• Title/Summary/Keyword: Parents' attitudes

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Leading Character's Unconsciousness-oriented Self-growth in Animations - Focusing on a Comparative Analysis of and - (애니메이션에서 주인공의 무의식을 통해 바라본 자아성장에 대한 연구 -<센과 치히로의 행방불명>과 <코렐라인>의 비교분석을 중심으로)

  • Jung, Min-Young;Kim, Jae-Woong
    • Cartoon and Animation Studies
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    • s.37
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    • pp.287-306
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    • 2014
  • Human mind consists of what he or she knows, namely 'a portion of awareness', as well as of what he or she does not know, namely 'a portion of unawareness'.1) Self refers to both consciousness and unconsciousness, whereas self-growth seems to be an ability with which a human being appropriately faces with the hidden desire and resistance of unconsciousness for himself and maintains its balance and unification with consciousness harmoniously. On this account, examination on character's unconsciousness seems to be an important methodological means to prospect for the original looks of self, based on character's internal psychology, and to grasp the change and growth throughout the course. Study subjects, namely and , are quite similar in internal/external factors around the leading character. Two girl leading characters, who have nested in parental influences and boundaries, confront with unfamiliar circumstances under the abrupt absence of parents. In order to resist contradictory and irrational situations there and to restore all the things to its original places, both carry out a hard adventure. Interestingly, both characters are similar in their unconscious characteristics, but they take different channels for their journey, confronting attitudes and changes of internal self. The purpose of this study was to examine the concrete origin of two characters' unconsciousness and then comparatively analyze the role of leading character's unconsciousness in the drama and its effects on the whole work. Therefore, the author tried to prove such a hypothesis as the probability and persuasiveness of story could be found out through establishing a character of higher completion degree and connecting between situations and events that are most appropriate for character's internal unconscious psychology.

Infant Feeding Practices and the Factors that Influence feeding Practices among Women in Seoul and the Chungbuk Area (여성들의 수유양상 및 수유방식의 선택에 영향 주는 요인들)

  • 김기남;현태선;강남미
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.288-301
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    • 2003
  • In order to obtain baseline data for the development of an educational program on breastfeeding, a survey was carried out to investigate infant feeding practices, the characteristics the subjects have in common, and the factors that influence the feeding methods among women in Seoul and the Chungbuk area. Subjects included 671 lactating mothers who visited public health centers or pediatric clinics between December 1999 and February 2000, and were interviewed using a questionnaire. The results were as follows : With respect to feeding methods, the incidence of breastfeeding, formula feeding, mixed feeding and formula feeding switched from breastfeeding was 20.6%, 29.8%, 11.6%, and 38.0%, respectively. With respect to the characteristics the subjects had in common, the incidence of women who planned their infants' feeding methods before pregnancy, during pregancy, and after delivery was 48.7%, 31.0%, and 20.3%, respectively. The incidence of women who started breastfeeding in the hospital after delivery was 38.8%. About seventy seven percet of the subjects had not previously attended an educational program on breastfeeding, and most of these wanted to participate in the future in an educational program to learn about breastfeeding. Some of the topics they were interested in were“Nutritional Management for Sufficient Breast Milk”(60.3%),“Breast Care”(25.0%), and“Correct Nursing Positions”(9.8%). Most (88.2%) of the women who breastfeed suffered from physical discomforts including discomfort of the waist, and legs and discomfort due to cracked or sore nipples. “Insufficient breast milk”was the main reason for breastfeeding cessation or for switching to formula feeding. With respect to formula feeding practices, the main reasons for selecting a specific brand of formula were“the same brand the hospital used after delivery”(34.3%) and“an advertised brand”(23.3%). The strongest factor for promoting breastfeeding was“the support of husband or parents”, next were “breastfeeding in the hospital after delivery”and“planning to breastfeed before pregnancy”in that order. The characteristics the subjects had in common relating to formula feeding were“mother's job”,“high economic level”,“Caesarian section”and “planning to breastfeed after delivery”. In conclusion, it is recommended that breastfeeding be pro-moted, and educational programs be developed and offered as soon as possible to each group which had unfavorable attitudes toward breastfeeding. In addition, the monitoring and supervision of formula advertisements is required to protect consumers from the adverse effects of exaggerated advertising.

A Study on Improvement of School Lunch Programs and Its Health and Education Effect in Korea (학교급식효과(學校給食效果)와 제도개선(制度改善)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Park, Hee Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.86-117
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    • 1988
  • The purpose of school lunch service programs (SLPs) is to provide school children with nutritious meals each day, to assist them in improving their mental and physical development, to make them understand the basic knowledge needed for healthy daily living throughout their lives with sound nutritional habits, and further, to enhance the national health status as well as the individual. The major purpose of this study is to describe the history and current status and promotional plans in Korea's SLSPs to improve the nation's health status. The major findings of this study are as follow: 1) The progression of the SLSPs can be devided into four major periods: Relief (1953-1972), Self-supportive (1973-1977), System-establishment (1973-1983), System-development(1984- ). 2) As result of the implementation of SLSPs in Korea, many positive effects have been found in school education, notably in the field of physical growth, social development and personality cultivation. 3) This study deals with a more detailed assessment with regard to the effects of the program on school education activities and the improvement of nutritional habits in the family. Although it is limited and not yet complete, the program implementation has contributed to the improvement in children's food-intake habits, understanding of food, and manners, and increased sanitary consciousness. It has also affected of parent's concerns and attitudes towards the improvement of daily meals as well as national eating patterns, and eventually provided motivation for increased farm production of nutritious food stuffs and reasonable food consumption. 4) The SLSPs does have its stare of problem such as an unsatisfactory budget, lack of understanding of the program by school personnel and parents. However, there is no doubt that the SLSPs should be carried out effectively for better health, and especially for the growth and development of the children. Finally, the problems and promotive Plans of the SLSPs can be approached by aspects of the administrative, financial and operational systems. These system have to coordinate with relevant authorities to expand participation in the program for the successful implementation of the SLSPs. The eventual objective this study is to propose ways and means for mobilizing every available element in the effort to attain the goals of educating and training healthy and competent personnel manpower, stabilizing the demand and supply of food and the ensuring adequate coordination of national food production and consumption.

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A Study on Exploring the Services of Libraries for Babies and Toddlers and the Possibilities of Service Expansion through Bookstart (공공도서관의 영아 대상 서비스 실태 및 북스타트를 통한 서비스 확대 가능성 연구)

  • Kim, Soo-Yeon;Kang, Jeong-Ah
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.139-161
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    • 2009
  • This study explored the services of libraries for babies and toddlers and the possibilities of service expansion through Bookstart as a cooperation system for libraries. This study presented the problems of the services of libraries for toddlers by implementing the questionnaire method and the in-depth interviews. In addition, this study showed the impact of carrying-out this program and why libraries should manage the Bookstart program. Results indicated that: (1) even though the membership enrollment standard of children's libraries is usually from babies and toddlers up to the elementary school students, that of a few libraries is still over elementary school students. This will work on restraining the services of libraries for users, especially toddlers, only 54.8% of libraries services are for the toddlers; (2) by analyzing the perception of librarians, we get to know that librarians think that the age of the first use of a library is more appropriate for kindergarten-agers than toddlers; (3) librarians think positively about the Bookstart and that libraries are more suitable for Bookstart than any other institutions; (4) after the introduction of Bookstart to libraries, many changes happened in respect of the function of libraries and the types of users. For examples, there was an expansion of users to babies and toddlers and their parents, an increase in users, focusing on early-childhood reading education and the strengthening of the role of librarians as program planners in particular. This study suggests that the introduction of Bookstart would bring changes to the concept of traditional libraries and the inflexible attitudes of librarians.

Effects of Mother's Oral Health Care Behaviors on Dental Caries in Primary School Children (어머니의 구강보건관리행태가 초등학교 아동의 치아우식에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Young-Nam;Song, Yun-Sin;Kim, Yoon-Shin
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.145-156
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    • 2012
  • Objectives : By analyzing the affects of the mother's oral care to the caries experiences of the elementary school children, To looking for the way to prevent dental caries in the primary school, to provide baseline data to perform the associated oral health education. Methods : Between the 3,676 children's dental check-up data and the 2,934 survey of parents from 9 elementary schools in the the Gyeonggi Province, the exactly matching data of 2,358 pairs, children versus mothers, were analyzed during the period, 2009 May 4 to July 20, By using the PASW 18(SPSS-PC 18), Frequency analysis of the collected data, and cross-analysis, ANOVA, Bonferroni post-analysis was performed. Results : The findings of the study were as follows. 1. In children, the ratio(DMF rate)of the dental caries experience in permanent teeth, appeared higher for men than women. Divided by grade level, the ratio of caries experience in the permanent teeth(DMF rate) generally appear higher in older than young. Thus between the child's gender and grade level by the ratio of caries experience in the permanent teeth(DMF rate) showed the statistically significant differences (p<0.05). 2. Between the socioeconomic characteristics of mothers and the children's level of dental caries experiences, not showed the statistically significant difference.(p>0.05). 3. The significant difference showed between the dental caries levels of the children and the mother's oral health care behavior - a toothbrush replacement period, mother's broken teeth, mothers guidances of the brushing after snacks for children(p<0.05). Conclusions : The mother's oral health attitudes and behaviors can affect to their children's oral care habits. Therefore The mother themselves should have the right proper habit of oral health care, so that in oral health care mothers should be the model for their children. Institutionally more systematic and detailed oral health educational program in conjunction with the family is needed.

A Study on the Discourses Related to Mathematical Aptitude in High School Students (고등학교 남녀 학생의 수학 능력에 대한 담론 연구)

  • Kwon, Oh-Nam;Park, Kyung-Mee;Im, Hyung;Huh, Ra-Keum
    • Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.351-367
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    • 1999
  • This study aims to study the discourses influencing high school students' concept and attitude toward mathematics, and to examine how gender differences concerning mathematical aptitude are created. This study is based on the results of previous two studies which suggested that mathematical competence differs not only according to gender, region and school year, but also even within the same gender. For this study, 12 students ranking in the top 10% at two co-ed high schools were interviewed to find out 1) what discourses are related to gender and mathematics, 2) in what way these discourses are formulated and gain currency, and 3) how they have affected students in general. Common notions concerning mathematics may be summed up as follows: 1) Most of the students believe that gender difference in mathematical aptitude results because biologically men tend to be strong in mathematics and analytical skills while women tend to have better linguistic ability. This concept can help male students' studying to have a greater learning toward mathematics. 2) A large number of the students believe that male students' studying method is based on comprehension whereas female students' method is based on retention, and hence the former group tends to be better at applying their learning than the latter group. This notion seres to encourage male students and discourage female students from tackling difficult mathematical problems. 3) Many students believe that, although female students may surpass their male counterparts in middle school or the first year of high school, they will eventually fall behind by the 3rd year. Despite research which shows that these common beliefs are not grounded in scientific proof, high-school girls, who may be strong in mathematics, lose self-confidence and feel a sense of crisis. The mechanisms which produce and reinforce such concepts as those mentioned above can be summarized as follows: 1) Regarding the choice of majors and future career paths, parents show different attitudes toward sons and daughters, and this tends to influence high-school girls and hinders them from entering mathematics-related fields. 2) Teachers with value systems based on stereo-typed gender roles affect students a great deal, and give different advice according to gender of their students, for selecting their major fields - for instance, whether to study the natural sciences as opposed to humanities. 3) This study indicates that peer-group behavior, of either support or exclusion, also reinforces the process of internalizing notions of gender difference related to mathematical aptitude. 4) The gender-based notion that men are naturally more inclined to have better mathematical ability has caused male students to choose the natural science subjects and female students to turn to the humanities. The discourses discussed above, propagated in schools and homes, and in the mass media, are continually reinforced along with general gender inequalities in the society at large.

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Personal, Family, and School Factors associated with adolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities (청소년의 봉사활동 태도에 영향을 미치는 개인, 가족, 학교 특성)

  • Kim, BoHyun;Kwon, HeeKyung
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.101-118
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with adolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities. Analyses of data provided by 450 adolescents attending secondary schools in Gyeongnam Province suggested the following results. First, adolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities differed by gender, religion, and academic grades. Adolescents who were girls, who had religions, and whose academic grades were higher showed higher levels of positive attitude toward volunteer activities than their counterparts who were boys, who did not have religion and whose academic standing was lower. Second, adolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities significantly differed by the family factor. To be specific, parental attention, parental support and family's participation in volunteer work made differences to the adolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities. Third, the adolescents took significantly different attitudes toward voluntary activities according to the school factor. Significant differences were found according to attention and support from teachers. The students whose teachers had more interest in voluntary service and whose teachers offered more aid took a more positive attitude to voluntary service. Forth, some of the personal, family, and school factors were associated with adolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities. Among the personal factors, gender, religion, academic standing, and morality were associated with dolescents' attitude toward volunteer activities. Those who were girls, who were religious, whose academic standing was higher, and who were more moral took a more positive attitude toward volunteer activities. Among family and school factors, parental attention/support and attention and support from teachers affected the voluntary service attitude of the adolescents. The students whose parents had more interest and gave more support and whose teachers showed more interest and offered more support took a more positive attitude toward volunteer activities. Therefore parental attention and support were identified as the variable to make the best prediction of the adolescents' positive attitude toward volunteer activities.

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The Study on Dietary Behaviors of Elementary School Student in Chungnam Area According to the School Food Service Type, Gender and Grade (학교급식 유형, 성별 및 학년에 따른 충남 일부지역 초등학생의 식행동에 관한 연구)

  • Chang, Hye-Soon;Kim, Myung-Ja
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.608-617
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    • 2006
  • This study compared the food habits and attitudes towards dietary life culture in types of feeding management, gender and grade. The subjects were 352 elementary school students who lived in Seocheon, Chungnam. The independently managed school students were better than jointly managed school students in food habits (p<0.05). In skipping school meals, upper grade students were skipped more than lower grade students (p<0.05). In rate of eating school meals, boys were faster than girls (p<0.001). The independently managed school students and the jointly managed school students were different on distasteful food. Boys disliked vegetables and girls disliked cereals and beans (p<0.05). Upper grade students ate more well-balanced meals than lower grade students (p<0.05). As for the question 'what you will do if the distasteful foods are provided through school meals', they responded. the highest percent of students, 'I will try once or twice'. And the response 'I have them for health' was higher independently in managed school students than the jointly managed school students (p<0.05), girls than boy (p<0.05), and the lower grades than the upper grades (p<0.05). As for the question 'what you will do if the distasteful foods are provided, after the guide for school meals was performed', the response, 'I will make an effort to have it' accounted for the highest percents, and there were differences in lower grade students who were high percents than upper grade students (p<0.01). As for the recognition for unbalanced diets, most of the students recognized that it is a 'bad habit'; the girl students accounted for more percentage than boys (p<0.05). The criterion of food choice were different in gender and grade (p<0.01). As for the factor of influences for the food habits formation, lower grade students were 'school education' and upper grade students were 'parents' (p<0.05). Thus, the systematic guide for proper intakes of nutrition should be performed. Also, the time when students can be educated by an expert of nutritional education, which is connected with school meals and students can grow healthily.

Comparative Study on Nutrition Attitudes, Food Purchase Behaviors, and Dietary Habits of Housewives Living in Seoul and Kyunggi Area (주부들의 영양태도, 식품구매 및 식생활 평가의 차이에 관한 비교 연구 -서울특별시와 경기도 일부 지역에 거주-)

  • Chung, Keun-Hee;Shin, Kyung-Ok;Choi, Kyung-Soon;Yoon, Jin-A;Chung, Kang-Hyun;Kim, Ji-Sang
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.163-174
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    • 2012
  • This study focused on the nutrition knowledge, food purchase behaviors, and dietary habits of 213 housewives (41 women under 39 years, 98 women 40~49 years, and 74 women over 50 years). Younger housewives held more special jobs, whereas older housewives worked as housewives or had no jobs ($p$<0.05). The average monthly income of the three family groups was 3,000,000~5,000,000 won, and the monthly dietary expenditure for all three groups was 200,000~500,000 won. Familial frames for the three groups was nuclear family (over 80%), but housewives younger than 39 years (19.5%) lived together with their parents and let them take care of their children. Housewives (over 50 years) prepared a balanced diet for every meal, utilized less drastic cooking methods to prevent loss of nutrients, and shopped at many places in order to save money on various food materials. Further, they purchased food materials that resulted in the least amount of left overs. On the other hand, housewives under 39 years visited large supermarkets and purchased cooked foods more than other groups. Housewives under 39 years considered nutrients content as the most important factor when purchasing food materials, whereas 74.5% of housewives between 40~49 years and 51.4% of housewives over 50 years put the most importance on flavor ($p$<0.05). Housewives under 39 years were interested in manufacture date, nutrient content, and food price, in decreasing order, whereas housewives between 40~49 years and over 50 years were interested in manufacture date, food prices, and nutrient content. Older housewives were interested in brown rice and fruits, whereas younger housewives under 39 years were interested in meat, fish, eggs, fried foods, and fast food. Older housewives over 50 years did not consume fried foods more than two times per week and consumed three regular meals more often than younger housewives. Accordingly, for younger housewives, it is necessary that healthy foods be cooked for their families.

The Effect of Parenting Styles on Satisfaction to College Life : The Mediating Effect of Dependency on the Smart Phone in the Era of Fusion and Convergence (부모양육태도가 신입생의 대학생활만족도에 미치는 영향: 융복합시대에 스마트 폰 의존도의 매개효과)

  • Park, Soon-Jin;Choi, So-Rae
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.121-129
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate how the variables of parenting styles and dependency on the smart phone affect college students' satisfaction to campus life, to seek the better ways for the college students to fit into the new environment, and to offer the practical tips based on our findings. In this study, we applied the regression analysis to verify the relationship among the variables related to the satisfaction to university life and the mediating effect of dependency on the smart phone. The results of this study suggest that the positive rearing attitude, which is the subfactor of parenting styles, has a negative effect on the dependency on the smart phone, and that dependency on the smart phone has a negative effect on the satisfaction to college life. At the same time it is found out that the negative rearing attitude has a positive effect on dependency on the smart phone, and that dependency on the smart phone has a negative effect on the satisfaction to the college life. In addition, the dependency on the smart phone has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between the positive/negative rearing attitudes and dependency on the smart phone. Based on these findings, we recommended the better ways to improve college students' satisfaction to their college lives.