• 한국자기학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 1993

광전자분광법 (Photoelectron Spectroscopy : PES)을 이용하여, 차세대 광자기 기록매체로 유망한 Co/Pd 다층박막의 전자구조를 연구하였다. Co/Pd 다층박막의 Co 3d 전자 PES 스펙트럼에서는 페르미 에너지 ($E_{F}$) 근처에 폭이 좁은 피이크가 관찰되었고, 아울러 $E_{F}$로부터 약 2.5 eV 아래에 폭이 넓은 피이크도 관찰되었다. 그 중 $E_{F}$ 근처에 위치한 피이크의 폭은 bulk Co 3d 전자 PES 스펙트럼에서의 피이크폭에 비하여 훨씬 좁았는데, 이러한 차이는 Co 자기모멘트가 Co/Pd 다층박막에서 buik Co 에 비하여 증진되는 현상과 일치한다. 한편 $E_{F}$ 아래 2.5 eV에 의치한 피이크는 Pd의 valence band 구조와 유사함이 발견되었는데, 이는 Co 단층과 Pd 단층간에 상당한 상호작용 (hybridization)이 있음을 나타낸다고 볼 수 있다. Co/Pd 다층박막에 대하여 실험적으로 결정한 Co 3d 전자 Pes 스펙트럼을 국재스핀밀도함수이론을 이용하여 얻은 이론적 전자구조 계산결과와 비교하였다. 이상의 비교에 의하면 밴드이론계산에 의한 Co 3d 밴드폭은 실험과 잘 일치하였으나, PES 스펙트럼에서 관찰되어진 $E_{F}$ 근처의 폭이 좁은 피이크는 밴드이론이 잘 기술하지 못함이 발견되었다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.1752-1758
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• 2015

This paper presents partial discharge localization in stator winding of generators using multi-conductor transmission line (MTL) and RLC ladder network models. The high-voltage (HV) winding of a 6kV/250kW generator has been modeled by MATLAB software. The simulation results of the MTL and the RLC ladder network models have been evaluated with the measurements results in the frequency domain by applying of the Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Two PD generated calibrator signals in kHz and MHz frequency range were injected into different points of generator winding and the signals simulated/measured at the both ends of the winding. For partial discharge localization in stator winding of generators is necessary to calculate the frequency spectrum of the PD current signals and then estimate the poles of the system from the calculated frequency spectrum. Finally, the location of PD can be estimated. This theory applied for the above generator and the simulation/measured results show the good correlation for PD Location for RLC ladder network and MTL models in the frequency range of kHz (10kHz<f<1MHz) and MHz (1MHz<f<5MHz) respectively.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1468-1473
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• 2013

This paper dealt with the propagation characteristics of acoustic signals produced by partial discharges and the positioning of PD origin in insulation oil to develop insulation diagnostic techniques of oil-immerged transformers. Electrode systems such as needle to plane, plane to plane, and particle electrodes were fabricated to simulate some defects of power transformers. In addition, the frequency spectrum and propagation characteristics of acoustic signals with partial discharge (PD) in insulation oil were analyzed. Although there were differences based on the type of defect, the frequency spectra of the acoustic signals measured by wide and narrow band acoustic emission (AE) sensors were distributed in the range of 50 kHz-400 kHz. Therefore, a narrowband AE sensor is suitable for the diagnosis of oil-immersed power transformers. We could find the position of the PD source with an error margin of 10% in the experiments by calculating the position of the PD occurrence using the time difference of arrival measured by five AE sensors.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제55권10호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2006

This paper describes that the distribution of electromagnetic field occurred by PD(Partial Discharge) pulse was calculated with simulation program and characteristics of calibration and PD pulses measured with folded dipole types sensors were analyzed. As the distribution of electromagnetic field in simulation was very random the wide band measuring methods were good. Therefore three folded dipole antenna types sensors which had different their widths were designed and made. The signal according to direction and distance between sensor and pulse source in these sensor was measured and the spectrum of surface PD were acquired in the experiment of model transformer. In this result the characteristics of sensor which had middle width was better than others and the main spectrum of PD signals in surface discharge were existed in around 220MHz, 320MHz and from 450MHz to 750MHz.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.458-461
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• 2019

The facile synthesis of shape-controlled Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a capping agent is presented in this study. The synthesized PdNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman Spectroscopy. The prepared PdNPs show efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties. SERS studies on the adsorption characteristics of 1,4-phenylene diisocyanide (1,4-PDI) on colloidal PdNPs have revealed that the relative peak intensity of the $(NC)_{free}$ and $(NC)_{bound}$ modes distinctly depends on the 1,4-PDI concentration as well as the shape of the PdNPs. Furthermore, we found that the PdNPs are also efficient photoelectron emitters such that the SERS spectrum of 4-nitrobenzenethiol (4-NBT) on PdNPs is readily converted to that of 4-aminobenzenethiol (4-ABT) under 632.8 nm radiation.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.987-994
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• 2009

Palladium nanoparticles having cubic silsesquioxanes (POSS) (Pd-POSS) were produced by the reaction of palladium (II) acetate and octa(3-aminopropyl)octasilsesquioxane octahydrochloride (POSS-${NH_3}^+$ in methanol at room temperature. Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-COOH) were prepared by acid treatment of pristine MWNTs. The hybrid nanocomposites of Pd-POSS and MWNT-COOH (Pd-MWNT nanocomposites) were synthesized by self-assembly method via ionic interaction between positively charged Pd-POSS and negatively charged MWNT-$COO^-$. The spherical aggregates of Pd-POSS with a diameter of 40-60 urn were well attached to the surfaces of MWNT-COOH on Silicon wafer. The composition, structure, and surface morphology of Pd-MWNT nanocomposites were studied by UV-vis spectrophotometer, energy dispersive spectrum (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM).

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1660-1669
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• 2014

Partial discharge (PD) detection plays a major role in the life time assessment of liquid insulation in power transformers. Many research works are being carried out to replace conventional mineral oil insulation in transformers by vegetable oils. It is necessary to understand the PD characteristics of vegetable oils before recommending them as an alternate for mineral oil. In this paper, the breakdown strength and PD characteristics of palm and corn oil were investigated in both unaged and thermally aged conditions. Laboratory experiments were performed as per IEC test procedures. PD signals were measured using wide band detection system. Phase resolved PD pattern of vegetable oils and mineral oil were compared. Effect of increase in voltage stress on the PD pattern of palm and corn oil were studied. Time and frequency domain analysis of PD pulses at needle-plane electrode configuration was carried out. Statistical analysis of PD pattern i.e. skewness and shape parameter variations with respect to applied thermal stress were also carried out. From the results, it is observed that palm and corn oils have better breakdown strength and PD characteristics even under long-term thermal stress and hence they can be used for power transformer applications.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.8455-8461
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 라만 스펙트럼의 고속 탐색을 위해 특이값 분해(SVD, Singular Value Decomposition)를 이용한 새로운 탐색 알고리즘들을 제안한다. 제안 알고리즘에서는 SVD를 통해 얻은 특이벡터를 중요도에 따라 선별하여 실험에 사용함으로써 계산량 단축을 도모한다. 파일럿 테스트(Pilot test)를 수행하여 일부 데이터들을 미리 탐색 대상에서 제외시키고 부분탐색법(PDS, Partial Distance Search)을 적용하여 탐색을 수행함으로써 큰 폭으로 계산량을 감소시킨다. 실험에 사용한 데이터베이스는 총 14,032종의 화학 물질 라만 스펙트럼으로 구성하였으며, 기존의 탐색 방법인 전체탐색법(Full Search), PDS와 평균피라미드탐색법(MPS, Mean Pyramid Search)를 1차원공간상의 신호에 적용하기 적절하게 변형한 1DMPS에 PDS를 적용한 실험(1DMPS+PDS), 데이터의 분산을 내림차순 정렬하여 !DMPS와 PDS를 적용한 실험(1DMPS Sort with Variance+PDS), 데이터의 250차원 성분만 SVD 변환하여 PDS를 적용한 실험(250SVD+PDS), 그리고 제안 알고리즘 PSP(Partial SVD with PDS)와 PSSP(Partial SVD with Sorted Pilot test)을 적용한 실험을 비교 분석하였다. 각 알고리즘의 성능은 곱셈 및 덧셈의 연산량 비교를 통해 이루어졌는데, 실험 결과에 따르면 250SVD+PDS에 비해 제안알고리즘 PSP는 15.7%, PSSP에서는 64.8%의 계산량 감소를 확인하였다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권4호
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• pp.838-850
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• 2021

비결핵마이코박테륨(nontuberculous mycobacterium; 이하 NTM) 폐질환은 우리나라를 포함하여 전 세계적으로 발생률과 유병률이 증가하고 있다. 더불어 NTM 폐질환의 임상적 중요성도 빠르게 증가하고 있으나, NTM 폐질환은 진단과 치료가 어려운 질환이다. NTM 폐질환의 진단을 위해서는 영상의학적 근거가 필수이며, 많은 환자에서 영상의학 소견은 NTM 폐질환을 진단하는 첫 번째 근거가 될 수 있다. NTM 폐질환의 영상의학 소견은 일반적으로 섬유공동병변형과 결절기관지확장형의 두 가지 형태로 구분하나, NTM 폐질환은 다양하고 비특이적인 영상의학 소견을 보일 수 있다. 영상의학과 의사는 영상의학 소견에 따라 NTM 폐질환의 가능성을 감별진단에 포함하여야 한다. 본 종설은 영상의학과 의사를 위한 NTM 폐질환의 국내 역학, 진단기준, 영상의학 소견을 중심으로 검토하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.403-408
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• 2012

In this study, the homogenous Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) were first prepared with bayberry tannin (BT) as the stabilizers. Subsequently, the obtained bayberry tannin-stabilized Pd nanoparticles (BT-Pd) were immobilized onto ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ to prepare heterogeneous ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$-BT-Pd catalysts. Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed that the Pd NPs were well stabilized by the phenolic hydroxyl groups of BT. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) observation indicated that the diameter of the Pd NPs can be effectively controlled in the range of 4.2-16.0 nm by varying the amount of BT. It is found that the ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$-BT-Pd catalysts exhibit highly activity for various olefin hydrogenations. For example, the initial TOF (turnover frequency) of the ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$-BT-Pd in the allyl alcohol hydrogenation is as high as $12804 mol{\cdot}mol^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$. Furthermore, the ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$-BT-Pd can be reused 5 times without significant loss of activity, exhibiting a superior reusability as compared with conventionally prepared ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$-Pd catalysts.