• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 1984

This experiment was carried out to compare with the nonsurgical and surgical recovery of fertilized eggs in super-ovulated rabbits. Sixty-four eggs recovered were transferred to twelve synchronized, pseudopregnant rabbits to test the viability of the eggs by surgical transfer. Each group(I, II, III) received a single subcutaneous injection of 5mg PGF2${\alpha}$/kg B.W. at 24(Group I), 48(Group II) and 72 hours (Group III) after mating, respectivity. After the administration of PGF2${\alpha}$, vaginal washings were conducted at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hrs, and frequency of vaginal washing was 5 times for the each group (I, II, III). In Group (IV, V, Ⅵ), the rabbits were killed to recover the fertilized eggs from the genital tract at 24(Group Ⅵ), 48(Group V) and 72 hours (Group Ⅵ) after mating, respectively. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Of the total eggs, 69.3%, 73.4% and 66.9% were recovered for Group I, II and III, respectively from the vagina within 6 hrs after PGF2${\alpha}$ injection and particularly for Group III. 2. The rates of egg recovery versus the number of corpora lutea were 55 (51.6-60%), 35.8 (24-52.6%), 33.4 (25-47%) and 72 (70.7-73.0)%, 60.3 (50-71.4)%, 449(44.4-45.5)% in Group I, II, III and Group IV, V, Ⅵ, respectively. 3. Most of eggs recovered were one-cell stage in Group Iand Group IV. More than one half of the eggs recovered in Group II and V were over eight-cell stage, and most of the eggs were so in Group III and Ⅵ. 4. When sixty-four eggs recovered between 24 to 72 hours after mating were transferred to pseudopregnant rabbits. Three recipients were pregnant, and the rate of pregnancy was 25%.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1988

This study was carried out to investigate the action of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on the motility of immature pig uterine smooth muscle. ATP appeared contractile responses in a dose-dependent manner, showing the maximal contraction at the concentration of $10^{-3}M$ in the uterine smooth muscle strip. The contractile responses by $ATP(10^{-4}M)$ were not affected by atropine $(10^{-6}M)$, phentolamine $(10^{-6}M)$, propranolol $(10^{-6}M)$, pyrilamine $(10^{-6}M)$, cimetidine $(10^{-6}M)$, and theophyulline $(5{\times}10^{-5}M)$, but were inhibited uncompetitively by quinidine. The effects of these drugs on the contractile responses by prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}(PGF_{2{\alpha}})$ were also comparable to those observed with ATP. When muscle strips were pretreated with indomethacin $(5{\times}10^{-5}M)$ for 20 min., the contractile responses by $ATP(10^{-4}M)$ were completely inhibited. But the contractile responses by $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ were not affected by indomethacin. These results suggest that ATP elicited the contraction through noncholinergic- and nonadrenergic-receptor mediated by prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ in pig uterine smooth muscle.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2001

본 실험은 한국재래산양에 있어서 분만 후 초기에 prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$(PG $F_{2{alpha}$)의 투여가 호르몬 농도 및 난포발육에 미치는 효과를 검토하기 위하여 수행되었던 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 분만한 한국재래산양에 혈장중 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$의 농도는 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$처리 후 2일에 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$처리군 (GR-1 및 GR-2)에서 각각 6.35$\pm$0.5 및 0.22$\pm$0.2pg/$m\ell$로서 저하한 후 점차 증가하여 4일 후 21.18$\pm$1.6 및 4.21$\pm$0.4 pg/$m\ell$로서 절정에 도달하였다. 2. 혈장중 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$의 농도는 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$ 처리 전 9.08$\pm$1.2 및 5.44$\pm$1.8 pg/$m\ell$였으며 처리후 농도는 다소 저하하였으나 처리 군간에 유의차는 없었다. 3. 혈장중 estradiol-l7$\beta$( $E_2$)농도는 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$ 처리 후 2일까지 점차 감소한 후 3일에 증가하여 4일에 최대치에 도달하였다. 4. 혈장중 luteinizing hormone (나T)의 농도는 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$ 처리 후 약간의 증가가 있었으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 5. 혈장중 prolactin (PRL)의 농도는 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$처리후 감소되었으나 저농도의 수준으로 남아 있었다. 6. PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$의 처리 후 소형 및 중형의 난포의 수는 거의 유사하였으나 4mm 이상 대형 난포의 수는 숫적로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$ 및 estradiol-17$\beta$는 난포의 직경과 관계가 있다고 암시되며 PG $F_{2{\alpha}}$는 난포발육을 촉진하였다고 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.775-780
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• 2012

8-isoprostane (8-$isoPGF_{2{\alpha}}$) is a reliable marker and considered a gold standard for lipid peroxidation. There are very few reports of 8-isoprostane levels in cancer patients, and in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Oxidative stress is however expected and has been observed in patients with cancer. This study measured 8-isoprostane levels in urine by ELISA of 25 patients undergoing chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer, at cycles 1, 2, and 3 of treatment. It considers the creatinine clearance of the patients, and correction of 8-isoprostane levels by creatinine clearance, and overnight urine volume methods. The average 8-isoprostane levels in urine increased more than 6 to 12 fold on chemotherapy treatment, from $532{\pm}587$ pg/mL at cycle $1,6181{\pm}4334$ at cycle 2, and $5511{\pm}2055$ at cycle 3. Similar results were obtained if 8-isoprostane levels were corrected for overnight urine volume, giving averages of $285{\pm}244{\mu}g$ at cycle $1,4122{\pm}3349$ at cycle 2, and $3266{\pm}1200$ at cycle 3. No significant difference was seen in average total overnight urine volume or number of urinations between chemotherapy cycles except for a large variation in urine volume between cycle 2 and 3. Creatinine levels were significantly different only between cycles 1 and 2 (p=0.016). In conclusion, cisplatin therapy has been shown to induce high levels of lipid peroxidation in lung cancer patients and can be assessed from the 8-isoprostane marker in overnight urine, with or without urine volume correction.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.365-369
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• 1999

Interferon tau (IFN$\tau$), the pregnancy recognition signal in ruminants, suppresses transcription of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene in the endometrial luminal (LE) and superficial glandular epithelium (sGE) to prevent oxytocin receptor (OTR) expression and pulsatile release of luteolytic prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ (PGF), Interferon regulatory factors one (IRF-l) and two (IRF-2) are transcription factors induced by IFN$\tau$ that activate and silence gene expression, respectively. Available results suggest that IFN$\tau$ acts directly on LE and sGE during pregnancy to induce sequentially IRF-l and then IRF-2 gene expression to silence transcription of ER and OTR genes, block the luteolytic mechanism to maintenance a functional corpus luteum (CL) and, signal maternal recognition of pregnancy. The theory for maternal recognition of pregnancy in pigs is that the uterine endometrium of cyclic gilts secretes PGF in an endocrine direction, toward the uterine vasculature for transport to the CL to exert its luteolytic effect. However, in pregnant pigs, estrogens secreted by the conceptuses are responsible, perhaps in concert with effects of prolactin and calcium, for exocrine secretion of PGF into the uterine lumen where it is sequestered to exert biological effects and / or be metabolized to prevent luteolysis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1113-1116
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to compare the follicular population during spontaneous and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ induced oestrous cycles in Nili-Ravi buffaloes. In Exp.1, (n = 13 oestrous cycles) follicular population was monitored using ultrasonography on alternate days. Buffaloes were monitored for ovarian follicles from day 0 (first oestrus) until next oestrus. These animals were observed for oestrus twice daily using a teaser bull. Of 12 oestrous cycles, 9 (75%) had two waves of follicular activity and only 3 (25%) had three waves during the oestrous cycle. The mean number of small, medium and large follicles among various days of the oestrous cycle between two and three waves of follicular development were not significantly different (p>0.05). In Exp. 2, follicular population 3 days before oestrus was compared in buffaloes undergoing spontaneous (n = 12 oestrous cycles) and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ induced (n = 6) luteolysis. The mean number of small and large follicles increased (p<0.05) and the number of medium follicles decreased (p<0.05) during the 3 days before oestrus in buffaloes undergoing induced luteolysis as compared to those with spontaneous luteolysis. These results showed that the mean number of small, medium and large follicles among various days of the oestrous cycle were similar between the two and three waves of follicular development, and three days before oestrous the number of small, medium and large follicles altered due to induced luteolysis on day 9, compared to those with spontaneous luteolysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권9호
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• pp.865-870
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• 2003

목 적 : 지질 과산화의 주요 지표 중에 하나인 isoprostane($8-iso-PGF_{2{\alpha}}$)을 제대 동맥혈에서 측정하여 신생아에 산화손상을 유발 할 수 있는 주산기 위험인자 및 신생아기 주요 질환과의 관계를 규명하여, 제대 동맥혈 isoprostane이 신생아에서 산화손상의 지표로 사용할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2000년 6월부터 2001년 3월까지 단국대학교병원 신생아 중환자실 및 신생아실에 입원하였던 미숙아 33명과 만삭아 28명을 대상으로 제대 동맥혈에서 혈청을 분리하여 $-70^{\circ}C$에서 냉동 보관 후 isoprostane($8-iso-PGF_{2{\alpha}}$)과 malondialdehyde(MDA)를 측정하였다. 측정된 isoprostane과 MDA 농도를 미숙아와 만삭아에서 각각 비교하였고, 주산기-신생아기 위험인자와 주요 합병증과의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 결 과 : 평균 출생 체중은 미숙아 $1,771{\pm}445gm$, 만삭아 $3,200{\pm}567gm$이었고, 평균 재태 연령은 미숙아 $31.5{\pm}2.0$주, 만삭아 $39.0{\pm}2.0$주였다. 제대 동맥혈 isoprostane 농도는 미숙아 $704.7{\pm}635.6pg/mL$, 만삭아 $423.9{\pm}306.5pg/mL$로 미숙아에서 통계적으로 의미있게 높았으며(P<0.05), MDA도 미숙아 $44.0{\pm}22.9{\mu}M/L$, 만삭아 $28.2{\pm}10.7{\mu}M/L$로 미숙아에서 의미있게 높았다(P<0.05). 미숙아의 경우 isoprostane은 출생 후 24시간에 $478.6{\pm}580.6pg/mL$로 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 미숙아 제대 동맥혈 isoprostane은 둔위 분만, 양수 과소증, 신생아 가사와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었고(P<0.05), 만삭아 제대 동맥혈 isoprostane은 임신성 고혈압과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(P<0.05). 그러나 미숙아 제대 동맥혈 isoprostane은 신생아기의 주요 합병증과는 상관관계가 없었다. 결 론 : 미숙아에서 제대 동맥혈 isoprostane 농도는 만삭아에 비하여 높고, 일부 주산기-신생아기 위험인자와 연관이 있어서, 주산기-신생아기에 산화손상과 관련된 주요 지표 중에 하나로 사용될 가능성이 있음을 추측하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2001

The effects of PMSG and/or prostaglandin analogue, cloprostenol, on the prevention of implantation, termination of pregnancy, concentration of plasma progesterone, and Na and K contents of the plasma and uterine fluid were studied in pregnant rats. PMSG 50 or 100 IU concomitant with cloprostenol 90 or 180 mg were administered once on day 3 or 9 of gestation. Rats were autopsied on days 8, 10 or 21 gestation. A single administration of PMSG resulted in increasing the number of corpora lutea, preventing implantation and terminating pregnancy. A single administration of cloprostenol had no effect on the prevention of implantation and termination of pregnancy but was able to induce the termination of pregnancy administering at large doses on day 9. A single administration of PMSG concomitant with cloprostenol ws found to be very increased the number of corpora lutea and to be 100% effective in preventing implantation and to be nearly 100% effective in terminating pregnancy. It is uncommon that a single dose of PMSG 50 IU concomitant with cloprostenol 90 or 180 mg on day 9 was able to maintain the pregnancy at very low rates of 0.3∼5.3%. Concentration of plasma progesterone and Na and K contents of the plasma and uterine fluid were increased or decreased administering PMSG and/or cloprostenol, but had no effect on preventing implantation and terminating pregnancy.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 1988

우수정란의 이식전 성판별이 관한 연구를 수행하기 위하여 GTH와 PGF$_2$$\alpha$투여에 대한 난소반응과 회수난자의 발유단계별 동결융해후 생존성을 조사하였으며, 이식전 수정라느이 성판별을 위하여 H-Y항체 처리후 정상발육 난자의 염색체를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 웅성 비장세포(male, spleen cells)를 면역원으로 mouse와 rat에 투여, 항혈청의 항체를 확인한 결과 mouse에서는 C57 BL계통과 rat에서는 DonRyu 계통이 항체생산능력이 우수하였다. 공란우 87두에 hormone(2500IU PMSG, 25mg PGF$_2$alpha)처리하여 평균 57.8%의 채란유과 두당 4.9개의 난자가 회수되었으며, 전체회수란자(427개)중 moula(162개)와 blastocyst(190개)의 정상발육란자는 82.4%였다. 동결융해후 회수된 난자 (312개)중, 형태적으로 정상인 난자(241개)의 비율은 77.2% 발육단계별 성적은 blastocyst(83.4%)가 morula(71.0%)보다 우수하였다. 항체와 보체(Guinea pig serum)로 처리된 82개의 morula중 15개(18.3%)가 blastocyst로 발육되어 이중 5개(33.3%)가 성이 판별되었으며, 모두 xx형 성염색체를 갖는 자성수정란으로 판명되었다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2002

본 연구는 체내, 체외 소 배반포기 배의 GMP vitrification 후 활력도의 비교와 한우 수정란을 몽골 소에 수정란이식 후 산자생산 가능성을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 한우 수정란은 체외수정란 또는 과배란처리에 의한 체내수정란을 생산하여 GMP vitrification 방법으로 동결 후 몽고로 수송하였다. 수란우는 CIDR과 $PGF_2\alpha$ 처리에 의하여 동기화를 유도하였다 체내수정란생산을 위하여 7두를 과배란처리하였다. 총 64개의 배반포기를 회수하였다. ($9.1\pm2.94$per cow). 체외수정란생산은 80.1% 분할율(174／217)과 40.8% 배반포기 발달율(71／174)을 얻었다. 체내수정란(93.7%; 45／48)의 동결융해 후 생존율은 체외수정란(82.5%; 52／63)보다 유의적으로 높았다(P＜0.05). 8두의 몽골 소에 2개의 수정란을 이식하여 5두가 이식 후 60일째 임신이 확인되었으나, 그 중 1두는 240째 유산을 확인하였다. 그 중 2두의 수란우에서 2두의 산자를 275일째 생산에 성공하였다. 이러한 결과는 GMP vitrification 방법은 체내, 체외수정란의 동결보존방법으로 이용될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 동결융해란의 몽골 소에 이식 후 한우를 생산할 수 가능성을 확인하였다.