• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.194-199
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• 2007

In this paper, a slotted CDMA_ALOHA protocol with hybrid ARQ is proposed for the wireless CDMA communication networks. The proposed protocol combines the characteristics of the slotted ALOHA, CDMA, and the hybrid ARQ, in order to increase the throughput by reducing the number of retransmissions when the channel experiences heavy traffic. The main feature of the proposed protocol is the utilization of the forward error correction capability to correct errors that appear after the CDMA dispreading of the packets. The base station does not need to ask so often for retransmission of erroneous packets. It will request for retransmission only when the FEC capability is exceeded. The performance of the proposed protocol is analyzed by considering the packet collision probability as well as the bit error probability. The numerical results show that the system throughput is closely related to the bit error rate of the wireless link and the FEC coding rate.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2002

Multicast protocols are efficient methods of group communication such as video conference, Internet broadcasting and On-Line Game, but they do not support the various transmission protocol services like a reliability guarantee, FTP, or Telnet that TCPs do. The Purpose or this Paper is to find a method to utilize multicast routers can simultaneously transport multicast packets and TCP packets. For multicast network scalability and error recovery the existing SRM(Scalable Reliable Multicast)method has been used. Three packets per TCP transmission control window site are used for transport and an ACK is used for flow control. A CBR(Constant Bit Rate) and a SRM is used for UDP traffic control. Divided on whether a UDP multicast packet and TCP unicast packet is used simultaneously or only a UDP multicast packet transport is used, the multicast receiver with the longest delay is measured on the number of packets and its data receiving rate. It can be seen that the UDP packet and the TCP's IP packet can be simultaneously used in a server router.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.29-32
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• 2001

This paper has simulated the PER(Packet Error Rate), ratio of received packet and payload BER of Bluetooth system with packet types of ACL(Asynchronous Connection Less) and SCO(Synchronous Connection Oriented) link over wireless Ad-hoc environment. AWGN(Additive White Gaussian Noise) and Rayleigh fading are considered as channel model, and the analysis is based on the baseband model of Bluetooth system. In terms of PER and ratio of received packet, performance of DM1 packet is almost same as those of HV1, HV2 and HV3 packets, the performances of the other packets depend on the packet types. In terms of payload BER performance, there is no difference among HV2 packet of SCO link and DM1, DM3, DM5 packets of ACL link. Moreover, there is no difference among HV3 packet of SCO link and DM1, DM3, DM5 packets of ACL link, too.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.21 no.A
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• pp.59-64
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• 2001

This paper analyzes the performance of the several types of ACL(Asynchronous ConnectionLess) packets used in Bluetooth according to a BER(Bit Error Rate) and a packet length and proposes an optimal packet type and an optimal size of the packet being able to be used under the given BER. This paper proposes how to obtain the optimal packet type and the optimal size of the packet maximizing the performance measure under the given BER. In addition, this paper shows that the optimal type and size of the packet maximizing the throughput are different from those maximizing the mean transmission time. This occurs because the Bluetooth uses not only one type of packet but also various types of packets.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2011

In the underwater communications, the acoustic channel is in poor communication conditions, such as long propagation delay, narrow bandwidth, and high bit-error rate. For these bad acoustic channels, we propose an efficient automatic repeat request (ARQ) for multi-hop underwater network by using the concepts of concurrent bi-directional transmission, multiple sub-packets, and overhearing data packet instead of the acknowledgement signal. Our results show that the proposed ARQ significantly reduces the transmission latency especially in high BER compared with the existing Stop and Wait ARQ.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.410-418
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• 2022

Channel reliability estimation for iterative codes such as turbo codes is very important factor in time varying underwater acoustic channel, an incorrect estimation of channel reliability induced performance degradation. Therefore, this paper presents an optimal channel reliability estimation method for turbo coded FSK signal with rate of 1/3. The estimated BER algorithm is a method that can estimate the reliability of received data by comparing received data and decoded data, and we determine optimal channel reliability by using the method. In order to analyze the performance, the experiment was conducted on a lake in Munkyeong city by moving in the range of 300 m to 500 m. At the result of applying presented method to failed decoding packets, we confirm all packets are decoded successfully.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1016-1030
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• 2018

In this paper, an error-detection-coding-aided iterative hard decision interference cancellation (EDC-IHIC) scheme for multiple-input multiple-output systems employing hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) for multi-packet transmission is developed and investigated. In the EDC-IHIC scheme, only packets identified as error-free by the EDC are submitted to the interference cancellation (IC) stage for cancellation from the received signals. Therefore, the possibility of error propagation, including inter-transmission error propagation, can be eliminated using EDC-IHIC. Because EDC must be implemented in systems that employ HARQ to determine packet retransmission, error propagation can be prevented without the need for additional redundancy. The results of simulations conducted herein verify that the EDC-IHIC scheme outperforms conventional hard decision IC schemes in terms of the packet error rate in various environments.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.489-498
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• 2005

For better performance over a noisy channel, mobile wireless networks transmit packets with forward error correction (FEC) code to recover corrupt bits without retransmission. The static determination of the FEC code size, however, degrades their performance since the evaluation of the underlying channel state is hardly accurate and even widely varied. Our measurements over a wireless sensor network, for example, show that the average bit error rate (BER) per second or per minute continuously changes from 0 up to $10^{-3}$. Under this environment, wireless networks waste their bandwidth since they can't deterministically select the appropriate size of FEC code matching to the fluctuating channel BER. This paper proposes an adaptive FEC technique called adaptive FEC code control (AFECCC), which dynamically tunes the amount of FEC code per packet based on the arrival of acknowl­edgement packets without any specific information such as signal to noise ratio (SNR) or BER from receivers. Our simulation experiments indicate that AFECCC performs better than any static FEC algorithm and some conventional dynamic hybrid FEC/ARQ algorithms when wireless channels are modeled with two-state Markov chain, chaotic map, and traces collected from real sensor networks. Finally, AFECCC implemented in sensor motes achieves better performance than any static FEC algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.1483-1486
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• 2002

Multicast protocols are efficient methods of group communication, but they do not support the various transmission protocol services like a reliability guarantee, FTP, or Telnet that TCPs do. The purpose of this dissertation is to find a method to utilize sewer routers to form multicasts that can simultaneously transport multicast packets and TCP packets. For multicast network scalability and error recovery the existing SRM method has been used. Three packets per TCP transmission control window size are used for transport and an ACK is used for flow control. A CBR and a SRM is used for UDP traffic control. Divided on whether a UDP multicast packet and TCP unicast packet is used simultaneously or only a UDP multicast packet transport is used, the multicast receiver with the longest delay is measured on the number of packets and its data receiving rate. It can be seen that the UDP packet and the TCP's IP packet can be simultaneously used in a server router.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.9A
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• pp.1465-1474
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 BER(Bit Error Rate)과 패킷 길이에 따라 블루투스의 다양한 ACL(Asynchronous Connection Less) 패킷 종류들의 성능을 분석하였고 주어진 BER에서 적합한 패킷의 최적 종류와 길이를 제안하였다. ACL 패킷 중 DM(Data Medium Rate) 형은 1/3FEC과 2/3FEC과 ARQ 방식을 사용하지만 DH(Data High rate) 형은 2/3FEC과 ARQ만을 사용한다. 이러한 특징은 잡음이 존재하는 무선 링크 상에서 메시지의 평균 전송 시간과 처리율과 같은 성능 지표에 영향을 준다. 이러한 ACL 패킷의 PER(Packet Error Rate)을 무선 링크의 BER과 패킷 유료부하 길이의 항으로 제시하고 PER과 이에 따른 ARQ 방법에서의 재전송 회수를 고려하여 메시지의 평균 전송시간 및 전송 효율을 구하는 방법을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서는 이를 이용하여 주어진 BER에서 성능 지표를 최대화하는 ACL 패킷의 최적 종류와 최적 길이를 제시하였다. 이를 기초로 전송 효율을 최대화하는 최적 패킷의 종류와 길이가 평균 전송 시간을 최소화하는 패킷의 종류와 길이는 다르다는 것을 보였다.