• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2003

Flow around an oscillating circular cylinder was experimentally investigated. With varying Keulegen-Carpenter(KC) number from 10 to 30 the flow field with vortex sheddings and the related hydrodynamic fortes exerting on the cylinder were measured. A newly developed PW(paricle image velocimetry) successfully captured the complex vortical flows varying with the KC number and the flow patterns were 'traverse street', 'single pairing' and 'double pairing' of vortices with increasing KC number, At a certain KC number range the lift force undergoes a transition showing little periodicity due to surrounding complicated shedded vortices.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.5_6
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• pp.250-257
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• 2003

As the memory access time becomes slower relative to the fast processor speed, most systems use cache memory to reduce the gap. The cache performance has an increasingly large impact on the performance of algorithms. Blocking is the well known method to utilize cache and has shown good results in multiplying matrices and search trees like d-heap. But if we use blocking in the data structures which require rotation during insertion or deletion, the execution time increases as the data movements between blocks are necessary. In this paper, we have proposed the extended pairing heap algorithms using block node and shown by experiments that our structure is superior Also in case of using block node, we use less memory space as the number of pointers decreases.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.274-285
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• 2023

This study was conducted to select representative agricultural products (4 types of fruits and 4 types of wild vegetables) in Chungju, define their sensual characteristics, derive suitable flavour-pairing and recipes for each ingredient, and use them as a cornerstone in the development of menus. For the experiment, 10 experts were selected to choose 8 representative agricultural products in Chungju, and 18 menus were selected through a flavour-pairing survey. A consumer panel (a total of 413 people, 105 in their 20s, 103 in their 30s, 103 in their 40s, and 102 in their 50s) for evaluating the characteristics of consumer preferences was selected. After the flavour-pairing survey 'sweet taste', 'light flavour', 'soft flavour', 'savoury flavour', 'familiar flavour', 'harmonious flavour', 'softness', and 'harmoniousness with food ingredients' were determined as drivers of liking, on the other hand, 'disturbance with food ingredients' and 'soybean fishy smell' were determined as drivers of disliking. The degree of consumer preference and overall acceptance were found to be related to the consumers' familiarity, suggesting that if a menu should be developed using unfamiliar local agricultural products, it should be configured with familiar recipes and seasoning methods.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.545-555
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• 2004

Proxy signature scheme allow a designated proxy person to sign a message on behalf of the original signer. Partially blind signature scheme allows the signer to insert non-removable common information into his blind signature. Proxy signature and partially blind signature are very important technologies in secure e-commerce. In this paper we propose new proxy signature scheme and ID-based partially blind signature scheme using bilinear pairing. further combining them, we propose a proxy partially blind signature scheme. The security of our schemes relies on the hardness of Computational Diffie-Hellman Problem. If we removing common information form propose ID-based partially blind signature scheme and proxy partially blind signature scheme, then they become variants of ID-based blind signature scheme and proxy blind signature scheme of Zhangs respectively.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.289-295
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• 2008

RNA-RNA interactions and the dynamic RNA conformations are important regulators in virus replication in several RNA virus systems and may also involved in the regulation of many important virus life cycle phases, including translation, replication, assembly, and switches in these important stages. The 5' non-translated region of Potato virus X(PVX) contains multiple cis-acting elements that facilitate various viral processes. It has previously been proposed that RNA-RNA interactions between various RNA elements present in PVX RNA genome are required for PVX RNA accumulation(Hu et al., 2007; Kim and Hemenway, 1999). This model was based on the potential base-pairing between conserved sequence elements at the upstream of subgenomic RNAs(sgRNAs) and at the 5' and 3' end of RNA genome. We now provide more evidence that RNA-RNA base-pairing between elements present at the 5' end and upstream of each sgRNA is required for efficient replication of genomic and subgenomic plus-strand RNA accumulation. Site-directed mutations introduced at the 5' end of plus-strand RNA replication defective mutant(${\Delta}12$) increasing base-pairing possibility with conserved sequence elements located upstream of each sgRNAs restored genomic and subgenomic plus-strand RNA accumulation and caused symptom development in inoculated Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Serial passage of a deletion mutant(${\Delta}8$) caused more severe symptoms and restored wild type sequences and thus retained possible RNA-RNA base-pairing. Altogether, these results indicate that the RNA element located at the 5' end of PVX genome involved in RNA-RNA interactions and play a key role in high-level accumulation of plus-strand RNA in vivo.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.119-124
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• 2017

Purpose: Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system has high coefficient of performance than conventional air-source heat pump system and closed-loop type geothermal system. However, there is problem in long-term operation that groundwater raise at the diffusion well and reduced at the supply well. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict the groundwater flow, groundwater movement and control the groundwater level in the wells. In this research, in consideration of hydrogeological characteristic, groundwater level and groundwater movement were conducted analysis in order to develop the optimal design method of the two-well system using the pairing pipe. Method: For the optimum design of the two-well system, this research focused on the design method of the pairing pipe in the simulation model. Especially, in order to control the groundwater level in wells, pairing pipe between the supply well and diffusion well was developed and the groundwater level during the system operation was analyzed by the numerical simulation. Result: As the result of simulation, the groundwater level increased to -2.65m even in the condition of low hydraulic conductivity and high pumping flow rate. Consequently, it was found that the developed system can be operated stably.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.12A
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• pp.1209-1216
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• 2008

In order to maximize spectrum efficiency and data rate MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output) is adopted to wireless system. OFDM-based WiMAX and LTE accommodate MIMO as mandatory technology. STC(Space Time Coding) and SM(Spatial Multiplexing) are used in downlink while in uplink C-MIMO(Collaborative MIMO) is used to improve data throughput. In this paper conventional pairing schemes, RPS(Random Pairing Scheduling) and DPS(Determinant Pairing Scheduling) are analyzed. From the analysis the performance of DPS algorithm is better than that of RPS because DPS measures orthogonal factor between paired users. However, there are potential problems such as hardware complexity and performance. To overcome the issues Power-Based Scheduling(PBS) algorithm is proposed for C-MIMO. PBS can provide higher performance compared to RPS and dramatically reduce hardware complexity compared to DPS

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2015

xBrassicoraphanus line BB#5, a new synthetic intergeneric hybrid between Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis and Raphanus sativus L. var. rafiphera induced by N-methyl-N-nitroso-urethane mutagenesis in microspore culture, shows high seed fertility and morphological uniformity. Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 5S and 45S rDNA probes and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) using B. rapa genomic DNA probe were carried out to analyze the chromosome composition and the meiosis pairing pattern compared to its parental lines. The somatic chromosome complement is 2n = 38, which consists of 17 metacentric and two submetacentric chromosomes with lengths of 2.18 to $5.01{\mu}m$. FISH karyotype analysis showed five and eight pairs of 5S and 45S rDNA loci. GISH meiosis pairing analysis showed that 19 complete bivalents were most frequent and accounted for 42% of the 100 pollen mother cells examined. Based on chromosome number, size, morphology, rDNA distribution, and meiosis pairing pattern, both parental genomes of B. rapa and R. sativus appear to exist in xBrassicoraphanus line BB#5, demonstrating its genome integrity. Such stable chromosome constitutions and meiotic pairing patterns in somatic and meiotic cells are very rare in natural and synthetic intergeneric hybrids. Chromosomal studies and genetic and phenotypic changes in allopolyploids a re discussed. The results p resented h erein will b e usef ul f or f urther g enomic s tudy o f xBrassicoraphanus lines and their improvement as promising new breeding varieties.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.2271-2279
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce the notion of certificate-based encryption in multi-receiver environment, which avoids the inherent key escrow problem while preserving the implicit certification in identity-based encryption. We also construct a highly efficient certificate-based encryption scheme for multi-receiver environment, which eliminates pairing computation to encrypt a message for multiple receivers. Moreover, the proposed scheme only needs one pairing computation for decrypting the ciphertext. We compare our scheme with the most efficient identity-based encryption scheme for multi-receiver environment proposed by Baek et.al.[1] in terms of the computational point of view, and show that our scheme provides better efficiency than Baek's scheme. Finally, we discuss how to properly transform our scheme into a new public key broadcast encryption scheme based on subset-cover framework.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.204-213
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• 2010

In this paper, we investigate the possible security threats to downloadable conditional access system (DCAS) host devices. We then propose a DCAS secure micro (SM) and transport processor (TP) security protocol that counters identified security threats using a secure key establishment and pairing management scheme. The proposed protocol not only resists disclosed SM ID and TP ID threats and indirect connection between TA and TP threats, but also meets some desirable security attributes such as known key secrecy, perfect forward secrecy, key compromised impersonation, unknown key-share, and key control.