• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.243-251
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• 1998

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer has been extensively used in the traditional oriental medicine as a restorative, tonic and prophylatic agent. Petroleum ether extract of panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (GPE) and its several fractions (PI-P5) were tested for the evaluation of antigenotoxicity against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced micronucleated reticulocytes in mouse peripheral blood. GPE and P2 showed more significant anticlastogenicity than other fractions did. To elucidate the anticlastogenic action mechanism of GPE and P2 against B(a)P, the alteration of B(a)P metabolism was studied. GPE and P2 inhibited B(a)P metabolism in the presence of 8-9 mix and decreased B(a)P-DNA binding in calf thymus DNA with 8-9 mix. They also decreased [$^3H$] MNU induced DNA binding and methylation to 7-methyl guanine and $O^{6}-methyl$ guanine adducts in calf thymus DNA by RPLC analysis. These results suggest that the anticlastogenicity of GPE and P2 on the B(a)P or MNU-induced clastogenicity is due to decrease of DNA binding with B(a)P or MNU, the inhibition of metabolism with B(a)P and the inhibition of methylation in DNA. Therefore, GPE and P2 may be useful chemopreventive agents of alkylating agent like MNU and secondary carcinogen like B(a)P.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.371-376
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• 1992

Plasmid pSL4 of plasmid pKM 101 mutant have high protection effects and mutagenecity for UV and methyl methanesulfonate, The mucA gene and a pan of mucE gene of pKM 101 and pSL4 were sucloned onto lacZ' fusion vector pMC874 and the hybrid plasmids pBH31 and pBH30 were selected. These plsmids were intrduced into $recA^{+}lexA^{-}$, $recA^{-}와lexA^{+}$ strains and determined the activity of $\beta$-galactosidase for UV. In $recA^{+}lexA^{+}$ strain.$\beta$-galactosidase activity of pBH30 included mue region of pSL4 was higher thall pBH31 inclued muc region of pKM 10 I and the tf-galactosidase of two plasmids was not induced in reeA and leeA mutants with or without UV illumination. Without UV illumination. the .$\beta$-galactosidasc of pBH30 was expressed a little higher level than that of pBH3L We suggest that the functional difference of pKM 10l and pSL4 are due to the variety of mue regulatory region. Also. a plasmid pBH 100 earring umuC' -lacZ' gene fusion was constructed in vitro to study the regulation of the umu operon. It was shown that the umu operon is induced by UV and is regulated by the reeA and lexA genes.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.7
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• pp.545-552
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• 2007

P3P(Platform for Privacy Preference) that is used in the World Wide Web is a standard to define and negotiate policies about definition, transmission, collection, and maintenance of personal information. Current P3P standard provides methods that define client personal information protection policy and P3P policy associated with web server. It also provides a method that compares these two policies. The current P3P standard, however, does not handle detail functions for safe transmission of the personal information and data. Also, it does not handle problems that can be induced by the detail functions. In this paper, in order to solve these problems, we propose a Secure P3P(S-P3P) protocol, which is a security protocol for the current P3P standard, offers mutual authentication between the web server and the client, and guarantees integrity and confidentiality of the messages and data. Furthermore, a S-P3P protocol provides non-repudiation on transmission and reception of personal information that is transmitted from the client to the web server.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.392-402
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the eating habit, food intake frequency and preferred food and taste of juvenile delinquents (100 numbers) and male high school students (100 numbers), using questionnaires from August to October 2004. 1) It was shown that the juvenile delinquents took more unbalanced diet (p<0.05), smoking (p<0.001) and drinking (p<0.001) than general students, while general students had more eating between meals (p<0.01). 2) The intake of food was a significant difference in white rices (p<0.01), bibimbab (p<0.001), kimbab (p<0.001), fried rice (p<0.001), ramen (p<0.001), jajangmyun (p<0.001), jambong (p<0.001), hamburger (p<0.001), pizza (p<0.001) and breads (p<0.05). The juvenile delinquents took more major food than that of general students in all the items except for white rice. It was observed, then, that the juvenile delinquents showed more intake of such subsidiary foods as bulgoki (p<0.001), roasted thin pork chops (p<0.001), grilled pork belly (p<0.001), pork cutlet (p<0.01), sweet and sour pork (p<0.001), chicken with ginseng (p<0.001), fried chicken (p<0.001), kimchi pot stew (p<0.01) and zucchini (p<0.05) than general students, with general students taking more kimchi (p<0.01) and fried or boiled soybean curd (p<0.01). The intake of dessert was a significant difference in yogurt (p<0.01), orange juice (p<0.001), cola (p<0.001), soft drinks (p<0.001), ion drinks (p<0.001), coffee (p<0.001), apple (p<0.01), banana (p<0.001), orange (p<0.001), cake (p<0.001), hot dog (p<0.001), ddokbokgi (p<0.01), mandu (p<0.001), fried fish paste (p<0.05), steamed korean sausage (p<0.001), fried foods (p<0.05), hem & sausage (p<0.001), cheese (p<0.001), ice-cream (p<0.001), candy (p<0.01), chocolate (p<0.001), mayonnaise (p<0.05), jam (p<0.01) and butter & margarine (p<0.01). Then, the juvenile delinquents were shown to entirely have more intake of all the desserts than those of general students. 3) Regarding preference of foods, it was shown that the juvenile delinquents preferred cereals (p<0.05), grilled pork belly (p<0.001), chicken with ginseng (p<0.01), anchovies and small fish (p<0.05), chicken with ginseng (p<0.05), seasoned spinach (p<0.001), seasoned zucchini (p<0.001), milk (p<0.05), coffee (p<0.001) and butter & margarine (p<0.05) while general students did egg (p<0.01), soybean sprout soup (p<0.001), boiled or fried potato (p<0.05), seasoned soybean sprout (p<0.05), boiled or fried soybean curd (p<0.01), fried foods (p<0.01) and snack (p<0.05). For their preference of tastes, hot taste (p<0.01) was higher in the juvenile delinquents. 4) Under general environments there was a change of the difference in their behaviour of pork cutlet (p<0.01) intake in accordance with other family and of milk (p<0.001) and butter & margarine (p<0.05) preference in accordance with growth in a big city between the two groups.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2004

Previously, we synthesized a novel Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, MCS-5A. Also, we investigated the involvement of cell cycle regulatory events during MCS-5A-mediated apoptosis in HL-60(+p16/-p53) cells with up-regulation of p16 protein expression. In contrast, apoptosis was not observed in A549(-p16/+p53) cells. Therefore we propose that $p16^{INK4A}$ is a key enzyme for inducing apoptosis. In the present studies, we have explored the mechanism of $p16^{INK4A}$ -mediated cytotoxicity and the role of p16.sup INK4A/ overexpression in the induction of apoptosis in human tumor cells. The tumor suppressor gene $p16^{INK4A}$ is known as a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) and cell cycle regulator. We expressed wild type $p16^{INK4A}$ in pcDNA3.1 vector and then transfected into non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell expressing different statue of p16$^{INK4A}$, p53 gene〔A549(-p16/+p53), H1299(-p16/-p53) and HeLa(+pl6/+p53) cell line〕. TUNEL assay (including propidium iodide staining following transfection of these cell line with pcDNA3.1-pl6) indicate that p16$^{INK4A}$-mediated cytotoxicity was associated with apoptosis. This is supported by studies demonstrating an induction of caspase 3 cleavage due to the transfection of A549, H1299 and HeLa cells with pcDNA3.1-pl6. These results suggest that p16$^{INK4A}$ has a new function of inducing apoptosis which is not related with the function of tumor suppressor gene p53.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.396-400
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• 2011

P2P(peer to Peer) network is a distributed network architecture composed of participants that make a portion of their resources directly available to other network participants, without the need for a central server. Currently, convergence network industry using wired and mobile are grows rapidly. So P2P protocols will be used between mobile and wired network. But current P2P protocols are focused on the wired networks only and there are no simulators for performance analysis of mobile P2P. In this paper, we design a P2P simulation system for performance analysis of P2P protocols in mobile, wired and convergence networks. It is constructed by a well-known mobile network simulator and wired based P2P protocol simulator. Finally we have implemented a smart TV test-bed using our P2P test-bed for convergence networks.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.445-449
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• 2011

A P2P technique is the concept to share sources efficiently in distributed environment that is studying a lot. In these P2P systems, the server to support the contents-information have less overloads than the composed system as the server to have resources generally. In this paper, we suggest a P2P system to support conveniences for users that were connected with the information of joint-buying based on social network. The joint-buying information based on social network is supported by peers using a p2p system and these information to intermediate are supported by a P2P server.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.7-11
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• 1983

A measurable function f defined on a measurable subset A of the real line R is called pth power summable on A if │f│$^{p}$ is integrable on A and the set of all pth power summable functions on A is denoted by L$^{p}$ (A). For each member f in L$^{p}$ (A), we define ∥f∥$_{p}$ =(equation omitted) For real numbers p and q where (equation omitted) and (equation omitted), we discuss the Holder's inequality ∥fg∥$_1$<∥f∥$_{p}$ ∥g∥$_{q}$ , f$\in$L$^{p}$ (A), g$\in$L$^{q}$ (A) and the Minkowski inequality ∥＋g∥$_{p}$ <∥f∥$_{p}$ ＋∥g∥$_{p}$ , f,g$\in$L$^{p}$ (A). In this paper also discuss that L$_{p}$ (A) becomes a metric space with the metric $\rho$ : L$^{p}$ (A) $\times$L$^{p}$ (A) longrightarrow R where $\rho$(f,g)=∥f-g∥$_{p}$ , f,g$\in$L$^{p}$ (A). Then, in this paper prove the Riesz-Fischer theorem, i.e., the space L$^{p}$ (A) is complete and that the space L$^{p}$ (A) is separable.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.275-286
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• 2001

In this paper, a skew polynomial ring $R[x;\alpha]$ of a ring R with a monomorphism $\alpha$ are investigated as follows: For a reduced ring R, assume that $\alpha(P){\subseteq}P$ for any minimal prime ideal P in R. Then (i) $R[x;\alpha]$ is a reduced ring, (ii) a ring R is Baer(resp. quasi-Baer, p.q.-Baer, a p.p.-ring) if and only if the skew polynomial ring $R[x;\alpha]$ is Baer(resp. quasi-Baer, p.q.-Baer, a p.p.-ring).

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.315-327
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• 2022

In this paper, we investigate the transferred superstability for the p-radical sine functional equation $$f\(\sqrt[p]{\frac{x^p+y^p}{2}}\)^2-f\(\sqrt[p]{\frac{x^p-y^p}{2}}\)^2=f(x)f(y)$$ from the p-radical functional equations: $$f({\sqrt[p]{x^p+y^p}})+f({\sqrt[p]{x^p-y^p}})={\lambda}g(x)g(y),\;\\f({\sqrt[p]{x^p+y^p}})+f({\sqrt[p]{x^p-y^p}})={\lambda}g(x)h(y),$$ where p is an odd positive integer, λ is a positive real number, and f is a complex valued function. Furthermore, the results are extended to Banach algebras. Therefore, the obtained result will be forced to the pre-results(p=1) for this type's equations, and will serve as a sample to apply it to the extension of the other known equations.