• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.6 s.220
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• pp.103-111
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• 2006

The purpose of the study was to examine the agreement between parent and adolescent reports on parenting behaviors. The participants were 196 father-mother-adolescent triads. Results indicated that there were significant differences in reports of parenting behaviors between parents and adolescents. Generally, parents reported higher respect, disciplines and attention than their adolescents did. However, there were low to high agreements between parental report and adolescent report on parenting behaviors. The degree of those agreements varied by adolescent's developmental stage, birth order and mother's education. The findings suggested that differences in agreements between parent and adolescent reports on parenting behaviors might not be random and the agreements should be addressed in terms of specific sample characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.127-133
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• 2012

Objectives : The aims of this study were to examine agreement between parent and teacher ratings of the Korean version Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-Kr) for the children's psychopathology and to determine whether it is effective in diagnostics as the Korean version of Childhood Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). Methods : SDQ-Kr and K-CBCL were completed by parents and teachers of 165 children aged 6-12 years. The clinical diagnosis was made by a child and adolescent psychiatrist who did not have knowledge of the outcome. Spearman's correlations were computed for associations between parents' and teachers' ratings on a subscale level. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the influence of child's age and sex on the results. Finally, AUC values were calculated for the diagnostic capacity and the difference between informants was tested using the z test. Results : High correlations were observed between parents' and teachers' SDQ-Kr on every scale. Parents were more sensitive to emotional symptoms of girls, while teachers appeared to be more responsive to externalized symptoms of boys, inattention-hyperactivity of young children, and emotional symptoms of seniors. Parents' SDQ-Kr demonstrated the highest prediction of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Conclusion : Teachers' SDQ-Kr can be used in identification of child psychopathology when parents are absent or when their reliability is considered low.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2023

Objectives: Most developmental screening tests have been built as parent-performed questionnaires. However, they often do not guide parents on how to answer the questionnaire. This study aimed to develop easily applicable parent guidelines. Methods: We implemented the Delphi procedure with 20 panelists. The development of the initial questionnaire was based on the results of two surveys of parents and experts provided by a policy research report that investigated the item adequacy of the Korean Developmental Screening Test. Round one included 33 items comprising all possible measurements in six categories that were identified as difficult to understand or confusing. Round two merged and modified some items and included 32 items. We defined consensus as a median agreement value of one or less and convergence and stability values of 0.5 or less. The subjective usefulness of the parent guidelines was examined based on their previous test experiences. Results: Consensus was reached after the second round, reflecting the items with the highest level of accuracy in each category. Of the 167 parents who participated in the survey, 113 (67.7%) affirmed the usefulness of the guidelines, while 10 (6.0%) answered that they were not useful. Items that recommended a different scoring strategy in answering the questionnaire from their previous measurements were found to be more useful by the parents. Conclusion: The parent guidelines, composed of five bullet points, drew on the consensus of the experts. Further studies are required to assess whether these guidelines improve the accuracy of screening tests in clinical settings.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1998

The present study compared the self report and parental report on the behavior problems of adolescents as a way to explore similarities and differences in the ways that adolescents and their parents conceptualize behavior problems of adolescents. Specifically, K-CBCL and YSR data from 3271 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 were subjected to factor analyses. Five factors；Depression/Anxiety/Withdrawal, Aggressiveness, Somatic Symptom, Disruptiveness, Attention Getting were obtained from the YSR data with the first factor, Depression/Anxiety/Withdrawal explaining 14.23% of the total variance. K-CBCL data yielded somewhat different factor structure with Aggression/Delinquency as the first factor explaining 14.08% of the total variance, followed by Somatic Symptoms, Social Withdrawal, Disruptiveness, and Depression/Anxiety. Total K-CBCL and YSR score showed a moderate correlation(r=.51), and correlation between pairs of comparable K-CBCL and YSR factor scores were also moderate. Regression analyses of the variables contributing to the total problem score of the K-CBCL and YSR suggested that social competence and academic achievement are two important sources of influence on the evaluation of behavior problems both in self-report and parental report. However, externalizing problems such as aggressiveness/delinquency appeared to be more salient for parents, while adolescents themselves appeared to be more concerned with internalizing problems such as depression/anxiety. Implications of these subtle differences for assessment of adolescent behavior problems were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2010

Objectives: In assessing behavioral/emotional problems in school-aged children, the importance of multi-informant reporting has been well documented. However, in clinical settings obtaining multiple informants' opinions has proven difficult. For that reason, we researched the agreement and predictive validity of the Child Problem-Behavior Screening Questionnaire (CPSQ) in order to reveal how accurate parents' assessments reflected teachers'opinions. Methods: We conducted the first screening for second- and third-grade children from 3 elementary schools in Seoul from 2003 to 2007 using the CPSQ. There were 1178 children included in the analysis. We then administered the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) as a second screening tool and subsequently, the ADHD Diagnostic System (ADS) and the Korean Educational Development Institute version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (KEDI-WISC) was administered by a psychiatrist. We examined each item on the CPSQ and the subscale's agreement between parent and teacher as well as the predictive validity of the CPSQ in children diagnosed with emotional/behavioral problems. Results: The agreement rates between parents and teachers appeared high for questions 18 (0.433), 1 (0.385), and 2 (0.325). Among the subscales, a relatively high correlation was found for externalizing problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and cognitive problems. For all diagnosed children, their parents revealed a higher sensitivity and lower specificity than teachers. Conclusion: From these results, we confirmed that the CPSQ can be useful for sorting out externalizing and cognitive problems. There is a need for further study, however, with a larger sample size.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.54-66
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• 1998

Objectives：This study was to investigate the impact of parental psychiatric disorder on offspring's depression, anxiety, self concept, perception of familial relationship compared with offspring of normal control. In offsprings of parents with psychiatric disorder, this study explored whether their psychopathology, self concept, and perception of familial relationship were influenced by parent’s sex, onset time of parent’s psychiatric disorder and parent’s psychiatric diagnosis. Methods：52 offsprings aged 10-18 years of 39 psychiatric outpatient were surveyed from June, 1997 to April, 1998 and completed several questionnaaire, including Korean from of the Family Environment Scale, Korean form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Korean form of Kovac’s Children’s Depression Inventory, and Korean form of Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale. Their score was compared with offsprings’ of normals. In offsprings of parents with psychiatric disorder, they were compared according to parent’s sex, onset time of parent's psychiatric disorder and parent’s psychiatric diagnosis. Results：The results were as follows：1) Offsprings of parents with psychiatric disorder reported higher level of state anxiety and lower level of the FES expressive subscale than offsprings of normals(p<0.05). But they reported higher level of PHCSCS intellectual & school status subscale and popularity subscale than normals(p<0.05). 2) There were no differences in anxiety, depression, self concept, and perception of familial relationship between patient’s sex. 3) Offsprings less than 3 years old when parent’s psychiatric disorder had developed showed higher level of trait anxiety and lower level of FES control subscale than offsprings more than 3 years old (p<0.05). 4) There were no diferences in anxiety, depression, self concept, and perception of familial relationship between patient’ diagnostic groups(schizophrenia spectrum disorder-mood disoderneurosis). Conclusion：The finding indicated that self reported scale of anxiety and depression showed no significant difference between offsprings of psychiatric patients and offsprings of normals. In offsprings of parents with psychiatric disorder, parent’s sex and psychiatiric diagnosis had no influence on offspring’s psychopathology. But the offspring’s age(before 3 years old) when the parent’s psychiatriric disorder developed had influence on higher level of offspring’s trait anxiety. For further high risk group study, direct interview and evaluation of parent-child agreement or teacher-child agreement will be needed in longitudinal study.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.52
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• pp.347.1-347.11
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• 2018

Background: Smartphone addiction has recently been highlighted as a major health issue among adolescents. In this study, we assessed the degree of agreement between adolescents' and parents' ratings of adolescents' smartphone addiction. Additionally, we evaluated the psychosocial factors associated with adolescents' and parents' ratings of adolescents' smartphone addiction. Methods: In total, 158 adolescents aged 12-19 years and their parents participated in this study. The adolescents completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) and the Isolated Peer Relationship Inventory (IPRI). Their parents also completed the SAS (about their adolescents), SAS-Short Version (SAS-SV; about themselves), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We used the paired t-test, McNemar test, and Pearson's correlation analyses. Results: Percentage of risk users was higher in parents' ratings of adolescents' smartphone addiction than ratings of adolescents themselves. There was disagreement between the SAS and SAS-parent report total scores and subscale scores on positive anticipation, withdrawal, and cyberspace-oriented relationship. SAS scores were positively associated with average minutes of weekday/holiday smartphone use and scores on the IPRI and father's GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Additionally, SAS-parent report scores showed positive associations with average minutes of weekday/holiday smartphone use and each parent's SAS-SV, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scores. Conclusion: The results suggest that clinicians need to consider both adolescents' and parents' reports when assessing adolescents' smartphone addiction, and be aware of the possibility of under- or overestimation. Our results cannot only be a reference in assessing adolescents' smartphone addiction, but also provide inspiration for future studies.