• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2009

This study was designed to investigate the effects of neonatal hearing screening program (NHSP) information on parental satisfaction with the Parent Satisfaction Questionnaire with Neonatal Hearing Screening Program (PSQ-NHSP) by Mazlan et al. (2006). The PSQ-NHSP consisted of four aspects including: information, personnel in charge of the hearing test, appointment activity, and overall satisfaction in the neonatal hearing screening program. A total of 106 parents (50 in the experimental group and 56 in the control group) participated in this study in one general hospital and two delivery clinics. The fifty parents in the experimental group received information and counseling with educational materials before filling out the PSQ-NHSP, but the fifty-six parents in the control group did not receive any counseling or education materials before completing the PSQ-NHSP. The PSQ-NHSP demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability (${\sigma}=0.914$). The results of the study were as follows. First, the overall satisfaction ($3.77{\pm}0.81$) and personnel in charge of hearing test ($3.52{\pm}0.79$) aspects showed higher rates of satisfaction than the appointment activity aspect ($3.51{\pm}0.80$) for total subjects. Second, the overall parental satisfaction rate of the experimental group ($4.15{\pm}0.50$) was significantly higher than that of the control group ($3.09{\pm}0.53$) in all items. Lastly, thirty-two participants (30%) made at least one comment in response to the open-set items. A total of 29 comments were related to satisfaction with participating in the NHSP and II comments were related to dissatisfaction. In conclusion, to improve parental satisfaction it is important to provide parents with education and information about the NHSP before the test. In addition, PSQ-NHSP was found to be a useful instrument for identifying the benefits and shortfalls of the NHSP.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.304-311
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to examine the relation of self-reported adult attachment style, perceived parental rearing styles and anger in undergraduate students. Method: The six hundred and fifty undergraduate students participating in this descriptive correlational design study were conveniently sampled from K University and S College located in Seoul, Korea. The instruments were Spielberger's state-trait anger expression inventory - Korean version(Chon, Han, Lee & Spielberger, 1997), the instrument for measuring attachment styles by Hazen and Shaver (1987), and Hong's instrument for measuring parental rearing style(2001). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, $X^2-test$, ANOVA, and cluster analysis using pc-SAS(version 8.0e) program. Results: The mean scores for trait anger and anger-in were higher in undergraduate students with insecure and ambivalent attachment style compared to students with a secure attachment style. The mean score for anger-control was highest in undergraduate students with a secure attachment style. The parental rearing styles by cluster analysis were grouped as Neglect, Permissive, Democratic, and Protective-control. The mean scores for trait anger, anger-in, and anger-out were higher in undergraduate students with 'Neglect' parental rearing style than in those with 'Democratic' and 'Protective-control' rearing styles. Conclusion: Trait anger and anger expression might be related to an attachment style and/or a parental rearing style.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of parents' childhood attachment representations and parenting behavior in developing early childhood self-regulation, a developmental skill. Methods: This research was conducted with 171 preschoolers, 171 parent couples, and 22 teachers of 5-year-old classes in kindergartens and children's houses in Seoul. Results: First, there was significant correlation among parental childhood attachment representations, parenting behavior, and child self-regulation. Second, parental attachment representations and parenting behavior were shown to affect self-monitoring, a subvariable of self-regulation, and were influenced by maternal independence-oriented parenting behavior, maternal attachment representation, and parental attachment representation. As factors affecting self-control, a subvariable of self-regulation, they were influenced by maternal attachment representation, and maternal and paternal affectionate parenting behavior. Lastly, as factors affecting self-control, they were influenced by attachment representation to parents of origin, maternal affectionate parenting behavior, and maternal independence-oriented parenting behavior. Conclusion: This research revealed that parental childhood attachment representations and parenting behavior are important variables affecting the development of self-regulation in preschoolers. This finding can be used as basic data for parent education content to help preschoolers grow healthier and happier and as basic data for a program to improve parent-child attachment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.178-187
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• 2017

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the relationships among perceived parental bonding, illness perception, and anxiety and to determine the influences of perceived parental bonding and illness perception on anxiety in adult patients with congenital heart diseases. Methods: In this study a descriptive correlational design with survey method was utilized. The participants were 143 adult patients with congenital heart disease being cared for in the cardiology out-patient clinic of A medical center. Data were collected using the Parental Bonding Instrument, Illness Perception Questionnaire Revised Scale, and Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchial regression analyses. Results: There showed significant positive relationships of anxiety with maternal overprotection, consequences, and personal control respectively. Among predictors, maternal overprotection (${\beta}=.45$), consequence (${\beta}=.26$), and personal control (${\beta}=-.03$) had statistically significant influence on anxiety. Conclusion: Nursing interventions to decrease maternal overprotection and negative consequence, and to enhance personal control are essential to decrease the anxiety of adult patients with congenital heart diseases.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.805-814
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of aggression and self-esteem on the relationship between perceived parental attachment and self-control of soldiers. A convenience sample of 507 soldiers was employed, the following conclusions obtained. Parent attachment was positively correlated with self-control, aggression was negatively correlated with self-control and self-esteem was positively correlated with self-control. On the other hand, parental attachment had a indirect influence on self-control which was mediates through aggression and self-esteem as well as direct influence on self-control, and the mediating effect was much further aggression than self-esteem. Based on the above mentioned result, implication for counseling practice and future research are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-221
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• 2008

This study examined different individual, family factors and classroom environment that affect children's perceived competency. For an analysis, achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control and anxiety were included in individual variables. For family factors, parental support and marital conflict were examined. For classroom psycho-social environment, teacher support, peer relations, classroom involvement and teacher control were used. The sample consisted of 565 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Factor analysis, frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, boy's perceived academic competency was higher than girl's. And no sex difference was in children's social and athletic competency. Second, boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support, teacher support, peer relations and classroom involvement. And girl's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support and peer relations. But boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a negative correlation with anxiety and parental marital conflict. Third, the most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived academic competency was achievement motivation. The most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived social competency was peer relations. And the most important variable predicting boy's perceived athletic competency was peer relations. On the other hand, the most important variable predicting girl's perceived athletic competency was father's support.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.145-170
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate pathways from family factors such as parental conflict, parenting behavior and adolescents' self-control to adolescent delinquency, and to explore the mediating effects of delinquent peers and school maladaptation. The 2004 Korea Youth Panel Survey data were used for analysis and the total number of subjects were 2,968 middle school students with two parents including step parents family. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS 5 and SPSS 10. The major findings are summarized as follows. First, the effects of parental conflict on adolescent delinquency were mediated by parenting behavior, adolescents' self-control, delinquent peers and school maladaptation. Contrary to parental conflict, parenting behavior had a direct effect on adolescent delinquency as well as indirect effects. On the basis of these results, this article provided some suggestions for preventing or reducing adolescent delinquency.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.353-363
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in adolescents' school adaptation according to the types of perceived parental attitudes and consistency. For this purpose, 586(306 girls) middle and high school students were surveyed about their perceived parental attitudes and school adjustment, and the differences were verified through multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that the adolescents' school adaptation was different according to the types of parental attitudes. Affection - autonomy cohort group's school adjustment was significantly higher than the other groups. In addition, the hostility - control group were found to have lower adaptation level than the disagreement group. Based on this results, we discussed the importance and influences of parental attitude and suggested the directions of follow up studies on parenting attitude and adaptation.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to confirm if there are gender differences in influences of parental support, control, and school life adjustment on suicidal ideation of adolescents and to examine the mediating effect of depression on the influences of independent variables on their suicidal ideation. Methods: This study comprised a total of 671 students in seventh and eighth grades in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were analyzed for frequency, average, and standard deviation, using the t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, and the Sobel test. Results and Conclusion: First, significant differences among adolescents' gender were shown in fathers' psychological control, mothers' behavior control, and suicidal ideation. Second, in the case of male adolescents, all independent variables were found to have a full mediating effect on their suicidal ideation. Meanwhile, in the case of female adolescents, independent variables except for mothers' psychological control were found to have a full mediating effect on their suicidal ideation. Mothers' psychological control was found to have a partial mediating effect on suicidal ideation of adolescents for both genders.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-85
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta analysis of the previous studies on parental factors related to psychological and social maladjustment of school children and to examine the moderate effects of publication year using the meta-regression analysis. Method: Subjects of studies was academic journals and thesis published on 1996-Feb. 2016. Final result of selection was 353(122 journal articles, 231 master's thesis & dissertations) and total number of sampling was 126,776 school children. Results: Parental factors had medium effect sizes on psychological and social maladjustment of school children. Parental risk factors had bigger effect size than protective factors on children's maladjustment. There were a tendency that effect size of some parental factors were increased as publish year went by. Conclusions: Attachment, positive communication, and positive marital relationship were major protective factors which had reduced maladjustment of children. Psychological control and negative marital relationship were the strongest risk factors. The impact on parental factors on maladjustment of children were getting stronger recently.