• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1987

담수상태(湛水狀態)의 논토양중(土壤中) 유기물함량(有機物含量), 온도(溫度), pH 질소비종(窒素肥種) 및 시비량등(施肥量等)을 달리했을때 탈질작용(脫窒作用)과 탈질량(脫窒量)을 알고저 질내(窒內)에서 항온시험(恒溫試驗)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 담수상태(湛水狀態)의 논토양(土壤)에서 탈질량(脫窒量)에 관계(關係)가 큰 요인(要因)은 토양유기물함량(土壤有機物含量) > 항온온도(恒溫溫度) > pH가(價) > 질소비종(窒素肥種) > 질소시비량(窒素施肥量)의 순(順)으로 컸다. 2. $N_2O$ gas의 생성량(生成量)은 토양유기물함량(土壤有機物含量) 3.0%인 토양(土壤)에서 항온온도(恒溫溫度) $20^{\circ}C$, pH 6.0일때 $KNO_3$ 20mg/100 토양(土壤) 시용구(施用區)에서 가장 많았다. 3. $N_2O$ gas 1 mole 생성(生成)하는데 소모(消耗)되는 탄소(炭素)는 전체평균(全體平均)이 0.5 mole 이였으며 탄소량(炭素量)이 제일(第一) 많이 요구(要求)되는 경우는 토양유기물함량(土壤有機物含量) 1.0%인 토양(土壤)에서 류안(硫安) 10mg/100g 토양(土壤) 시용시(施用時)(1.06 mole)였으며 제일(第一)적은 탄소요구(炭素要求)의 경우는 유기물함량(有機物含量) 3.0%인 토양(土壤)에서 $KNO_3$ 20mg/100g 토양(土壤) 시용시(施用時)(0.13 mole)였다. 4. Michealis-Menten의 효소반응식(酵素反應式)에서 유도(誘導)된 $N_2O$ gas의 V/2가(價)는 유기물(有機物) 1.0% 토양(土壤)에서 $(NH_2)_2CO$ 시용시(施用時) 550, $KNO_3$ 시용시(施用時)는 $1100N_2O{\mu}g/100g$ 토양(土壤)이였고 3.0%인 토양(土壤)에서 $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 시용시(施用時)는 $490N_2O{\mu}g/100g$ 토양(土壤)이였으며 $KNO_3$ 시용시(施用時)는 시비량(施肥量)이 증가(增加)할수록 V/2가(價)는 계속 증가(增加)되었다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2007

The roots of the plant Korean ginseng have been extensively used in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The effects of chronic administration of Korean ginseng extract (KGE) were investigated on two different anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements) and the open field test (OFT). Diazepam (1 mg/kg), KGE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days. On the 14th day, mice were previously exposed for 30 min to one of the open arms of the T-maze, 24 h before the test. On 15th day, mice had two exposures to the enclosed and open arm of the elevated T-maze followed by exposure to the open field apparatus. The number of line crossings in the apparatus was used to assess locomotor changes. Cumulative Concentration Response Curve of 5-HT was plotted using rat fundus which were pre-treated in a similar way. Treatment with Diazepam (1 mg/kg) and KGE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) impaired inhibitory avoidance performance but did not impair escape latency. In OFT, diazepam facilitated locomotion as compared to vehicle and other treatment groups. KGE at any of the selected doses did not impair locomotion. Concentration response curve of 5-HT was shifted towards the right with suppression of maxima in rats treated with KGE. The results suggest that KGE exerts anxiolytic like behaviour in a specific subset of defensive behaviour, particularly those related to generalized anxiety disorder.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2006

We investigated the effects of chronic administration of different extracts of ginger rhizome [pet ether extract (PE); toluene fraction (TF) of pet ether extract] on anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (ETM) (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements) and the open field test. Ondansetron (1 mg/kg), FE (10, 30 &100 mg/kg) and TF (10 & 30 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days. On the $14^{th}$ day mice were previously exposed for 30 min to one of the open arms of the T-maze, 24 h before the test. On $15^{th}$ day mice had two exposures to the enclosed and open arm of the ETM followed by exposure to the open field apparatus. The number of line crossings in the apparatus was used to assess locomotor changes. Cumulative Concentration Response Curve of 5-HT was plotted using rat fundus which were pretreated in a similar way. Treatment with Ondansetron (1 mg/kg), PE (100 mg/kg), TF (10 mg/kg) and TF (30 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) impaired inhibitory avoidance performance but did not impair escape latency. Concentration response curve of 5-HT was shifted towards the right with suppression of maxima in rats treated with PE and TF. The results suggest that PE and TF of Ginger rhizome exerts anxiolytic like behaviour in a specific subset of defensive behaviour, particularly those related to generalized anxiety disorder.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2021

Purpose: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain atrophy in this disease spectrum begins in the medial temporal lobe structure, which can be recognized by magnetic resonance imaging. To overcome the unsatisfactory inter-observer reliability of visual evaluation, quantitative brain volumetry has been developed and widely investigated for the diagnosis of MCI and AD. The aim of this study was to assess the prediction accuracy of quantitative brain volumetry using a fully automated segmentation software package, NeuroQuant^®, for the diagnosis of MCI. Materials and Methods: A total of 418 subjects from the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease cohort were included in our study. Each participant was allocated to either a cognitively normal old group (n = 285) or an MCI group (n = 133). Brain volumetric data were obtained from T1-weighted images using the NeuroQuant software package. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to investigate relevant brain regions and their prediction accuracies. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that normative percentiles of the hippocampus (P < 0.001), amygdala (P = 0.003), frontal lobe (P = 0.049), medial parietal lobe (P = 0.023), and third ventricle (P = 0.012) were independent predictive factors for MCI. In ROC analysis, normative percentiles of the hippocampus and amygdala showed fair accuracies in the diagnosis of MCI (area under the curve: 0.739 and 0.727, respectively). Conclusion: Normative percentiles of the hippocampus and amygdala provided by the fully automated segmentation software could be used for screening MCI with a reasonable post-processing time. This information might help us interpret structural MRI in patients with cognitive impairment.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2013

Liquefied Natural Gas is liquefied at the condition of atmosphere pressure and cryogenic temperature. LNG is exposed very long time under the cryogenic temperature and high pressure, and it is very important to retain the structural safety in this envelopment. Until now, the material which are composing the storage tank of LNG ship has experimented at room temperature, so it is not enough to apply for the design at the cryogenic temperature. The purposes of this study are investigated mechanical properties for aluminum alloy. To evaluate tensile and fatigue test for aluminum alloy, it was considering static and fatigue conditions at room and cryogenic temperature. S-N curves were designed at both temperature respectively. Also, P-S-N curve was performed statistical method by JSME-S002.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2000년도 제1회 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.145-146
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• 2000

Primary emphasis was placed on the electrophoretic deposition of low voltage phosphor to indium-tin oxide-coated glass for the application of field emission display. The phosphor deposited by various parameters, such as deposition time and applied voltages was examined in detail. In addition, a comparison was made by analyzing luminance properties of the phosphor mixed with and without conducting $In_2O_3$ powder of less than 1um size. The measurement was performed as a function of $In_2O_3$ concentration from 3% to 15% by weight. The enhanced impact of indium powder mixing on the phosphor was clearly demonstrated by aging performance curve at 1000V excitation voltages with a current density of $1\;mA/cm^2$

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2009

마취가스로 사용되는 아산화질소($N_2O$)는 만성건강 잠재위험을 일으킬 수 있기 때문에 근무자를 보호하기 위해 아산화질소 노출을 감시하고 제어하는 것이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 아산화질소 노출평가를 위해서 흡착제로는 molecular sieve 5A를 사용하였고 $7m{\ell}$ vial에 보관한 후 heating block에서 $100^{\circ}C$로 12시간 이상 가열하여 GC-ECD를 이용하여 분석, 평가하였다. GC-ECD에 의한 검량선 설명력계수($R^2$)는 0.9992이며 검출한계는 $0.96{\mu}g$/injection, 정량한계는 $3.21{\mu}g$/injection, 탈착효율은 평균 $94.78\;{\pm}\;4.50%$이다. 파과는 각 농도대비 10% 범주 내에 있었다. GC-ECD에 의한 $N_2O$의 수술 전과 수술 중의 노출평가에서는 수술 전의 평균농도는 5.12ppm이고 수술 중의 평균 농도는 42.33ppm으로 수술 중의 아산화질소의 농도가 높게 나타났고 중대한 차이가 있다(P<0.05). GC-ECD에 의한 $N_2O$의 근무자의 근무위치에 따른 노출 평가에서는 중대한 차이가 없고(P>0.005), 시료채취 법에서는 능동식 시료채취 법에서의 $N_2O$ 농도가 높게 나타났다(P<0.05).

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

본 논문은 신경외과 및 일반외과 영역에서 골 고정용 금속판으로 골 수술 및 치료를 하는 과정에서 골 고정요 금속판의 굴곡강도와 강성을 평가할 수 있는 강요평가 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 굴곡곡선의 최대 포인트 점은 0.2% 상쇄변위(offset displacement)에서 평형하게 접근 할 수 있는 포인트 P점을 최대 하중에 부여하는 굴곡 점으로 적용하였다. 실험에 사용한 플레이트(Plate)는 ${\Phi}13$와 ${\Phi}18$이며, 강도평가의 알고리즘은 플레이트 ${\Phi}13$, ${\Phi}18$, ${\Phi}13-{\Phi}18$ 비교하였으며, 플레이트에 압박하는 힘의 알고리즘을 산출한 결과 굽힘강도의 최대값이 311N, 387N, 410N, 474N로 나타났고, 변위(Displacement)에 따라 하중에 견디는 시점인 인장강도가274(N), 324(N), 382(N), 394(N)로 나타났음으로 이 시점이 금속판의 굴곡운동 값으로 결정되었다. 본 연구의 결과로 한 개의 축을 기준으로 발생하는 골 고정용 금속판의 강도 조절 문제를 평가알고리즘으로 구성함으로 해결할 수 있었고, 형태 변화에 따른 조절기능을 검증할 수 있는 시스템이 새로운 알고리즘 형성으로 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1993년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.29-34
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• 1993

In this paper, we used one-dimensional process simulator, SUPREM-II, and two-dimensional device simulator, MINIMOS 4.0 to extract optimal process parameter that can minimize degradation of device characteristics caused by process parameter variation in the case of short channel nMOSFET and pMOSFET device. From this simulation, we have derieved the relationship between process parameter and device characteristics. Here we have presented a method to extract process parameters from design trend curve(DTC) obtained by process and device simulations. We parameters to verify the validity of the DTC method. The experimental result of 0.8 $\mu\textrm{m}$ channel length devices that have been fabricated with optimal that reduces short channel effects, that is, good drain current-voltage characteristics, low body effects and threshold voltage of 1.0 V, high punchthrough and breakdown voltage of 12 V, low subthreshold swing(S.S) values of 105 mV/decade.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2024

Objective: To evaluate the added value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-based quantitative parameters to distinguish uterine sarcomas from atypical leiomyomas on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: A total of 138 patients (age, 43.7 ± 10.3 years) with uterine sarcoma (n = 44) and atypical leiomyoma (n = 94) were retrospectively collected from four institutions. The cohort was randomly divided into training (84/138, 60.0%) and validation (54/138, 40.0%) sets. Two independent readers evaluated six qualitative MRI features and two DWI-based quantitative parameters for each index tumor. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the relevant qualitative MRI features. Diagnostic classifiers based on qualitative MRI features alone and in combination with DWI-based quantitative parameters were developed using a logistic regression algorithm. The diagnostic performance of the classifiers was evaluated using a cross-table analysis and calculation of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: Mean apparent diffusion coefficient value of uterine sarcoma was lower than that of atypical leiomyoma (mean ± standard deviation, 0.94 ± 0.30 10^-3 mm²/s vs. 1.23 ± 0.25 10^-3 mm²/s; P < 0.001), and the relative contrast ratio was higher in the uterine sarcoma (8.16 ± 2.94 vs. 4.19 ± 2.66; P < 0.001). Selected qualitative MRI features included ill-defined margin (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 17.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-503, P = 0.040), intratumoral hemorrhage (aOR, 27.3; 95% CI, 3.74-596, P = 0.006), and absence of T2 dark area (aOR, 83.5; 95% CI, 12.4-1916, P < 0.001). The classifier that combined qualitative MRI features and DWI-based quantitative parameters showed significantly better performance than without DWI-based parameters in the validation set (AUC, 0.92 vs. 0.78; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The addition of DWI-based quantitative parameters to qualitative MRI features improved the diagnostic performance of the logistic regression classifier in differentiating uterine sarcomas from atypical leiomyomas on preoperative MRI.