• 아동학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.15-36
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• 2011

This study examined the effects of parental psychological control, dysfunctional perfectionism, and self-conscious emotions on depression in adolescents. The sample consisted of 471 adolescents (212 boys, 259 girls) attending high schools in Seoul. The results from Structural Equation Modeling indicated that dysfunctional perfectionism and self-conscious emotions mediated the impact of parental psychological control on depression only in the mother-daughter relationship, such that with mothers' greater psychological control, girls experienced higher levels of dysfunctional perfectionism and self-conscious emotions, and reported higher depression scores. Similarly, dysfunctional perfectionism functioned as a mediator in the association between parental psychological control and adolescent depression. This tends to support findings from previous studies emphasizing the importance of same sex parent-adolescent relationships. Dysfunctional perfectionism also had the largest direct effect of all variables analyzed on depression. Parental psychological control did not show statistically significant effects on self-conscious emotions for either boys or girls. These findings suggest that interventions designed to promote adolescents' mental well-being should focus on parenting of the same sex parent as well as adolescent cognitive characteristics.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.13-29
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of moral disengagement concerning the parental psychological control on children's participant role behavior in bullying situations. For the purposes of this research, a group of participants comprising total 541 students of fifth, seventh, eighth, tenth and eleventh grades from schools based in Seoul and Incheon were surveyed. As far as research methods are concerned, scales for parental psychological control, moral disengagement and participant role behavior in a bullying situation were used. The main findings of this research were as follows. First, by gender, there was a significant difference in participant role behavior in bullying. By grade, a significant difference was shown in parental psychological control, participant role behavior in bullying and moral disengagement. Second, variables affecting participant role behavior in bullying situations were found to be influenced by the types of role behavior respectively as well as by students' grade levels. Third, moral disengagement concerning the influence of parental psychological control on participant role behavior was found to have a full mediating effect on bystander behavior among elementary school students and bullying behavior among middle school and high school students.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.535-547
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the effect of parental psychological control on adolescents' non-suicidal self-injury and verify whether this effect is mediated by depression. In the first survey of 647 middle and high school students, only those who had experiences of non-suicidal self-injury were selected (136 adolescents). For data analysis purposes, descriptive statistics for each measured variable and Pearson's correlation coefficients among research variables were calculated. In addition, Process Macro - Model 4 by Hayes (2013) was used to investigate the mediating model. Finally, the bootstrapping method was applied to confirm the significance of the mediating effect. The results of this study were as follows. First, parental psychological control and depression directly affected the frequency of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents. Second, depression mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and non-suicidal self-injury. In conclusion, the more parents controlled their children's psychological factors, the higher the level of depression among adolescents, and as a result, the higher the frequency of non-suicidal self-injury. These findings suggest that educational intervention on parental psychological control is important to prevent and reduce non-suicidal self-injury; however, psychotherapy intervention that reduces the levels of depression should also be required.

• 아동학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.241-265
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of Parent Effectiveness Training (P. E. T.) on (1) parental awareness and verbal control patterns of mothers and (2) the relationship between parental awareness and verbal control patterns of mothers. The subjects were 43 mothers whose children were in 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th grades in one of two elementary schools in the City of Seoul. Mothers who participated in a P. E. T. class were assigned either to an experimental or a control group. Mothers in the experimental group received P. E. T. during the study; those in the control group received it after the study. Instruments were the Parental Awareness Interview (Newberger, 1980) and the revised Verbal Control Patters (Gumperz, 1973) for mothers. The data were analyzed by t-tests and Pearson's correlations. The results showed that (1) P. E. T. influenced parental awareness of mothers, and this change was maintained one month after completion of the P. E. T. class. (2) Mothers' verbal control patterns were changed by P. E. T. Specifically, mother' imperative and positional verbal control patterns decreased while personal verbal control patterns increased after P. E. T. (3) P. E. T. was negativeiy related to mother's imperative and positional verbal control patterns but positively related to personal verbal control patterns.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to ascertain if psychological home environment and parental verbal control type had gender-specific affects on a child's self-resilience. Questionnaires were used to collect information on 356 children who attend elementary school. The major findings were as follows : (1) Positive correlations were established among psychological home environment and parental verbal control type;(2)Fathers' verbal control type was significantly positively related to a child's gender;(3) Father's verbal control type affected self-resilience of boys, while mother's verbal control type affected self-resilience of girls.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.429-443
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether internal control, autonomous motivation of middle school students, and perceived parental pressure on academic performance affect academic procrastination, while verifying the moderating roles of autonomous motivation and parental pressure on academic performance. The participants were a total of 371 middle school students. Academic procrastination, internal control, autonomous motivation, and parental pressure on academic performance were measured using the Procrastination Inventory (Aitken, 1982) revised by Jeon and Park (2014), the Internal-External Control Scale (Ko, 2014), the Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Ryan & Connell, 1989) revised by Kim (2002), and the Scale of Kang (2003), respectively. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and a Process Macro Model 2 (multiple additional modulation effect). The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, middle school students' internal control, autonomous motivation, and perceived parental pressure on academic performance directly affected the students's academic procrastination. Second, the moderating role of parental pressure on academic performance was significant. On the other hand, the moderating role of autonomous motivation was not significant. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that in order to reduce and prevent academic procrastination it is important to improve internal control by helping middle school students become confident enough to believe that they have the ability to change their behavior and achieve their aims. At the same time, parents need to be interested in the process rather than only the academic performance of their children and support their autonomy.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to show general trends in the degree of parental monitoring, self-control and problem behavior perceived by adolescents and to examine possible changes in such trends in accordance with gender of adolescents and mother's employment, and then to determine the effects of these variables on adolescents' problem behavior. The subjects were 1288 adolescents of middle school in Busan (male 661, female 627). The main results were as follow. (1) General trends in the degree of internalizing problems and total behavior problems showed that girls had more problem behaviors than boys. (2) Boys and girls with unemployed mother perceived more parental monitoring than ones with employed mothers. Boys with unemployed mother had more self-control than ones with employed mothers. Boys with employed mother showed more problem hehaviors than ones with unemployed mother. (3) Mother's employment, the degree of parental monitoring and self-control had a significant indirect effect on internalizing problems, externalizing problems and total behavior problems. (4) The degree of self-control was the most powerful predicator of problem behaviors of middle school students.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제39권
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• pp.103-127
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• 1999

이 논문은 청소년의 음주수준과 부모의 통제 간의 관계와 학년에 따른 두 변수간의 관계를 밝히는 것을 주목적으로 하고 있다. 청소년의 음주수준은 음주빈도에 따라 금주, 호기심 수준, 실험적 수준, 습관적 수준으로 구분하였으며, 부모의 통제에는 부모의 감독, 자녀의 행동에 대한부모의 규칙 유무, 청소년의 음주에 대한부모의 태도로 측정되었다. 연구결과, 학년 변수의 영향을 고려하지 않았을 때 고등학생의 음주 수준과 부모의 통제와의 관계는 대부분 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 밝혀졌는데, 부모의 감독수준이 높을수록 그리고 청소년 자녀의 음주를 허용하지 않는 태도를 가지고 있는 부모를 둔 학생일수록 금주하는 비율이 높았다. 학년 변수의 영향을 고려했을 때 고등학생의 음주수준과 부모의 감독수준 간의 관계는 학년이 높아질수록 점차 약화되고 있었으나 통계적으로 유의미하여 선행 연구결과와 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 고등학생의 행동에 대한 부모의 규칙과 음주수준 간의 관계는 2학년에서 그리고 고등학생 자녀의 음주에 대한 부모의 허용여부와 음주수준 간의 관계는 2학년과 3학년에서 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이 연구조사에 참여한 학생들은 저학년에서 고학년으로 올라가면서 부모의 감독수준은 낮아지고, 자신의 행동에 대해 부모가 규칙을 가지고 있지 않다고 응답하는 비율이 증가하고 있으며, 부모가 자신의 음주를 허용하거나 부모의 태도가 불분명한 정도가 높아진다고 응답하였다. 이 논문의 장점 중의 하나는 예방프로그램의 핵심인 이론적 토대를 제공하였다는 점이다. 예방프로그램은 수정이 가능한 요인들에 초점을 두고 요인들의 변화를 유도해야 한다. 부모-자녀 간의 관계 증진을 목표로 하는 개입은 사회복지사들에게 매우 익숙하기 때문에 사회복지사는 청소년 음주 및 약물남용 예방프로그램의 일환으로 부모가 미성년 자녀의 음주에 대한 명확한 메시지를 자녀에게 전달하고 자녀의 행동에 대한 규칙을 세우며 부모와 자녀간의 원활한 의사소통을 증진시킬 수 있는 효과적인 양육방식과 관련된 기술을 습득할 수 있도록 원조해야 할 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.845-854
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 남녀 중 고생 총 355명을 대상으로, 청소년의 성별에 따라 부모통제에 대한 지각, 심리 및 행동문제, 그리고 자아분화 수준에 차이가 있는지 알아보고, 부모통제에 대한 지각과 자아분화가 이들의 심리 및 행동 문제에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 또한, 청소년의 자아분화가 이들의 부모통제에 대한 지각과 심리 및 행동 문제 간, 심리문제와 행동문제 간을 매개하는지 분석하였다. 분석결과, 남학생은 여학생보다 부모심리통제 지각과 심리문제가 더 많고, 여학생은 남학생보다 자아분화가 더 높으며, 행동문제가 더 많았다. 청소년의 자아분화와 부모심리 통제가 이들의 심리 및 행동문제에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 자아분화는 심리 및 행동문제를 높이고, 부모심리통제는 이를 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 청소년의 자아분화는 부모행동통제와 심리 및 행동문제 간을 완전매개, 부모심리통제와 심리 및 행동문제 간, 그리고 심리문제와 행동문제 간을 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국심리학회지:학교
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.351-370
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• 2021

본 연구는 부모의 심리적 통제가 관계적 공격성에 미치는 영향과 그 과정에서 거부민감성과 우정관계 질투가 매개하는지 확인해보고자 하였다. 이를 확인하기 위해 대구·경북 소재 중학교에 재학 중인 청소년 556명(여학생 318명, 남학생 238명)을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 부모의 심리적 통제가 중학생 자녀의 관계적 공격성에 미치는 영향에서 거부민감성과 우정관계 질투가 순차적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 부모의 심리적 통제로 확립된 자녀의 거부민감성이 우정관계 질투를 증가시킴으로써 관계적 공격성에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 성별에 따른 경로 차이를 살펴보기 위해 다집단 분석을 실시한 결과, 부모의 심리적 통제에서 거부민감성으로 가는 경로, 부모의 심리적 통제에서 관계적 공격성으로 가는 경로, 우정관계 질투에서 관계적 공격성으로 가는 경로에서 성차가 나타났다. 본 연구는 부모의 심리적 통제가 중학생 자녀의 관계적 공격성에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 성별을 비교하여 차별화된 결과를 통해 관계적 공격성에 대한 이해를 확장시키고 치료적 개입방향을 모색하였다는 데 의의가 있다.