• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.37-48
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• 2009

This purpose of this study was to examine the connections between positive maternal psychology, internal control, and parenting stress of mothers with young children. The subjects were 398 mothers living in Buchon city. Collected data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysiss, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results showed that employed mothers had higher positive psychology and lower parenting stress than unemployed mothers. In addition, positive maternal psychology, internal-external control, and parenting stress were all related to each other. In particular, positive psychology was the strongest predictor for parental stress.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-119
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• 2014

This study focuses on the relationship between time management behavior and parenting stress of mothers with developmentally disabled children. The participants of this study were 162 mothers whose children have developmental disabilities and attend pre-school and social welfare centers for early education. This study investigates the time management behaviors of the participants, and whether these behaviors have an effect on their time management satisfaction and parenting stress. The findings were as follows: 1) The time management behaviors of the participants were lower than average, scoring 2.87 out of 5. The order of dimensional scores from highest to lowest were sequencing, planning, recording habits, evaluating, and setting goals. 2) Time management satisfaction and parenting stress for the participants exhibited a negative correlation. 3) Adaptation behaviors of the children and time management behaviors of the mothers were factors that had significant effects on the mothers' parenting stress. These results showed the importance of time management for mothers with developmentally disabled children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.423-430
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• 2004

Purpose: The main purposes of this descriptive survey study were to describe parenting stress and needs of mothers of children with atopic dermatitis. Method: Data were collected from 111 mothers of children under 6 year-old with atopic dermatitis registered at one university affiliated medical center in Seoul. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, Parenting Stress Index (PSI) Short Form by Abidin, and an open question to identify nursing needs. Descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation and contents analyses were done. Result: The mean score for parenting stress was 77.25 (range: 12-60), for parent domain 31.50 (range: 12-60), parent-child domain 21.02 (range: 11-55) and child domain was 24.72 (range: 11-51). There was a significant positive relationship between parenting stress and severity of symptom (r=0.192, p<.005). The maternal stressors included extra housework related to symptom management, treatment related to atopic dermatitis, personality and behavior of child, and financial problems. Conclusion: the mothers of children with atopic dermatitis have high parenting stress from various stressors and needs. It is recommended that nursing interventions should include stress management and take into consideration the educational needs of mothers.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.116-125
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• 2018

Purpose: To identify factors affecting parenting stress of unmarried mothers. Methods: The subjects were 108 unmarried women who were parenting their children under the age of six. The data was collected from December 15, 2016 to March 5, 2017. The instruments consisted of self-reported questionnaires that included93 items: 21 on depression, 16 on social support, 20 on health perception, and 36 on parenting stress. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The factors influencing parenting stress were health perception (${\beta}=-.55$, p<.001), evaluative support (${\beta}=-.42$, p=.005), informative support (${\beta}=-.35$, p=.040), emotional support (${\beta}=-.24$, p=.045), partner support (${\beta}=-.20$, p=.048), and depression (${\beta}=.14$, p=.033), and the explanatory power was 57%. Conclusion: In order to alleviate the parenting stress of unmarried mothers, it is necessary to develop programs considering the physical, psychological, and social factors of unmarried mothers. Their subjective assessment of their health can increase or decrease their parenting stress, so it is necessary to develop parenting-stress intervention focusing on health perception.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.95-106
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations among mother's self-differentiation intimate. relationship parental role satisfaction and parenting stress. The subjects were 144 middle class mothers who have a first-born child aged from 6 to 36 months in Seoul. Data were gathered via questionnaire distributed to the mothers. The major results were as follows; (1) Mothers who achieved higher self-differentiation perceived lower parenting stress. (2) Mothers who highly satisfied with both their husbands' support and marital relations perceived lower parenting stress. (3) Mother's parental role satisfaction was not related to mother's parenting stress. (4) The variables predicting parenting stress were mother's self-differentiatin mother's satisfaction with intimate relationship and husband's support. However the predictive powers of these variables were different depending on mother's employment status.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.228-235
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was conducted to compare the object relations and parenting behavior of the mothers of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with that of the mothers with normal children. Methods : In this study, we studied 64 mothers of children who were diagnosed with ADHD and 90 mothers of normal children. The mothers completed the Bell Object Relations Inventory (BORI), the Parenting Behavior Inventory (PBI), the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) scale. Results : As compared with the mothers of normal children, the mothers of children with ADHD showed significantly different results for the parenting stress and parenting efficacy. For parenting behavior, the mothers of children with ADHD perceived their mothering as being more neglectful. On the other hand, the mothers of the normal control group perceived their mothering as being more affectionate and the fathers as being more reasonable and monitoring. Conclusion : This study suggests there is a significant difference of object relation between the mothers of children with ADHD and the mothers with normal children. The object relation pathology of the mothers of children with ADHD might contribute to impaired parenting behavior. The result of the present study indicate that inadequate grandparental rearing behavior affects the insecure object relation of their child (the mother), and a mother's insecure object relation affects their parental stress and parenting efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.179-188
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• 2006

This study compared parental satisfaction between mothers who have young children with and without disabilities. The study subjects were 100 mothers who take care of disabled children and 123 mothers who take care of non-disabled children. The children's ages were from 3 to 6 years. The results of this study were as follows First, the mothers who take care of disabled children had lower mother's parental satisfaction than those who have ordinary mothers. Second, the children's age and the degree of disability had an affirmative influence on the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have disabled children. There were significant differences in the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have ordinary children according to mothers' age and their educational background. The parental satisfaction in both mother groups increased with increasing parenting efficacy, marital satisfaction and family support, and with decreasing parenting stress. Finally, parenting efficacy, children's age, parenting stress, and family support significantly predicted the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have disabled children while parenting efficacy, parenting stress, and educational background significantly predicted the parental satisfaction of the mothers who have ordinary children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.252-260
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate effect of Meridian massage on the infant' growth and parenting stress, parenting self-efficacy in their mothers. Method: The participants were 65 mothers of infants who visited one public health center in Yangju city. Data were collected from February, 2007 to December, 2007. Infant in the experimental group were given Meridian massage for 50min(lecture 20min, practice 15min, preparation and arrangement 15min) once a week for 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Result: Regarding growth, infants in the experimental group increase in height compared to those in the control group. There was no difference in infants weight between the two groups. Parenting Stress of mothers were significantly lower for experimental group compare to control group. Parenting Self-efficacy of mothers were significantly higher for experimental group compare to control group. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that maternally administered Meridian massage should be applied clinical practice to improve growth of infants, emotional condition of mothers and interaction of infants and their mothers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.420-431
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• 2019

This study examined the mediating effect of parenting stress on the influence of self-differentiation of mothers in multicultural families on their learned helplessness. The study determined the correlation between the following variables: self-differentiation, learned helplessness, and the parenting stress of mothers in multicultural families. The study was conducted on mothers who are raising children in multicultural families and 193 cases of supplementary data were finally analyzed. The data derived from the survey was analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the self-differentiation of mothers in multicultural families showed a negative effect on parenting stress and the mothers' learned helplessness, while parenting stress had a positive effect on the mothers' learned helplessness. Parenting stress was found to have a mediating effect on the relationship between the self-differentiation and the learned helplessness of mothers in multicultural families. This study suggests that the mothers of multicultural families may decrease parenting stresses and learned helplessness by increasing the level of self-differentiation in the context of cultural differences and adapting to new societies.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.95-111
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• 2012

This study investigated the pathways of factors affecting 173 employed mothers' second childbirth plans. Participants were all employed working mothers with an infant under 10 months old. The hypothetical model used in this research proposed that workplace childcare support, social support, value of children and parenting stress of employed mothers will directly affect second childbirth plans. Additionally, workplace childcare support, social support, value of children, marital satisfaction and job satisfaction will indirectly influence second childbirth plans as a result of parenting stress. The results of this research demonstrated that value of children and parenting stress were the factors which directly affected second childbirth plans of employed mothers. In addition, workplace childcare support, social support, marital satisfaction and job satisfaction indirectly influenced second childbirth plans as a result of parenting stress. This study suggests the need for the establishment and development of workplace childcare support and the need for enhancing the value of children. This research further suggests the need for policies aimed at increasing psychological well-being and decreasing parenting stress for working mothers who are contemplating second childbirth plans.