• 제목/요약/키워드: PH-type

검색결과 182건 처리시간 0.03초

Phase-type 수리시간을 갖는 무기체계의 적정예비품수 결정 (The Optimal Spare Level of a Weapon System having Phase-type Repair Time)

  • 윤혁;이상진
    • 경영과학
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.145-156
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    • 2009
  • The probability distribution of the repair process should be determined to choose the optimal spare level of a weapon system with a queueing model. Though most weapon systems have a multi-step repair process, previous studies use the exponential distribution for the multi-step repair process. But the PH distribution is more appropriate for this case. We utilize the PH distribution on a queueing model and solve it with MGM(Matrix Geometric Method). We derive the optimal spare level using the PH distribution and show the difference of results between the PH and exponential distribution.

Performance Analysis of a Loss Retrial BMAP/PH/N System

  • Kim Che-Soong;Oh Young-Jin
    • 한국산업정보학회논문지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 2004
  • This paper investigates the mathematical model of multi-server retrial queueing system with the Batch Markovian Arrival Process (BMAP), the Phase type (PH) service distribution and the finite buffer. The sufficient condition for the steady state distribution existence and the algorithm for calculating this distribution are presented. Finally, a formula to solve loss probability in the case of complete admission discipline is derived.

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Approximation of M/G/c Retrial Queue with M/PH/c Retrial Queue

  • Shin, Yang-Woo;Moon, Dug-Hee
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.169-175
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    • 2012
  • The sensitivity of the performance measures such as the mean and the standard deviation of the queue length and the blocking probability with respect to the moments of the service time are numerically investigated. The service time distribution is fitted with phase type(PH) distribution by matching the first three moments of service time and the M/G/c retrial queue is approximated by the M/PH/c retrial queue. Approximations are compared with the simulation results.

The Optimal Warranty Servicing for Repairable Products with Phase-Type Lifetime Distributions

  • Kim, Ho-Gyun
    • 한국경영과학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.87-99
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    • 1997
  • This paper considers warranty servicing for repairable products when product lifetimes are phase-type(PH) distributions. Two replace-repair strategies are analyzed based on renwal processes. The quantities of interest can be expressed in terms of the renewal function which, in general, is very difficult to evaluate. By exploiting properties of PH distributions we obtain simplification to evaluate these performance measures. Numerical examples for four different PH distributions with typical functions are presented and the results are discussed.

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최소 표현 라플라스 변환에 기초한 단계형 확률변수의 시뮬레이션에 관한 연구 (Simulation of the Phase-Type Distribution Based on the Minimal Laplace Transform)

  • 김선교
    • 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 2024
  • 단계형 확률분포는 마코프 체인이 특정 상태로 흡수되는 시점까지 거쳐가는 여러 단계에서 체재하는 시간들의 합으로 정의되며 대기행렬 시스템과 신뢰성 분석 모형 등에 광범위하게 사용된다. 연속적 단계형 분포의 경우 흡수 상태로 진입하기까지 거쳐가는 각각의 단계에서의 체재 시간이 지수분포를 따르므로 연속적 단계형 분포는 다양한 지수분포들의 합 또는 볼록 결합으로 나타낼 수 있다. 단계형 분포를 생성하는 가장 일반적이면서도 직관적인 방법은 마코비안 표현방법이라 불리는 초기 확률벡터와 전이 생성행렬에 의해 주어지는 조건부 확률을 이용하는 것이다. 적률이 주어진 상황에서 단계형 변수를 생성하는 방법에 대한 기존의 연구들은 대부분 적률을 마코비안 표현방법으로 변환하는 것을 전제로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 적률을 마코비안 표현방법으로 변환하지 않고 확률 분포함수를 결정하여 단계형 확률변수를 생성하는 방법에 대해 살펴보고 마코프 표현을 사용하는 기존의 방법 대신에 조단 분해법과 최소 표현 라플라스 변환을 이용하여 2계 단계형 확률변수를 분포함수를 결정하는 공식과 절차를 제시한다. 이러한 접근 방법은 고차원의 단계형 확률분포를 이용하여 대기행렬의 시뮬레이션을 하는 경우에 마코비안 표현방법의 전이행렬을 결정하여 변수를 생성하는 경우보다 효율적이다.

Synthesis, X-Ray Crystal Structure and Coupling Reactions of 4,5-($1^{\prime},2^{\prime}$-diphenylethylenedithio)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione (dPhEDT-DTT)

  • 이하진;노동윤
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.340-344
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    • 1998
  • A facile synthesis of 4,5-(1',2'-diphenylethylenedithio)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione (dPhEDT-DTT) is carried out via a Diels-Alder type [2+4] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3-dithiol-2,4,5-trithione oligomer and t-stilbene. Molecular structure of dPhEDT-DTT is determined by x-ray crystallography: space group P1, a=11.694(3) Å, b=12.117(3) Å, c=14.688(3) Å, α=113.12(2)°, β=102.23(2)°, γ=107.02(2)°, V= 1699.1(7) Å3, Z=2. It turns out that dPhEDT-DTT crystallizes as a racemic compound consisting of (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomers. Coupling reaction of dPhEDT-DTO undergone in neat P(OEt)3 yields TTF(SEt)4 instead of ET derivative. When PR3 (R=OEt, OPh, Ph) is used in benzene, toluene or xylene, however, dPhEDT-DTO is decomposed.

벼멸구의 섭식 패턴과 벼 조직내에서 구침의 이동 (Electrical Feeding Patterns and Stylet Movement of Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Homoptera), in the Rice Tissues)

  • 윤영남;장영덕
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.208-217
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    • 1993
  • 벼멸구의 식이행동을 전기적인 측정 방법을 통하여 관찰하였으며 이들을 각각의 특성에 따라 분류하였고, 그결과 type P, S, SB, O, X, Ph 등 6가지로 나누어 볼 수 있었다. Type P는 벼멸구가 식물에체 처음 접근하여 기주를 탐색할 때 볼 수 있었으며, 구침을 조직내에 찔어 넣거나조직내에서 이동할 때에는 type S를 관찰 할 수 있었다. 또한 매우 규칙적인 S패턴은 체관부에 구침을 찔어 넣을때만 볼 수 있어 type SB로 따로이 분류하였다. X와 Ph패턴은 각각 물관부와 채관부에서 흡즙할 때 나타나는 것을 확인하였으며, type O는 기타 다른 조직내에 구침이 있을 때 이러한 전기적 패턴을 보여 주었다. 이러한 각각의 전기적 패턴을 확인하기 위하여 원하는 패턴이 나타날 때에 식흔이 있는 벼의 조직을 잘라서 현미경으로 관찰하였으며, 각각의 타입별로 벼멸구 배설물을 측정하였다.

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STABILITY OF MAP/PH/c/K QUEUE WITH CUSTOMER RETRIALS AND SERVER VACATIONS

  • Shin, Yang Woo
    • 대한수학회보
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    • 제53권4호
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    • pp.985-1004
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    • 2016
  • We consider the MAP/PH/c/K queue in which blocked customers retry to get service and servers may take vacations. The time interval between retrials and vacation times are of phase type (PH) distributions. Using the method of mean drift, a sufficient condition of ergodicity is provided. A condition for the system to be unstable is also given by the stochastic comparison method.

Transformation of the Edible Basidiomycete, Pleurotus ostreatus to Phleomycin Resistance

  • Kim, Beom-Gi;Joh, Jung-Ho;Yoo, Young-Bok;Magae, Yumi
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.42-45
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    • 2003
  • For transformation of Pleurotus ostreatus, two novel vectors, pPhKM1 and pPhKM2, were constructed, using the regulatory sequences of the P. sajor-caju $\beta$-tubulin gene(TUB1) and the ble gene encoding phleomycin binding protein. pPhKM1 contains ble fused to the TUB1 promoter and the Schizophyllum commune GPD terminator. pPhKM2 contains ble fused to the promoter and terminator regions of P. sajor-caju TUB1. To confirm phleomycin-resistance activity, each vector was cotrans-formed with pTRura3-2 into the P. ostreatus homokaryotic $ura^-$ strain. The transforming DNA was stably integrated into the genomic DNA. Subsequently, phleomycin resistance was conferred on wild-type dikaryotic P. ostreatus by transformation with pPhKM1 or pPhKM2. This transformation system generated stable phleomycin-resistant transformants.

Pulmonary hypertension in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

  • Kim, Gi-Beom
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제53권6호
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    • pp.688-693
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    • 2010
  • An increase in the number of preterm infants and a decrease in the gestational age at birth have resulted in an increase in the number of patients with significant bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH contributes significantly to the high morbidity and mortality in the BPD patients. Therefore, regular monitoring for PH by using echocardiography and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal-proBNP must be conducted in the BPD patients with greater than moderate degree to prevent PH and to ensure early treatment if PH is present. In the BPD patients with significant PH, multi-modality treatment, including treatment for correcting an underlying disease, oxygen supply, use of diverse selective pulmonary vasodilators (inhaled nitric oxide, inhaled prostacyclins, sildenafil, and endothelin-receptor antagonist) and other methods, is mandatory.