• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1567-1587
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• 2014

Virtual Machine (VM) resource management is crucial to satisfy the Quality of Service (QoS) demands of various multimedia services in a media cloud platform. To this end, this paper presents a VM resource allocation model that dynamically and optimally utilizes VM resources to satisfy QoS requirements of media-rich cloud services or applications. It additionally maintains high system utilization by avoiding the over-provisioning of VM resources to services or applications. The objective is to 1) minimize the number of physical machines for cost reduction and energy saving; 2) control the processing delay of media services to improve response time; and 3) achieve load balancing or overall utilization of physical resources. The proposed VM allocation is mapped into the multidimensional bin-packing problem, which is NP-complete. To solve this problem, we have designed a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model, as well as heuristics for quantitatively optimizing the VM allocation. The simulation results show that our scheme outperforms the existing VM allocation schemes in a media cloud environment, in terms of cost reduction, response time reduction and QoS guarantee.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2024

Recently, static analysis-based signature and pattern detection technologies have limitations due to the advanced IT technologies. Moreover, It is a compatibility problem of multiple architectures and an inherent problem of signature and pattern detection. Malicious codes use obfuscation and packing techniques to hide their identity, and they also avoid existing static analysis-based signature and pattern detection techniques such as code rearrangement, register modification, and branching statement addition. In this paper, We propose an LLVM IR image-based automated static analysis of malicious code technology using machine learning to solve the problems mentioned above. Whether binary is obfuscated or packed, it's decompiled into LLVM IR, which is an intermediate representation dedicated to static analysis and optimization. "Therefore, the LLVM IR code is converted into an image before being fed to the CNN-based transfer learning algorithm ResNet50v2 supported by Keras". As a result, we present a model for image-based detection of malicious code.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.110-113
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• 2008

Embedded capacitor technology is one of the effective packing technologies for further miniaturization and higher performance of electric packaging system. In this paper, the embedded capacitors were simulated and fabricated in 8-layered printed circuit board employing standard PCB processes. The composites of barium titanante($BaTiO_3$) powder and epoxy resin were employed for the dielectric materials in embedded capacitors. Theoretical considerations regarding the embedded capacitors have been paid to understand the frequency dependent impedance behavior. Frequency dependent impedance of simulated and fabricated embedded capacitors was investigated. Fabricated embedded capacitors have lower self resonance frequency values than that of the simulated embedded capacitors due to the increased parasitic inductance values. Frequency dependent capacitances of fabricated embedded capacitors were well matched with those of simulated embedded capacitors from the 100MHz to 10GHz range. Quality factor of 20 was observed and simulated at 2GHz range in the 10 pF embedded capacitors. Temperature dependent capacitance of fabricated embedded capacitors was presented.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.151-158
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• 2023

The researchers entirely focused on meta-heuristic method for generalized assignment problem(GAP) that is known as NP-hard problem because of the optimal solution within polynomial time algorithm is unknown yet. On the other hand, this paper proposes a heuristic greedy algorithm with rules for finding solutions. Firstly, this paper reduces the weight matrix of original data to w_ij ≤ b_i/l in order to n jobs(items) pack m machines(bins) with l = n/m. The maximum profit of each job was assigned to the machine for the reduced data. Secondly, the allocation was adjusted so that the sum of the weights assigned to each machine did not exceed the machine capacity. Finally, the k-opt swap optimization was performed to maximize the profit. The proposed algorithm is applied to 50 benchmarking data, and the best known solution for about 1/3 data is to solve the problem. The remaining 2/3 data showed comparable results to metaheuristic techniques. Therefore, the proposed algorithm shows the possibility that rules for finding solutions in polynomial time exist for GAP. Experiments demonstrate that it can be a P-problem from an NP-hard.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.12-19
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• 1993

In general, the line balancing problem is defined as of finding an assignment of the given jobs to the workstations under the precedence constraints given to the set of jobs. Usually, the objective is either minimizing the cycle time under the given number of workstations or minimizing the number of workstations under the given cycle time. In this paper, we present a new type of an assembly line balancing problem which occurs in an electronics company manufacturing home appliances. The main difference of the problem compared to the general line balancing problem lies in the structure of the precedence given to the set of jobs. In the problem, the set of jobs is partitioned into two disjoint subjects. One is called the set of fixed jobs and the other, the set of floating jobs. The fixed jobs should be processed in the linear order and some pair of the jobs should not be assigned to the same workstations. Whereas, to each floating job, a set of ranges is given. The range is given in terms of two fixed jobs and it means that the floating job can be processed after the first job is processed and before the second job is processed. There can be more than one range associated to a floating job. We present a procedure to find an approximate solution to the problem. The procedure consists of two major parts. One is to find the assignment of the floating jobs under the given (feasible) assignment of the fixed jobs. The problem can be viewed as a constrained bin packing problem. The other is to find the assignment of the whole jobs under the given linear precedence on the set of the floating jobs. First problem is NP-hard and we devise a heuristic procedure to the problem based on the transportation problem and matching problem. The second problem can be solved in polynomial time by the shortest path method. The algorithm works in iterative manner. One step is composed of two phases. In the first phase, we solve the constrained bin packing problem. In the second phase, the shortest path problem is solved using the phase 1 result. The result of the phase 2 is used as an input to the phase 1 problem at the next step. We test the proposed algorithm on the set of real data found in the washing machine assembly line.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2014

This study has been performed for about 270 days at analyzing biologically hazardous factors in order to develop HACCP system for the non heat-frozen carrot juice. A process chart was prepared by manufacturing process of raw agricultural products of non heat-frozen carrot juice, which was contained water and packing material, storage, washing, cutting, extraction of the juice, internal packing, metal detection, external packing, storage and consignment (delivery). As a result of measuring Coliform group, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria Monocytogenes, Enterohemorrhagic E. coli before and after washing raw carrot, Standard plate count was $4.7{\times}10^4CFU/g$ before washing but it was $1.2{\times}10^2CFU/g$ detected after washing. As a result of testing airborne bacteria (Standard plate count, Coliform group, Yeast and Fungal) depending on each workplace, number of microorganism of in packaging room, shower room and juice extraction room was detected to be 10 CFU/Plate, 60 CFU/Plate, 20 CFU/Plate, respectively. As a result of testing palm condition of workers, as number of Standard plate count, Coliform group and Staphylococcus aureus was represented to be high as $6{\times}10^4CFU/cm^2$, $0CFU/cm^2$ and $0CFU/cm^2$, respectively, an education and training for individual sanitation control was considered to be required. As a result of inspecting surface pollution level of manufacturing facility and devices, Coliform group was not detected in all the specimen but Standard plate count was most dominantly detected in scouring kier, scouring kier tray, cooling tank, grinding extractor, storage tank and packaging machine-nozzle as $8.00{\times}10CFU/cm^2$, $3.0{\times}10CFU/cm^2$, $4.3{\times}10^2CFU/cm^2$, $7.5{\times}10^2CFU/cm^2$, $6.0{\times}10CFU/cm^2$, $8.5{\times}10^2CFU/cm^2$ respectively. As a result of analyzing above hazardous factors, processing process of ultraviolet ray sterilizing where pathogenic bacteria may be prevented, reduced or removed is required to be controlled by CCP-B (Biological) and critical level (critical control point) was set at flow speed is 4L/min. Therefore, it is considered that thorough HACCP control plan including control criteria (point) of seasoning fluid processing process, countermeasures in case of its deviation, its verification method, education/training and record control would be required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.19-34
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• 1997

The goals of this study are to suggest the guidance for automated clothing manufacture by analysis the technology of the automated manufacturing facilities and to propose how improve the efficiency of the production planning and management for automated clothing manufacture In this study, the research about the automated clothing manufacturing machines and the analysis about the modules and functions of apparel information systems were performed. In order to understand the factory automation of the larger clothing firms, the case study method was used. The case study samples were 3 clothing firms. The results and suggestions are as follows: 1. An information technology for automated clothing manufacture has enabled the computer integrated manufacturing system to connect production planning and management part with each work station on the factory floor. 2. The apparel information system to integrate and manage manufacturing informations from each workstation and the apparel CAD system are used in the department of production planning. At the cutting room, there are automated manufacturing machines like an automatic spreading system and an automatic cutting system. Sewing room has the computer controlled unit production system and semi-automated sewing machines. In addition, in the finishing room, an automatic packing machine and a press system are used and besides a warehousing system has been developed. Considering these available technology, for better product efficiency, it is necessary to consider and utilize the specific character of these automatic manufacturing machines and computer system whether they proper to each product style. 3. Most of the clothing manufacturers are in the stage of semi-automated manufacture. In order to improve the manufacturing environment, it is needed to gradual procedure of manufacturing automation with considering the firm's financial condition, existing facilities and staffs operating machines. The case study sample firms are in the high degree of manufacturing automation. They can accomplish the flexible manufacturing system to link the information system with each work station menufacturing system by computerized control. For the case of the firm having already used the computer integrated manufacturing and managing system, it is necessary that the function to deal with drawing information is added to the retaining module of the apparel system.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.113-119
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of surface tretment on strength of denture repair as influenced by repair resin. Specimens were fabricated from VERTEX heat cured resin. Rectangular specimens($60\times10\times3mm$) were prepared according to the manufacturer's instruction for mixing and packing the resin into molds. Two methods of surface treatment were used and two methods of repair were also tested. The transverse strength of the resin was measured before repair and after repair by AUTOGRAPH testing machine. Six specimens of each category were prepared for testing for a total of 24 specimens. The mean value of the percent of recovery was calculated from the percent of recovery for six specimens. The results were as follows : 1. The mean value of the percent of recovery of each category makes a significant difference statistically one another(p<0.01), and "C" category, chloroform solvent-heat cured resin, has a better effect on repair srength than any other. 2. When no chloroform is used to treat the fractured surface there is no significant difference between the mean values of the percent of recovery influenced by the self curing resin and heat cured resin. But, when chloroform is used there is a significant difference between the two repair resins(p<0.01). 3. When self curing resin repair is used there is no significant difference between repair with and without the surface treatment of chloroform. But, when heat cured resin repair is used the use of chloroform treatment become significant statistically (p<0.01).

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.364-370
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• 2009

The curing kinetics and mechanical properties of siloxane-diaminodiphenylmethane (ETSO-DDM) on the two kinds of bisphenol (BPH) system which are DGEBA and DGEBF were investigated with the different contents of ETSO. To investigate the curing kinetics of the ETSO-DDM/BPH systems, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used. The mechanical properties of ETSO-DDM/BPH systems were also examined by universal testing machine (UTM), tensile test and flexural test. From experimental results, the activation energies and mechanical properties of ETSO-DDM/BPH were improved with the decrease contents of ETSO. This was due to the high cross-linking density made from short length of ETSO-DDM, resulting in improving the mechanical inter-locking between ETSO-DDM and BPH in these systems.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.39-59
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• 2011

In this article, I would like to analyze the conditions in applying the LCC method for each construction type by selecting 10 apartment complexes among the Turn-key projects which have been ongoing for the last 5 years. In addition, this article will identify the problems to the application of double landscape architecture and suggest improvement measures. Among the 10 case targets, a total of 151 LCC analyses were conducted, and the average application ratio placing for each construction type was shown in the following order: architecture (34.4%)> electricity (21.2%)>machine (18.5%)>civil engineering (13.2%)>landscape architecture (12.6%). As numbers show, landscape architecture was the lowest. The ratio of LCC reduction amount was shown in the following order: machine (32.1%)> architecture (23.9%)>electricity (23.4%)>civil engineering (17.5%)>landscape architecture (3.1%). The field of landscape architecture had a reduction amount that was about 5 to 6 times lower than civil engineering which had a similar number of LCC analysis cases. The total LCC analysis items of landscape architecture was 19, including 15 double packing material, 1 building covering, 1 grass planting, 1 planting infrastructure, and 1 facility. The following measures were suggested to promote LCC analysis in landscape architecture: first, set an analysis item that considers the construction expense ratio of landscape architecture; second, legal regulation of landscape architecture and expansion of its application; third, prepare VE/LCC standards which are suitable for landscape architecture.