• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2002

In the past, bioinformatics was often regarded as a difficult and rather remote field, practiced only by computer scientists and not a practical tool available to biologists. However, the various on-going genome projects have had a serious impact on biological sciences in various ways and now there is little doubt that bioinformatics is an essential part of the research environment, with a wealth of biological information to analyze and predict. Fully sequenced genomes made us to have additional insights into the functional properties of the encoded proteins and made it possible to develop new tools and schemes for functional biology on a proteomic scale. Among those are the yeast two-hybrid system, mass spectrometry and microarray: the technology of choice to detect protein-protein interactions. These functional insights emerge as networks of interacting proteins, also known as "pathway informatics" or "interactomics". Without exception it is no longer possible to make advances in the signaling/regulatory pathway studies without integrating information technologies with experimental technologies. In this paper, we will introduce the databases of protein interaction worldwide and discuss several challenging issues regarding the actual implementation of databases.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2009

In accordance with the development of EEG and polysomnography in the field of sleep research, the sleep onset period (SOP) between wakefulness and sleep has been considered an important part for understanding the physiology of sleep. SOP in the transition from wakefulness to sleep is a gradual process integrating various viewpoints such as behavior, EEG, physiology and subjective report. Particularly, based on understanding of EEG changes during sleep, SOP has been regarded as a pattern of topographical change in specific frequency and specific state in EEG. Studies on quantitative EEG (qEEG) and event-related potential (ERP) have suggested that SOP shows the changes of functional coordination at the specific cortical areas in qEEG and the changes of regular patterns in response to environmental stimulation in ERP. The development of sleep EEG and topographic mapping of EEG is expected to integrate various viewpoints of SOP and clarify the neurophysiologic mechanism of SOP further.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.10
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• pp.187-212
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• 2002

Vietnams urban middle class is strongly value oriented in its shopping behavior. They want fairly good quality and service, but they also factor price into their considerations. In terms of retail patronage, they demand convenience, good service, attractive display, and especially want extensive choice. Brands must be present in multiple types of outlet, or fragile brand loyalties can be broken. Mini supermarkets have become an important part of the retail scene in the past decade, and have successfully introduced the supermarket concept to Vietnam. Many consumers are integrating mini supermarkets into their regular shopping, and are willing to pay the higher prices to gain the benefits of such shopping. However, the mini supermarkets do not adequately meet some of the things they expect from supermarkets. Large supermarkets are just entering the market, and are likely to capture much of the current mini supermarket customer base.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1357-1360
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• 2004

In this paper, a prototype of agent-based engineering system is developed based on the AADE (autonomous agent development environment), a FIPA compliant agent platform. By applying several advanced technologies including software agents, Internet/Web, workflow and database, the developed prototype system is able to successfully fulfill our target of integrating personnel, design activities and engineering resources along a predefined engineering design project (workflow). A software prototype is implemented to integrate various engineering software tools including CAD, structural analysis (FEA), dynamic analysis, fatigue analysis. A wheel-axle-assembly (part of a bogie system) is chosen as a test case for the validation of the prototype system.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.2 s.75
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• pp.81-86
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• 2007

This paper presents a computer aided process planning system integrating case-based reasoning and expert system for block assembly in shipbuilding. Expert rules are extracted from the case-base where cases are represented as a set of constraint-satisfaction problems. Rules for the expert system are extracted by generalizing the constraints. In generalizing the constraints, parts are generalized as variables or as part-types. The system was developed with CLIPS, an expert system shell. As more cases are collected, more rules will be extracted and the existing rules will be updated.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.486-495
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• 2000

Supply chain management(SCM) has become an integral part in manufacturing management. And it is often discussed that the actual advantages of supply chain management can be exploited by its integrative management approach. Very often in this context scholars refer to the need of integrating the supply chain. However few examples of truly integrated supply chains are witnessed and it is not always clear what integration implies and how it is implemented. In this paper, it is empirically attempted to analyze the integrated supply chain management practices in a strategic perspective. Using the data gathered from Japanese manufacturers, a taxonomy of the SCM integration strategy is developed and the characteristics of each company group are investigated with a viewpoint of integrated supply chain management initiatives. Furthermore the relationships between the taxonomy and the manufacturing strategy process are also examined.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.810-818
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• 2010

This paper presents a new framework for integrating untranscribed spoken content into the acoustic training of an automatic speech recognition system. Untranscribed spoken content plays a very important role for under-resourced languages because the production of manually transcribed speech databases still represents a very expensive and time-consuming task. We proposed two new methods as part of the training framework. The first method focuses on combining initial acoustic models using a data-driven metric. The second method proposes an improved acoustic training procedure based on unsupervised transcriptions, in which word endings were modified by broad phonetic classes. The training framework was applied to baseline acoustic models using untranscribed spoken content from parliamentary debates. We include three types of acoustic models in the evaluation: baseline, reference content, and framework content models. The best overall result of 18.02% word error rate was achieved with the third type. This result demonstrates statistically significant improvement over the baseline and reference acoustic models.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.137-151
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• 1995

A difficult problem in operating Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) is to control the system in real-time by coordinating heterogeneous machines and integrating distributed information. The objective of the paper is to present the models and methodologies useful to resolve the difficult problem. The detailed objectives can be described in three folds. First, a hierarchical Colored and Timed Petri-Net (CTPN) is designed to control an FMS in real-time. The concerned FMS consists of a loading station, several machining cells, a material handling system, and an unloading station. Timed-transitions are used to represent the timed-events such as AGV movements between stations and cells, part machining activities in the cells. Signal places are also used to represent communication status between the host and the cell controllers. To resolve the event conflicts and scheduling problems, dispatching rules are introduced and applied. Second, an implementation methodology used to monitor and diagnose the errors occurring on the machines during system operation is proposed. Third, a Petri-Net simulator is developed to experiment with the designed control logic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

The conventional PID controller has been extensively used to speed control of marine diesel engines. However one of drawbacks is that its control performance can be degraded if the parameters are fixed on whole operating points. In this paper a scheme for integrating PID control and the fuzzy technique is presented to control speed of a marine diesel engine on whole operating points. At first the PID controller is designed at each speed mode whose parameters are optimally adjusted using a genetic algorithm, Then fuzzy "if-then" rules combine the controllers as a consequence part. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controller a set of simulation works on a marine diesel engine are carried out.rried out.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.79-92
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• 2006

Since software development team members have been more geographically spread due to the globalization of business and Internet technologies, the management of deliverables and communication efforts for developing high-quality software products on time is becoming more complicated. Among the functional requirements for collaborative software development management, the manipulation of shared information objects is essential for the collaborative work among distributed development team members. This paper proposes an integrated information object management framework comprised of a so-called BOC (Bill Of Class) scheme and a standardized software part dictionary for managing shared information objects efficiently among distributed co-workers. In order to manage these complex information objects, the proposed framework adopt product structures represented by Bills Of Materials (BOM) as stems for integrating the various information objects. Based on the proposed framework, a collaborative software development management system (CSDMS) is implemented, and the functionalities and the structure of the system are also described in this paper. The proposed system provides sufficient functionalities for the change management of information objects and the management of their relationship to other objects rather than existing system.