• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 2006

Governance systems are basically an autonomous cooperation type among the government, civil society and market, also a new paradigm for efficient and democratic administration of policies. The governance mainly consists of the central operating body, institutions, operating principles and so on. The constituents are the nation(government), civil society(NGO) and market(firm). Institutional conditions are a legitimate base, financial stability and independency. And as a operating principle, governance systems have common goals and issues from a national and social point of view. This governance has been recently emerged due to financial risk of government, diffusion of new liberalism going with the globalization, localization-decentralization, and development of civil society and information-oriented society. We have to grope fur the framework of participatory agri- policy confronting globalization and localization as well as developing our agriculture and rural village. This agri-policy governance should be theoretically focused on policy network or self-organizing network or multi-lateral governance (MLG) based on NPM. Also, it is proper to have connection of nation-central type and civil society-central type. And it is necessary to have a MLG type with local governance corresponding to localization and decentralization. Governance should have the type whose participants have authority and responsibility as well. Basic directions of environmentally friendly agri-policy governance are as follows : first, its purposes are constructing the democratic and efficient framework of participatory environmentally friendly agri-policy based on consensus of all the related groups, embodying environmentally friendly agri-policy adjusted to local field, raising farmer's real interest, and improving their position. Second, its form should have a council or an agreement system, not an advisory or a consultation organ. Thus, public sector(eg. government) and voluntary sector(eg. farmers' organization) jointly execute agricultural policy and are responsible together. Environmentally friendly agri-policy governance is mainly made up of farmers' organization, cooperative and civil society(NGO). And secondary bodies are agribusinesses and academic groups. Government interacts with the main bodies on administrative execution. And environmentally friendly agri-policy governance has MLG type with a central unit, province and county units. Environmentally friendly agri-policy governance has several main functions such as agri-policy partnership, speaking for farmer's rights and interests, investigation and research on domestic and foreign agricultural streams, and etc. Especially, local unit will play roles in activation for regional agriculture, consulting on technique and management, education and training services, services entrusted by government, and so on.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.157-164
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• 1996

The public sector extension services in which governments of less developed countries (LDCs) have invested large sums often at the behest of donors are achieving uneven impact, often at unsustainable high costs. Further, the fundamental premise of public sector extension - that low-income farmers are unlikely to obtain technical information unless it is provided by government - increasingly requires re-examination. This paper reviews the pressures facing conventional agricultural extension, examines the prospects of recent approaches that are participatory, institutionally pluralistic and geared towards cost-sharing, and suggests ways forward for governments.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2017

Recently, Looking at the watershed management policy in Korea, It is preparing to manage sub-watershed and tributary from the government-led mainstream management, such as the selection of algae focused management tributary, application of tributary-TMDLs. At this point, this study is attempted to propose the residents participatory watershed management methods that is possible daily, voluntary and customized management in the sub-watershed. As a results, through this study, we found out the importance of sub-watershed unit based watershed management because of the pollutants in blind spot. It is the prerequisite for watershed management to arrange practicable bottom-up approach that these investigated contents can be reflected in the various planning.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.2 s.68
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• pp.71-95
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• 2005

As one of the most popular outdoor leisure activities in the world, recreational fishing has a lof of significant meaning in terms of social, economic, and cultural views. However, both not considering an indiscreet fishing activity and environment and not thinking our next generation, fishing circumstance has been deteriorating more and more. Unlike Korea, most advanced countries enact various recreational fishing management and support policies in order to keep sustainable recreational fishing and develop eco-tourism through cooperation with government, fishing industries and civil organizations. This paper consist of the following contents. First, the study attempted to investigate how to operate management system of the recreational fishing dividing into in - land fishing and sea fishing respectively. And it exhibits issues and troubles of the realities of recreational fishing management and related fishing laws and ordinances in Korea. And then, it examines various fishing management schemes in representative advanced nations; U.S., Germany, and Japan. Also, it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of respective recreational fishing management systems; market - based license system, qualification - based management system, and self- regulatory based management system. In addition, after these three systems are adopted to Korea's recreational fishing condition, we analyzes whether respective management systems fit or not. As a result of this, the optimal management for recreational fishing is the participatory self - management scheme in Korea. Finally, in order to support recreational fishing promotion and encouragement, issues and complementary policies with respect to recreational fishing are introduced.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.256-268
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to explore ecological factors and strategies for childhood obesity prevention targeting vulnerable children using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) methodology. Methods: The CBPR was conducted by following basic process steps. Participants were 12 community stakeholders such as community child center directors (n=4), vulnerable children's mothers (n=3), community health center officials (n=2), and lay health advisors (n=4); they were purposively sampled from K municipal county in Seoul, South Korea. The qualitative content analysis was performed to explore main themes of the ecological factors and strategies by using data obtained from 5 times of focus group interview. Results: Twelve ecological factors associated with childhood obesity prevention were identified: Intrapersonal factors including emotional overeating; interpersonal factors including permissive parenting style of children's eating behaviors; organizational factors including social workers' less educational opportunities; and community/policy factors including less government financial support. Four ecological strategies for childhood obesity prevention were addressed: Developing obesity prevention programs targeting vulnerable children' lifestyles; promoting parents' active participation in education; building healthy meal service environments through empowering social workers; and building supportive community environment and securing community resources for child obesity prevention. Conclusion: Our findings may be informative in terms of providing a comprehensive understanding of multi-level ecological barriers against vulnerable children' obesity prevention and, moreover, guiding multi-level strategies for preventing childhood obesity targeting children enrolled in community child centers.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-39
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• 2013

This article explores the risk governance of nanotechnology in Korea in light of a regulatory law approach, a soft law approach, and a participatory governance approach. The risk governance of nanotechnology in Korea has three characteristics. First, there are many existing regulatory laws that can be applied to the regulation of nanotechnology. However, these laws have exemptions, the extent of which are larger than that of the Europe and the United States. Second, the soft law approach is the most prevalent risk policy in Korea at present, but is limited because it is being driven by the government without active, voluntary participation of relevant companies. Third, no case of participatory governance took place when it comes to nanotechnology technology assessment. As policy recommendations to improve Korean nanotechnology risk governance, this article suggests pre-market screening, mandatory governmental registration of nanomaterials, transition management of code of conduct, and the design of interdisciplinary research and development project for real-time technology assessment.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.81-116
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• 2012

Transition toward sustainablity being in progress in a variety of areas including climate, energy, household, transportation. This study analyzed system transition and backcasting of its management with case of sustainable transportation, foods, household system transition in the Netherlands. Backcasting has become a popular approach for sustainability taking a more reflexive perspective and looking back to the participatory experiments. In the Netherlands, participatory backcasting utilized as s innovative approach for long-term strategy for sustainability, based on stakeholder involvement, construction of normative sustainable futures, stakeholder leaning. In this study, we can be understood that transition management requires the participation and contribution of business, government, research and the public & public interest groups and backcating is tool leading to a sustainable future vision, stakeholder involvement. To create a new path toward sustainablity, it requires integrated consideration of related policy perspectives and participatory backcasting aiming at system innovations for influencing transitions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-103
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• 2008

Despite its high level of symbolic and ecological values, BaigDooDaeGahn, about 684km long stretch of mountains in the eastern part of Korean peninsular, has been widely destroyed and barely recovered. While Korean government enacted a special law in 2005 to protect these areas and designated about 2,658 $km^2$ as the protection zone in 2007, there were a number of sites inside that had been disturbed by mining, illegal crop cultivations, stone quarry, development of resort facilities, construction of roads, and other human activities. To restore these damaged areas in a sustainable manner, the integrative system to categorize damaged areas for participatory restoration by local residents was suggested by this study. The most distinguished feature of the proposed system was to integrate the existing restoration approach focusing on biophysical conditions into the sustainability-building approach to reactivate socio-economic conditions of local society, called 'restoration of eco-cultural community'. As an entry stage to design the new restoration system including processes and procedures, the damaged areas had to be re-categorized by two characteristics, their physical conditions in terms of possibility of public participatory restoration and the readiness of local society required for pursuing endogenous development. More detailed considerations regarding these two characteristics and three different categories has been suggested and discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.49
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• pp.264-295
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• 2002

This study aims to identify the enactment factors of the National Basic Livelihood Institution in context of policy making process by using Kingdon's policy Stream Model. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, an economic crisis has worsened social problems, and the president Kim Dae-jung recognized these problems as serious and worried about social confusion and polarization. Second, NGOs as like People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy put efforts into enacting the Act. Also, the president Kim's government faced a series of political crisis and needed political solution including foundation of a new party, which considered social welfare most important. Third, the PSPD designed the Act. But the alternatives of related government ministries were not selected. In conclusion, the National Basic Livelihood Institution was enacted by the combination of these three factors stream. Especially the political stream was strongest.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.47-64
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• 2023

The development potential of the aquaculture industry is very high, but there is no financial support for investment except for the government, policy funds, fishery funds, etc. Therefore, we would like to propose a contract transaction in the aquaculture industry. This refers to a forward contract between a producer (fish farmer) and a buyer (mainly a processor or marketer) that stipulates the production and supply of fish products at a predetermined price, but it also refers to an "equity participation type" contract in which both producers and buyers can participate. In other words, it is a model in which part of the fish farm is produced in a way that meets the conditions of the buyer, and part is produced by the producer. This study aims to establish the basic contract trading process. It provides an academic approach to prevent adverse selection and moral hazard due to information asymmetry. It also provides an idea to converge the aquaculture industry with the financial industry using Pecking Order theory. By doing so, we have made it possible for venture capitalists to invest with confidence and provided a process for investors to resolve their concerns, paving the way for the aquaculture industry and the financial industry to develop together.