도를 파악하는 것이 가능하게 되었다. 그리고 특별한 사안에 대한 신문의 논조는 사설에 잘 반영돼 있다는 것을 우리는 잘 알고 있다. 특정 사안에 대한 인터넷 여론조사를 통해 신문의 논조와 독자의 태도간에 관계를 비교ㆍ분석함으로써 그들 사이에 상관관계가 있는지 없는지를 알아본다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.50-61
• /
• 2020

Background: This study aims to analyze the effects of air pollutants, such as particular matter, to the number of outpatient visits for allergic rhinitis in eup, myeon, and dong administrative boundaries. Methods: Dependent variable was the number of outpatient visits for allergic rhinitis per 10,000 people by region. Independent variables were air pollutants such as PM₁₀, PM_2.5, SO₂, O₃, CO₂, NO₂, and temperature that estimated by using Kriging analysis in all eup, myeon, and dong boundaries. Panel analysis was applied for the analysis to prove the relation between outpatient visits and the concentration of air pollutants. Results: Analysis results showed that particular matter concentration varied by regions and season. Panel analysis showed that outpatient visits for allergic rhinitis had positive relationships with PM₁₀, PM_2.5, SO₂, O₃, and CO₂ in all panel models. Conclusion: Regional variation of particular matter concentration should be considered in establishing regional policies for allergic rhinitis.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 1997

When navigating at sea, informations like other ship's particular are very important to navigator who should make a safe maneuvering. Most of all is obtained through the optical observation and/or the radiotelephone communication, but it is not easy to perceive them when the visibility is restricted or there is some hardness in communication. In this study, we suggest the algorithm that measures the ship's length and speed on the radar screen and estimates the ship's particular such as gross tonnage, breath and type on the base of above two factors.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.127-135
• /
• 1997

Patch recovery attempts to derive a more accurate stress filed over a particular element than the finite element shape function used for that particular element. Elements that have a free edge being the boundary to the structure have particular stress relationship that can be incorporated to the stress field to improve the accuracy of the approximation.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2009년도 정기 학술대회
• /
• pp.534-535
• /
• 2009

This paper deals with BEM analysis of transient elastodynamic problems using domain decomposition method and particular integrals. The particular method is used to approximate the acceleration term in the governing equation. The domain decomposition method is examined to consider multi-region problems. The domain of the original problem is subdivided into sub-regions, which are modeled by the particular integral BEM. The iterative coupling employing Schwarz algorithm is used for the successive update of the interface boundary conditions until convergence is achieved. The numerical results, compared with those by ABAQUS, demonstrate the validity of the present formulation.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제19권
• /
• pp.295-311
• /
• 2010

The concept of frame in semantics has implications for our understanding of such problematic terms as "meaning" and "concept". It is conventional to say that a particular word corresponds to a particular "concept" and to assume that concepts are essentially identical across speakers. In contrast, the notion of frame accepts that the frame for a particular word can vary across speakers as a function of their particular life experience. To say, instead of thinking in terms of words as expressing "concepts", we should think of them as tools, like frames, that cause listeners to activate certain areas of their knowledge base, with different areas activated to different degrees in different contexts of use. This notion is Fillmore's most crucial contribution to current cognitive linguistic theories, and his frame semantics is built on such a notion. This paper discusses the basic assumptions and goals of frame semantics, and examines the notion of frame and illustrates various framing words of English and Korean under such a notion.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 1994

The OLS-estimator of the distribance variance in the linear regression model is shown to be asymptotically unbiased when the disturbances are MA(1)-process or particular s-th autocorrelated AR(s)-process.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2010

In the unified field theory(UFT), many works on the solutions of Einstein's equation have been published. The main goal in the present paper is to obtain some geometric results on a particular solution of Einstein's equation under some condition in even-dimensional UFT $X_n$.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.5-9
• /
• 2008

Researchers have investigated many upper bound techniques applicable to error probabilities on the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding performance of turbo-like codes and low density parity check (LDPC) codes in recent years for a long codeword block size. This is because it is trivial for a short codeword block size. Previous research efforts, such as the simple bound technique [20] recently proposed, developed upper bounds for LDPC codes and turbo-like codes using ensemble codes or the uniformly interleaved assumption. This assumption bounds the performance averaged over all ensemble codes or all interleavers. Another previous research effort [21] obtained the upper bound of turbo-like code with a particular interleaver using a truncated union bound which requires information of the minimum Hamming distance and the number of codewords with the minimum Hamming distance. However, it gives the reliable bound only in the region of the error floor where the minimum Hamming distance is dominant, i.e., in the region of high signal-to-noise ratios. Therefore, currently an upper bound on ML decoding performance for turbo-like code with a particular interleaver and LDPC code with a particular parity check matrix cannot be calculated because of heavy complexity so that only average bounds for ensemble codes can be obtained using a uniform interleaver assumption. In this paper, we propose a new bound technique on ML decoding performance for turbo-like code with a particular interleaver and LDPC code with a particular parity check matrix using ML estimated weight distributions and we also show that the practical iterative decoding performance is approximately suboptimal in ML sense because the simulation performance of iterative decoding is worse than the proposed upper bound and no wonder, even worse than ML decoding performance. In order to show this point, we compare the simulation results with the proposed upper bound and previous bounds. The proposed bound technique is based on the simple bound with an approximate weight distribution including several exact smallest distance terms, not with the ensemble distribution or the uniform interleaver assumption. This technique also shows a tighter upper bound than any other previous bound techniques for turbo-like code with a particular interleaver and LDPC code with a particular parity check matrix.