• 셀메드
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.5
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• 2013

In this pilot dual-site study with LifeWave IceWave$^{(R)}$ patches, using subjects as their own controls, data were acquired from a convenience sample of 16 males and 24 females, 50% Caucasian-Americans, 50% Hispanic-Americans, ages 20 - 85 with neuromuscular pain. The hypothesis was: the application of IceWave$^{(R)}$ patches to the skin will reduce one's perception of pain. Subjects were tested at baseline (without any patches), and then at 1 and 3 h on day 1 and at 1 h on days 2 - 5 after patch application. At every time point, the mean change, indicative of one's perception of pain, was highly significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced, with a statistical power of 100% compared to baseline. Based on these findings, the hypothesis was accepted as true.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.445-451
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• 2019

본 연구는 암성 통증에 대한 간호사와 의과대학 4학년을 대상으로 인식을 규명하고 체계적인 교육 프로그램 개발에 활용하고자 시도하였다. 연구 대상은 간호사 258명, 의과대학 4학년 211명이며, SPSS WIN 18.0을 이용하여 분석한 결과 두 직군 간 "암환자는 진통제를 자주 쓰면 쓸수록 중독되지 않는다.", "암성 통증은 나이와 상관없이 발생할 수 있다.", "암환자가 통증이 있을 때 주사나 신경치료는 일시적이지 않고 장기간으로 볼 때에 효과적이다", "암환자는 다른 환자에 비해 진통제에 쉽게 중독이 되지 않는다." 등의 문항에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 두 집단 모두에게 체계적 암성 통증에 대한 이론 및 실무에 대한 교육 방향성을 설정하고 관련 교육 프로그램을 개발의 필요성을 시사한다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the pain perception and anesthetic efficacy of 2% lignocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine, buffered lignocaine, and 4% articaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine for the inferior alveolar nerve block. Methods: This was a double-blind crossover study involving 48 children aged 5-10 years, who received three inferior alveolar nerve block injections in three appointments scheduled one week apart from the next. Pain on injection was assessed using the Wong-Baker Faces pain scale and the sound eye motor scale (SEM). Efficacy of anesthesia was assessed by subjective (tingling or numbness of the lip, tongue, and corner of mouth) and objective signs (pain on probing). Results: Pain perception on injection assessed with Wong-Baker scale was significantly different between buffered lignocaine and lignocaine (P < 0.001) and between buffered lignocaine and articaine (P = 0.041). The onset of anesthesia was lowest for buffered lignocaine, with a statistically significant difference between buffered lignocaine and lignocaine (P < 0.001). Moreover, the efficacy of local analgesia assessed using objective signs was significantly different between buffered lignocaine and lignocaine (P < 0.001) and between lignocaine and articaine. Conclusion: Buffered lignocaine was the least painful and the most efficacious anesthetic agent during the inferior alveolar nerve block injection in 5-10-year-old patients.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.245-264
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• 2024

Computer-controlled local anesthesia delivery (CCLAD) is an innovative electronic injection device that represents a cutting-edge approach to dental anesthesia. This system is promising for painless anesthesia using controlled anesthetic injections. This review aimed to compare the discomfort experienced by patients during local anesthesia using a traditional syringe and the CCLAD system and evaluate the potential of the CCLAD system as a painless dental anesthesia solution. The inclusion criteria for this study were based on the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The study population, including children and adults, underwent dental anesthesia using the CCLAD system, ensuring a comprehensive and representative sample that instills confidence in the validity of the results. Fourteen clinical trials were included in the analysis after they fulfilled the eligibility criteria. We found that using computer-assisted anesthetic equipment not only led to a significantly lower pain perception score, but also had a profound positive impact on patient behavior. Patients using the CCLAD device exhibited more cooperative and helpful conduct, indicating the system's effectiveness in improving patient comfort and experience and reassuring the audience about its positive impact. In conclusion, using a computer-assisted anesthetic device such as the CCLAD system significantly reduced pain perception scores and improved patient behavior, making them more cooperative and helpful. These findings offer hope for pediatric dentistry and apprehensive adult patients, suggesting a more comfortable and less daunting dental experience with the CCLAD system.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.141-156
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• 2000

Prognosis in oriental medicine gathers information by four examination methods. It provides important information to understand the degree of deficiency - excessiveness of a patient to treat properly. To generalize the degree of deficiency - excessiveness can be found by seeing the patient's muscle response and pain perception to the palpitations.The theoretical basis to generalize deficiency - excessiveness, oriental and western medical understanding of pain perception and the elasticity of muscle were discussed.The usual symptoms for the excessiveness could include Pain (dislikeness to the palpitation), Stiffness of nape and limbs, Contracture of the limbs, Clonic convulsion and Fast pain. The symptoms for the deficiency could include Pain (likeness to the palpitation, Gastrocnemius muscle spasm, Flaccid paralysis of limbs and Slow pain. More theoretical bases for generalization of deficiency - excessiveness are needed along with the simplifying the complex clinical symptoms. In this way, we can discuss about deficiency - excessiveness with the regard to western medicine to help its generalization.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2019

Background: Steroid injections are commonly used in pain clinics to relieve pain and treat inflammation. In Korea, these steroid injections are well known as 'ppyeojusa', which means to inject into the bone in Korean. Some patients often have a negative perception of this treatment method due to inaccurate information about the treatment and side effects of steroids. The purpose of this study is to investigate patients' perception and knowledge of ppyeojusa. Methods: A questionnaire about ppyeojusa was completed by patients who visited one of the pain clinics in nine university hospitals, from August 1 to September 10, 2017. Results: Three-hundred seventy-four patients completed the survey. Eighty-five percent of patients had had ppyeojusa, and 74% of the respondents had heard of ppyeojusa from the mass media, friends or relatives. Only 39% of the patients answered that this injection was safe without side effects if properly spaced. Of the patients surveyed, 21% responded that ppyeojusa are "injections into the bone"; while 15% responded that ppyeojusa are "terrible injections that melted 'the bone if used a lot'". Half of the patients did not know what the active constituent is in ppyeojusa. If steroid injections are advised by the pain specialists, 89% of the patients would consent. Conclusions: Most pain clinic patients have heard of ppyeojusa. Most patients obtained information about ppyeojusa from mass media, rather than their physicians. Therefore, it is likely that most patients have inaccurate knowledge.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1294-1305
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to identify the attitude of nursing students' toward death using Q-methodology and to obtain baseline data to improve nursing students' education program on death. Twenty-nine participants at a college classified 40 Q-statements on a one to nine scale. The resultant Q-sort was a matrix representing the participant's operant subjectivity on the issue under consideration. The results of above procedures were analyzed by PQ Method. The results revealed that there are three types of perception about nursing students' attitudes toward the death. The categories were labeled positive-perspective, pain-avoid and preparation-deficiency. Positive-perspective individuals have a positive sense of their life and death. Thus, they would not fear death, believing in an after-life world, while being positive towards donation of intestines after death. Pain-avoid individuals hope life and death without pain. Preparation-deficiency individuals are unprepared to die. In conclusion, this study discovers three types of the perception about nursing students' attitudes toward the perception of death. By identifying the nature of each of these types, this study can be useful to develop efficient strategies for education program on death.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.210-221
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify relationships between a preoperative video program as nursing intervention and the perception of postoperative pain. The subjects consisted of an experimental group of 17 children and a control group of 13 children, for a total of 30 patients who were admitted the ENT Department for tonsilectomies. Data were collected from August 1, 1993 to September 31. The video program was made by the pediatric operating theater nursing staff. Postoperative painwas measured using the Face Pain Rating Scales devised by Beyer in 1984. The data were analyzed by a SPSS using frequencies, means, percentages, t-test and ANOVA to analyze the variables and demographic characteristics. The results of this study are as follows : The hypothesis, “Score of the experimental group which was shown the preoperative video program as a nursing intervention will be lower than the control group which did not see the video in postoperative pain perception.” was rejected by t=-.42, p>.05. No significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group according demographic characteristics. From the above findings, this study suggests the following : 1. Further studies as randomized control-group pretest-posttest design are needed to control the extraneous variables. 2. A review will be suggested to be done by the preoperative video program as nursing intervention and an exploration to improve preoperative nursing care for pediatric patients with the inclusion such activities as preoperative visiting, operation theater tour etc.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2018

Objective: This study was performed to compare the perception of pain between patients treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances and those treated with Invisalign aligners. Methods: This prospective study conducted in Saudi Arabia used an estimated sample of 64 patients from a private dental clinic. After obtaining written informed consent, the patients were divided into two groups; one group (n = 32) was treated using passive self-ligating fixed appliances and the other group (n = 32) using $Invisalign^{(R)}$ aligners. Immediately after fitting the appliances, the patients' perception of pain was evaluated through a close-ended and coded self-administrated questionnaire by using a visual analog scale (VAS). Their responses were recorded at 4 hours, 24 hours, day 3, and day 7. Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis. Results: A lower percentage of patients treated with Invisalign aligners reported pain than did patients treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances, and these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Similarly, the mean VAS score for the Invisalign group was significantly lower than that for the passive self-ligating fixed appliance group at different intervals during the first week of treatment. The intensity of pain with both appliances peaked at 24 hours (mean VAS score, 3.87) and was lowest (mean VAS score, 1.62) on day 7. Conclusions: During the first week of orthodontic treatment, patients treated with Invisalign aligners reported lower pain than did those treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances.

• 대한의료기공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2023

Objective : This paper provides a narrative review of the research literature on the neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms of local vibration while studying the treatment principles and mechanisms of Whidam's vibrator Sugi therapy. Methods : Searches related to vibration therapy research were conducted in PUBMED using "Vibration", "Whole Body Vibration", "Localized Vibration", and "Focal Vibration". The Conditions were limited to review and systematic review. Results : Roberto Casale's paper was selected as an inquiry task and reviewed critically and narratively by referring to other papers. The stimulation process of local vibration (LV) was broadly classified into receptor transmission (pain reception phase), ascending sensory pathway to the spinal cord (segmental phase), and action of the cortex and subcortical structures (systemic control phase) according to the pain pathway. In addition, the role of C-tactile mechanoreceptors, changes in neurotransmitters and neurohormones, LV stimulation below perception threshold (lower threshold), pain control and kinesiologic illusions were specially addressed. In addition, the expression and function of Piezo Channels were added to supplement the human pain and tactile sensing mechanism. Conclusions : LV exerts pain control mechanisms through different interactions that can interfere with pain transmission and pain perception. Since LV provides sufficient neurophysiological reasons for clinical application, it is necessary to expand the use of Whidam's vibrator Sugi therapy to a wider range of clinical applications.