Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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P-hydroxybenzoic acid positively affect the Fusarium oxysporum to stimulate root rot in Panax notoginseng

  • Jing Zhao (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Zhandi Wang (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Rong Jiao (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Qionglian Wan (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Lianchun Wang (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Liangxing Li (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Yali Yang (College of Chemistry Biology and the Environment, Yuxi Normal University) ;
  • Shahzad Munir (State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University)
  • Received : 2023.04.01
  • Accepted : 2023.11.26
  • Published : 2024.03.01
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Abstract

Background: Plant health is directly related to the change in native microbial diversity and changes in soil health have been implicated as one of the main cause of root rot. However, scarce information is present regarding allelopathic relationship of Panax notoginseng root exudates and pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum in a continuous cropping system. Methods: We analyzed P. notoginseng root exudate in the planting soil for three successive years to determine phenolic acid concentration using GC-MS and HPLC followed by effect on the microbial community assembly. Antioxidant enzymes were checked in the roots to confirm possible resistance in P. notoginseng. Results: Total 29 allelochemicals in the planting soil extract was found with highest concentration (10.54 %) of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The HPLC showing a year-by-year decrease in p-hydroxybenzoic acid content in soil of different planting years, and an increase in population of F. oxysporum. Moreover, community analysis displayed negative correlation with 2.22 mmol. L-1 of p-hydroxybenzoic acid correspond to an 18.1 % population of F. oxysporum. Furthermore, in vitro plate assay indicates that medium dose of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2.5-5 mmol. L-1) can stimulate the growth of F. oxysporum colonies and the production of macroconidia, as well as cell wall-degrading enzymes. We found that 2-3 mmol. L-1 of p-hydroxybenzoic acid significantly increased the population of F. oxysporum. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study suggested that p-hydroxybenzoic acid have negative effect on the root system and modified the rhizosphere microbiome so that the host plant became more susceptible to root rot disease.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Sangon Biotech in construction of the experimental platform is gratefully acknowledged.

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