• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

This study checks if the PITR (Person in the Rain) test can diagnose the stress caused by school-work for middle school students, in that the PITR responses correlates with the degree of stress. The subjects in the study are 483 middle school thirdgraders from 8 middle schools in Daegu city. Research tools used are an Academic Stress Scale and a PITR test. For data analysis is adopted with t-test and Chi-square test. The results from the study are as follows. First, the stress of middle students scores 2.47/4 that means that the school stress is average, and there is no gender difference in scores. Second, PITR test shows that boys draw more rain than girls, straight rain with stronger wind, hide face more, no good facial expressions more often than girls. Girls on the contrary show more stable lines, bigger puddles, place protections more appropriately. Third, those with higher academic stress use more unstable strokes, less number of or insufficient direct protections than those with less academic stress, and draw indirect protection such as umbrellas before rain or clouds. The study concludes that a PITR test can be useful in diagnosing the academic stress of middle school students.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2014

This study is to notify differences of PITR reaction groups classified by industrial accident. This study aims to know reaction of stress, preparation plan, and psychological resources on industrial accident workers. The research was performed as below: First, Measuring and descriptive statistical analysis were performed. twenty workers who were hospitalized by industrial accidents and twenty patients who were hospitalized by common accidents. Data were collected from March to October in 2013. Then There were classified Two groups following subjects; 'industrial accident' and 'common accident'. Second, Questionaries assessing demographic and PITR(Person-In-The-Rain) by Heidi S. Lack. Third, statistical analysis was done by SPSS for Window 18.0. To Verify the reliability of the measures and correlations between two groups, and to find out the difference of the reaction of 'stress', 'preparation plan', and 'psychological resource', were used frequency analysis and T-test. The results of this is significant personality types of industrial accident are followings; Industrial accident workers' felt more stressful, less self esteem, and less psychological resource than common accident patients.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.143-154
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of applying a group art therapy program on self-esteem and stress for adolescents who are maladjusted to school. The subjects of this study were 6 school maladjusted adolescents enrolled in the second year of B middle school in A region, and the period was from May 12 to June 9, 2021, twice a week, for a total of 10 sessions of 60 minutes each. As a research tool, the Self-Esteem Scale(SEI) and the Person-In-The-Rain(PITR) were examined to observe the students. For data analysis, Wilcoxon test was conducted to examine the change in self-esteem, and the Person-In-The-Rain(PITR) was qualitatively analyzed to observe stress by two art therapists. The results of this study were first, that the group art therapy program had a significant effect on improving the self-esteem of adolescents and second, the group art therapy program was effective in reducing the stress. In conclusion, group art therapy can be seen to help improve self-esteem and reduce stress in school maladjusted adolescents.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.876-884
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• 2016

Objective: To report a case of a patient with a psychosomatic disorder who complained of hyperventilation and was treated with oriental medical treatments and emotional freedom techniques (EFTs). Methods: The patient was diagnosed as having a psychosomatic disorder through an interview and several psychological tests, such as the house-tree-person (HTP) and the person in the rain (PITR) tests. We treated the patient with oriental medical treatments that included herbal medications, western medications, moxibustion, cupping, and EFT. Results: After the treatments, the clinical symptoms of the patient were improved. Conclusions: Oriental medical treatments and EFT may be effective treatments for psychosomatic disorders.