• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2010

In an asymmetrical speed channel environment like asymmetric digital subscriber line, the up-link bandwidth is normally smaller than the down-link bandwidth, which will lead to extremely low utilization of down-link bandwidth when current P2P video transmission is applied. To overcome this, a new fast P2P video transmission method applied in an asymmetrical speed channel environment is proposed in this paper. On the basis of the many-to-one concept, the proposed method uses a new multipeer aggregation technique to enhance the utilization of down-link bandwidth. In addition, an adaptive peer assignment algorithm is also introduced in order to minimize the overall transmission time. Experimental results show that by using our proposed method, the utilization of down-link bandwidth is significantly improved, and the overall transmission time is greatly reduced.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.344-354
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• 2020

이취미 물질인 2-MIB를 합성하는 원인종에 대한 정보는 담수생태계에서 이와 관련된 환경 및 경제적 문제를 해결하는 데 필수적이다. 본 연구는 북한강 수계에서 출현하는 Pseudanabaena strain을 분리·배양하고, 16S rDNA 염기서열을 이용하여 종 수준의 동정과 2-MIB 합성 유전자 탐색을 통해 이취미 물질 발생 잠재성을 분석하였다. 북한강 본류 지역(삼봉리, 조암면, 의암호 지역)에서 분리한 Pseudanabaena strain은 총 11개로서 NHUA201911과 NHPD201909 strain을 제외하고 단일세포의 크기는 서로 유사하였다. 그러나 16S rDNA 계통분석을 통한 유전자 염기서열의 유연관계를 분석한 결과, 분리된 strain들은 총 5개 종(P. cinerea, P. yagii, P. mucicola, P. galeata, P. redekei)으로 분류되었다(40~55% 유사도). 2-MIB를 합성하는 mibC 유전자는 P. cinerea 07 strain (NHUA202007-07)와 P. yagii (NHUA202007-08), P. redekei (NHUA201911)에서만 발견되었으며, 가스크로마토그래피 분석에 따라 실질적인 2-MIB 합성은 P. cinerea와 P. redekei 종에서 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 분자생물학적 수준에서 북한강 수역에서 발생하는 Pseudanabaena속 남조류의 다양도에 대한 증거를 제공하는 연구로서 북한강 수계에서 2-MIB 생산 원인종에 대한 중요한 정보를 제공한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2024

Background: Plant health is directly related to the change in native microbial diversity and changes in soil health have been implicated as one of the main cause of root rot. However, scarce information is present regarding allelopathic relationship of Panax notoginseng root exudates and pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum in a continuous cropping system. Methods: We analyzed P. notoginseng root exudate in the planting soil for three successive years to determine phenolic acid concentration using GC-MS and HPLC followed by effect on the microbial community assembly. Antioxidant enzymes were checked in the roots to confirm possible resistance in P. notoginseng. Results: Total 29 allelochemicals in the planting soil extract was found with highest concentration (10.54 %) of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The HPLC showing a year-by-year decrease in p-hydroxybenzoic acid content in soil of different planting years, and an increase in population of F. oxysporum. Moreover, community analysis displayed negative correlation with 2.22 mmol. L^-1 of p-hydroxybenzoic acid correspond to an 18.1 % population of F. oxysporum. Furthermore, in vitro plate assay indicates that medium dose of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2.5-5 mmol. L^-1) can stimulate the growth of F. oxysporum colonies and the production of macroconidia, as well as cell wall-degrading enzymes. We found that 2-3 mmol. L^-1 of p-hydroxybenzoic acid significantly increased the population of F. oxysporum. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study suggested that p-hydroxybenzoic acid have negative effect on the root system and modified the rhizosphere microbiome so that the host plant became more susceptible to root rot disease.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.44-47
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 15센티 이격거리의 수중 객체간 P2P VLC 음원전송 기술에 대하여 제안하였다. P2P VLC 음원전송 기술을 제시하였으며, 이와 더불어 LED 송신모듈와 PD(Photo Detector) 수신모듈간 15센티 이격거리에서의 P2P VLC 음원전송 기술을 개발하였다. 수중환경이라는 가정 하에 LED 송신부와 PD 수신부간 음원 전송을 위한 수중 객체간 P2P VLC 음원 전송 실험을 진행하였으며, 이를 통하여 제안기술의 유용성을 입증하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 15센티 이격거리의 수중 객체간 P2P VLC 음원전송 기술은 수중 환경에서 객체간 P2P VLC 음원전송 기술을 이용할 수 있다는 점에서 다양한 분야에 널리 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

P2P를 이용한 스트리밍 서비스의 발달과 모바일 네트워크의 발달로 이동환경에서도 서비스 품질을 제공하려는 방안들이 제안되었다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 고속의 이동환경과 이기종 단말의 특성을 고려한 스트리밍 서비스들은 기존의 P2P가 갖는 이기적인 피어 문제로 인하여 피어간 대역폭 정체가 발생됨에 따라 원하는 품질을 제공받지 못하는 고질적인 문제를 갖고 있다. 또한 피어간의 최적화된 트래픽 지역화 방안을 갖지 않음으로 트래픽 증가에 따른 긴 지연 및 손실을 초래하기 쉬운 구조이다. 따라서 피어의 기여도를 이끌어내고 인센티브를 부여함으로써 서비스 차등을 제공함은 물론, 단말의 위치 정보에 따른 클러스터링 기법에 따른 피어선택을 제공하는 구조는 이용자와 서비스 제공자, 모두에게 서비스 품질과 효율성 측면에서 만족을 줄 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 피어의 기여와 이용자 단말의 위치에 따른 비용이 적용된 피어 선택에 따른 최적의 자원 배분 기법을 제안하며 이를 이용한 방법이 LTE와 같은 환경에서 보다 적응적이고 이용자의 서비스 만족을 높일 수 있다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.39-56
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• 2002

The results of geoarchaeological studies of the prehistoric cultural complexes on the Russian Far East (Primorye, or Maritime Province; the Amur River basin; and Sakhalin Island) are presented. Upper Palaeolithic sites are dated to ca. 40,000-10,500 B.P. They existed during the mild climate of the Chernoruchie interstadial (ca. 40,000-21,000 B.P.); during harsh climate at the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 20,000-18,000 B.P., in several places on the Russian Far East (Primorye, Amur River basin, and Sakhalin); and during climatic amelioration in the Late Glacial time, ca. 16,000-10,500 B.P. The earliest Neolithic sites, represented by Osipovka and Gromatukha cultures, existed at ca. 13,000-10,000 B.P. in the environment of coniferous forests with admixture of broadleaved taxa. Since ca. 8000 B.P., Neolithic cultures appeared in all of the Russian Far East. They existed until ca. 3000 B.P., first during the Holocene Climatic Optimum, ca. 8000-5000 B.P., in the environment of coniferous-broadleaved forests, and later, at ca. 5000-3000 B.P., in the environment of birch-oak and coniferous forests.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.132-143
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• 2000

The purpose of this correlational study was to find the correlation between the infant temperament, mother-infant interaction, and child-rearing environment. The subjects of this study were 37 dyads of healthy mothers and healthy infants. Data were collected from 15th of March to 3rd of September, 1999. Convenient sampling was done at Obstetric wards of one University hospital, and demographic data were collected before discharge. At one month and three month postpartum, we visited subject's home, and collected the data on the infant temperament, and also video taped the mother-infant interaction during feeding. In addition, child-rearing environment was checked by researcher according to HOME(Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment) at three months postpartum. Mother-infant interactions were rated according to the NCAST Feeding Scale later. Data were analyzed by window SPSS program, and correlations between the infant temperament, mother-infant interaction, and child-rearing environment were analyzed by Pearson's correlational coefficient. The results were as follows: 1. Infant temperament. 1) Among the subscales of infant temperament, mothers perceived cuddliness and amenability most positively at one month, and responsivity and amenability most positively at three months. 2) In subscale analysis of stability, amenability, responsivity, and persistence were stable with the time. 3) Significant relationships were found between the malleability and amenability, between the malleability and responsivity at one month, and also between the malleability and amenability, and between the malleability and cuddliness at three months. 2. Correlations of infant temperament and mother-infant interaction. 1) There was no significant relationship between the infant temperament and mother-infant interaction at one month. 2) There was a significant relationship between the infant temperament and mother-infant interaction at three months(r=.335, p<.05). In subscale analysis, there were significnt relationships between the total score of infant temperament and maternal sensitivity to infant's cues(r=.372, p<.05), and between the total score of infant temperament and maternal response to infant's distress (r=.331, p<.05). 3. Correlations of infant temperament and child-rearing environment. 1) There was no significant relationship between the total score of infant temperament at one month and total score of HOME at three months. In subscal analysis, the total score of infant temperament at one showed significant relationships with the organization of environment(r=.413, p<.05), and the emotional, verbal response at three months(r=.337, p<.05). 2) There was a significant relationship between the total score of infant temperament at three months and the total score of HOME at three months (r=.599, p<.01). In subscal analysis, the total score of infant temperament at three months showed significant relationships with the organization of environment(r=.410, p<.05), maternal involvement(r=.482, p,.01), and the emotional, verbal response(r=.695, p<.01) at three months. 4. Correlations of mother-infant interaction and child-rearing environment. There was a significant relationship between the maternal score of mother-infant interaction at one month and three months and the total score of HOME at three months (r=.474, p<.01; r=.452, p<.01). In conclusion, it was proved that infant temperament had significant relationships with mother-infant interaction and child-rearing environment, especially when the infants were getting older. This showed the possibility for changeability of infant teperament by the maternal factors.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제6권7호
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• pp.1120-1125
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• 2002

정보사회로 진행되어 감에 따라 컴퓨터 네트워크 사용 및 규모의 증대는 더욱 가속화되어 가고 있다. 또한 컴퓨터 네트워크를 통해서 교환되는 정보의 양의 증가와 함께 네트워크의 보안성이 새로운 문제점으로 부각되고 있다. P2P는 자유로운 네트웍을 구성할 수 있고, 중앙 서버 기능을 없애거나 약화시켜서 각 User간에 참여판 수 있는 개방 네트워크이기 때문에, 각 User간 인증에 관한 문제가 대두되고있다. 네트웍에 있는 어떤 사용자가 공개된 환경에 있다고 가정하면, 각 User간에 허가받은 사용자에게만 접속을 제한하기 위해서는 서비스에 대한 요구를 인증 해야한다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 P2P 환경에서 보안을 유지하는 방법을 제안하고, P2P 환경에서 안전하게 정보를 공유할 수 있는 메커니즘으로 Kerberos 인증 메커니즘을 인용하여 인증 메커니즘을 설계하였다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2008

In this study, general outline of P2P(peer to peer) application was analyzed dealing with security attacks and threats on the P2P environment. Information security service was studied to provide secure P2P service under the information threats. This study proposes two methods to provide secure information security service. One is a method to use personal firewall software on the peer. The other is a method to use key distribution protocol for confidentiality and integrity.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1997

This thesis is dealt with the thermal environment, the indoor air environment, the sound environment and the light environment in P.C apartment house. The purpose of this study is to analyze degrees of 'the cognition'. 'the importance', and ‘the satisfaction' on indoor environmental factors and to evaluate comfort of indoor environment based on residents' responses. The questionnaire survey was given to the residents at P.C apartment complex in Rowon-Gu, Seoul. The following are the results obtained in this thesis. The results of Path analysis on comfort revealed that factors of direct effect to comfort were the satisfaction on indoor air environment and sound environment and the cognition on indoor air environment and sound environment. The satisfaction on indoor air environment was the biggest variable which decided the comfort. By the survey of P.C apartment residents' responses, the level of P.C apartment indoor comfort was found uncomfortable. It is meaningful to su99est the model evaluating comfort by residents' responses .