• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2018

본 연구는 스마트폰 사용이 건강한 성인의 보행패턴에 미치는 영향을 알고자 하였다. 건강한 성인 20명이 본 연구에 동원되었다. 모든 대상자는 보통보행과 스마트폰 보행을 각각 2회씩 수행하였다. 보통보행은 대상자가 선택한 속도로 걸었으며, 스마트폰 보행은 동영상 시청을 하면서 걸었다. 보행 동안 GAITRite 시스템을 이용하여 보행패턴과 관련된 시, 공간적 변수를 확인하였다. 통계분석은 두 보행에 대한 시, 공간적 변수를 비교하기 위하여 대응 표본 t 검정을 이용하였다. 시간적 변수비교에서 스마트폰 보행은 보통보행보다 보행속도, 분속수에서 유의하게 낮았으며(p<.05), 한쪽 다리 지지 시간, 양쪽 다리 지지 시간에서는 유의하게 길었다(p<.05). 공간적 변수 비교에서 스마트폰 보행은 보통보행보다 한 발짝 길이, 한걸음 길이에서 유의하게 짧았으며(p<.05), 보행 시 보간에서는 유의하게 길었다(p<.05). 본 연구의 결과는 보행 동안 스마트폰 사용이 올바른 보행패턴에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 증명한다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.819-830
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• 2017

This study aims to gather precise information on the real fabric color and texture, and purchasing intention of mobile shoppers buying clothes. Eighty volunteers participated in the sensory test on three smartphones with four colors and two fabrics-smooth taffeta and hairy doeskin. This study carried out the posteriori test using the one-way ANOVA and Duncan test by SPSS21.0. In the analysis' results of color preference, there were no differences among the four colors of taffeta between the smartphones, but different preferences between the red and yellow doeskin exist. In the case of the Samsung phone, which has an immense color distortion, the red fabric has a low color preference. In contrast, on the Apple phone yellow fabric had the highest preference because of its brightness. The Apple phone also has the highest purchasing intention of yellow colored taffeta, which is similar to the color preference results, although the real fabric has the opposite result. For doeskin, the real red and blue colored fabric has the highest purchasing intention. The Samsung phone has the biggest color mismatch with the real fabric. It also has the lowest purchasing intention of red taffeta fabric, while the LG phone has the lowest purchasing intention of blue fabric. Using the paired comparison method of the similarity between 'real' fabrics and the mobile version of fabric colors has a low similarity on all four colors of taffeta and doeskin fabrics. Therefore it can be concluded that phones do not represent the 'real' fabric color.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.446-452
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• 2012

This study aims to examine the effects of taping of the ankle joint on the static and dynamic balance and gait ability of stroke patients. Twenty-six stroke patients receiving physical therapy at a hospital located in Gyeonggi-do were divided equally into a group that had taping in physical therapy and an ordinary physical therapy group. They exercised for 30 minutes each, 3 times per week for 8 weeks from June to August 2011. Romberg's eye open and eye closed tests, limits of stability(LOS), forward and back test, timed up and go test(TUG) and 10-meter gait velocity test were performed to evaluate static balance, dynamic balance, and gait ability, respectively, prior to and 8 weeks after the intervention. Differences within each group in relation to the lapse of time were compared by a paired t-test. Differences between the two groups were compared by an independent t-test. Regarding comparison of differences within each group, all tests resulted in significant changes in both groups after the intervention (p<.05). Comparison of differences between the two groups showed that taping in the physical therapy group had significantly better test results than the ordinary physical therapy group in all measured items(p<.05). The after effects of ankle taping on stroke patients are more efficient and effective than ordinary physical therapy alone in improving balance and gait ability.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.522-530
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• 1996

Most dentists are very interested in laser therapy on the intraoral soft tissue lesions because they want to accomplish the analgesic and aseptic surgery with little or no bleeding. In order to determine the difference of pain threshold according to different gingival tissues with or without inflammation, 25 patients with inflammatory periodontal disease and 10 volunteers with good general and oral health were selected as the inflamed group and the normal group, respectively. Interdental papilla, marginal gingiva, attached gingiva, and alveolar mucosa were irradiated by the contact delivery($300{\mu]m$ fiber optic, for 5 seconds) of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser(EN.EL.EN06O, Italy). And the laser power was gradually increased from 0.5W by the increment of 0.1W. The highest laser power was recorded as the first painful power when the painful gesture was recognized at first. The difference of the first painful power of laser according to different gingival tissues with or without inflammation was statistically analyzed by paired t-test in MICROSTAT program. Following results were obtained: 1. In the comparison related with the inflammation, the first painful power was significantly lower in the inflamed group than in the normal group, regardless of interdental papilla and marginal gingiva(p<0.05). 2. In the comparison related with the tissue structure, the first painful. power was significantly lower in alveolar mucosa than in attached gingiva(p<0.05). The results suggest that, for the painless therapy by a pulsed-Nd:YAG laser irradiation, the laser surgery over 2.0W of power should be necessarily accomplished under the local anethesia, and the local anesthesia should be considered according to the degree of inflammation, the tissue structure, and the purpose of laser therapy.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2012

Purpose: This research was done to compare obstetric pain, anxiety and cervical dilatation between an epidural analgesia group and a control group. Methods: Participants were assigned to the experimental or control group depending on their decisions for pain relief. Subjective / objective obstetric pain, anxiety level and cervical dilatation were measured and ANOVA was used for comparison of groups and paired t-test to make pre-post comparisons. Results: Homogeneity of pain, anxiety and cervical dilatation were assessed at the latent phase. Cervical dilatation was larger in the control group than the experimental group, at both the active and the transitional phase (F=22.9, p<.001; F=39.9, p<.001 respectively). The degree of pain and anxiety were not significantly different between the groups. Within the experimental group, subjective / objective pain and anxiety level were significantly lower post-analgesia compared to pre-analgesia in the active phase. All variables, except for sweating in the objective pain measurement, changed significantly at the transient phase. Conclusion: The results of this evidence-based research indicate that epidural analgesia while effective in relieving pain and anxiety may have an adverse effect on the cervix during labor stage I. Epidural analgesia should be used carefully during cervical dilatation in labor stage I.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1165-1176
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• 2002

This study intended to provide more refined information on color preferences by systematizing the concept of the color preference(general color preference, apparel color preference) and revealing different trends in the color preference and the actual possession of apparels. We collected data from 303 females in the ages between 20 and 40 in Seoul and analyzed by paired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. The analysis on general color preference, apparel color preference, and apparel possession color revealed that the cold colors such as blue and violet marked higher, and the warm colors such as yellow and orange marked lower in general color preference. For apparel color preference, neutral and brown were among the highest and the rest of the colors were in the same trend as general color preference. Apparel possession color showed defined accordance with apparel color preference. In terms of tones, pale tone marked the highest in general color preference and was followed by vivid, dull, and dark tones in decreasing order. For apparel color preference, pastel, dul1, and dark tones were among the highest. 2. Comparison between general color preference and apparel color preference in terms of hue showed that, except for orange, every hue showed disagreement in general color preference and apparel color preference. Neutral and brown hues marked higher in apparel color preference than in general color preference where as a]1 the other hues marked higher in general color preference. Comparison between apparel color preference and apparel possession color in terms of hue revealed that in most hues, apparel possession color was lower than apparel color preference. In terms of tones, vivid and pale tones marked higher in general color preference than in apparel color preference while dull and dark tones marked higher in apparel color preference than in general color preference.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.324-330
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• 2017

본 연구는 수분이 많은 청정식품의 경도라는 규격화된 기준을 두어, 경도에 따른 청정 작용의 효과 차이를 알아보고, 그 효과로 구취가 제거되는 정도를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에 참여한 대상자는 평균 20.8세의 여성 19(95.0%)명, 남성 1(5.0%)명이었다. 자료 분석은 PASW SPSS statistics 24.0(IBM Co,Armonk,NY,USA)를 사용하였으며, 제1종 오류는 0.05로 하였다. 모든 청정식품에서의 섭취 전과 섭취 후의 치면 세균막의 제거정도는 오이는 PHP Index, 토마토는 PHP Index와 plaque rate, 배추는 plaque rate가 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였고, 경도에 따른 청정식품 종류의 치면세균막 제거 효과에는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 모든 청정식품에서의 구취제거 효과에는 구취성분 중 $H_2S$만이 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있으나, 변화량의 평균이 배추, 토마토, 오이순으로 청정식품의 경도에 따라서는 구취제거 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 향후 청정식품 종류의 다양화와 많은 피험자의 수, 구취측정 시간을 통제하는 등의 여러 요소를 고려하여 후속 연구를 진행할 필요가 있으며, 실생활에서도 이를 활용한 식이조절법이 활성화 될 수 있도록 식품에 관한 임상연구가 필요할 것이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2017

Objectives: This double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the ability of a desensitizing agent and a self-etch adhesive on cervical dentin sensitivity (CDS) after periodontal surgery. Materials and Methods: Ninety hypersensitive teeth of 13 subjects were included in the study. After periodontal surgery, the teeth of each posterior sextant treated with one of the following materials: G1: Clearfil $S^3$ Bond (Kuraray Dental), G2: Gluma Desensitizer (Heraeus Kulzer), and G3: placebo (water). The sensitivity was assessed using evaporative stimuli before treatment (baseline, T0), 1 day after treatment (T1), after 1 week (T2), and 1 month (T3) according to visual analog scale (VAS). Results: Following the treatment, all the 3 groups showed significant reduction of CDS in T1 compared to T0. Reduction of CDS between T1 and T2 was observed only in G1 but there was no significant difference between T2 and T3 in this group. Although we observed a significant difference in T3 compared to T1 and T2 in G2 and G3, comparison of treatment groups in each assessment time showed a significant difference only in T3. According to paired comparison, this was due to the difference between G2 and G3. Conclusions: Dentin sensitivity following periodontal surgery will decrease spontaneously over time, but treating the sensitive teeth with Gluma Desensitizer and Clearfil $S^3$ Bond can have some benefits.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1013-1024
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 다변량 DCC(dynamic conditional correlation) GARCH 모형에서 동태적 상관계수를 추정하기 위한 대표적 방법인 쌍별 추정법과 다차원 추정법의 효율성을 비교한다. 이를 위하여 금융 시장의 변동성을 반영하는 다변량 시계열을 생성하고 이에 대한 DCC GARCH 모형을 수립 및 추정하는 시뮬레이션을 실시하였다. 또한 KOSPI 200 섹터지수를 이용하여 포트폴리오를 구성하고 이의 변동성 추정 및 VaR 계산을 통하여 동태적 상관계수 추정에 대한 정확성을 평가하였다. 그 결과로서, 전반적으로 다차원 추정법이 쌍별 추정법보다 우수함을 발견하였다. 특히, 다차원 추정법에서 상대적으로 상관관계가 낮은 시계열을 추가할수록 쌍별 시계열에 대한 동태적 상관계수 추정의 정확성을 높여줌을 발견하였다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the level of muscle activation on the cervical erector spinae (CES), lumbar erector spinae (LES), and upper trapezius (UT) according to the sitting postures while using a smartphone in the bathroom. Method: Thirty-two healthy subjects were recruited for this study. The CES, LES, and UT were evaluated by surface electromyography according to two sitting postures while using a smartphone on the toilet seat. A paired t test was performed for the root mean square of reference voluntary contraction (%RVC) comparisons between two sitting postures, and one-way ANOVA was used to compare the three muscle activations within each posture. Results: A comparison between the two sitting postures revealed the muscle activation of both CESs in sitting posture 2 and both LESs in sitting posture 1 to be significantly higher than those of the others. In sitting posture 1, the muscle activation of both LESs was significantly higher than those of the CES and UT. In sitting posture 2, the muscle activation of both CESs was significantly higher than those of the LES and UT. Conclusion: High muscle activation of the CES and LES was observed according to the sitting postures when using smartphone in the restroom. Therefore, long time use of smartphones on a toilet seat should be avoided.