• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2003.08a
• /
• pp.81-84
• /
• 2003

Conductive polyaniline(PANI)-camphosulfonic acid (CSA) film applied as a hole injection layer in ITO/PANI/P3HT/LiF/Al device. In the AFM images, electrochemically polymerized PANI-CSA films have the small particles and smooth sufficient for application as hole injection layer. By insertion of PANI-CSA buffer layer, the turn on voltage of ITO/PANI/P3HT/LiF/Al device lowed by 3V, whereas that of ITO/P3HT/LiF/Al device shows 5V.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2010

Feeding is an important aspect of insect nutrition which in turn supports growth, development, reproduction and survival. The impact of quantitative feeding on nutritional parameters of fifth instar Antheraea mylitta larvae was studied by providing fresh leaves of Terminalia tomentosa for 1 to 4 times a day. All the parameters improved upon providing fresh diets more times over the single diet (1FD). The absolute body weight increased with increase in number of feeds/day significantly (P<0.001). While the maximum weight recorded was 29.61 g in 1FD, the respective weights for two feeds/day (2FD), three feeds/day (3FD) and four feeds/day (4FD) were 39.41 g, 40.63 g and 42.66 g respectively. Feeding period and instar duration were declined (P<0.001) and survival increased significantly (P<0.001) upon increase in the number of diets. Nutritional indices like ingestion, digestion, relative consumption rate (RCR), relative growth rate (RGR) and gain in body weight increased significantly with the increase in number of feeds/day, but approximate digestibility (AD) and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) declined, while efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) did not change.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2008

Existing shortest-path algorithms mainly consider a single attribute. But traveler actually chooses a route considering not single attribute but various attributes which are synthesized travel time, route length, personal preference, etc. Therefore, to search the optimal path, these attributes are considered synthetically. In this study route searching algorithm which selects the maximum utility route using discrete choice model has developed in order to consider various attributes. Six elements which affect route choice are chosen for the route choice model and parameters of the models are estimated using survey data. A multinomial logit models are developed to design the function of route choice model. As a result, the model which has route length, delay time, the number of turning as parameter is selected based on the significance test. We use existing shortest path algorithm, which can reflect urban transportation network such as u-turn or p-turn, and apply it to the real network.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.120-125
• /
• 2000

M2PI is an active single chain mini-proinsulin with a 9-residue linker containing the turn-forming sequence 'YPGDV' between the B- and A-chains, but which retains about 50% of native insulin receptor binding activity. The refolding efficiency of M2PI is higher than proinsulin by 20-40% at alkaline pH, and native insulin is generated by the enzymatic conversion of M2PI. The solution structure of M2PI was determined by NMR spectroscopy. The global structure of M2PI is similar to that of native insulin, but the flexible linker between the B- and A-chains perturbed the N-terminal A-chain and C-terminal B-chain. The helix in the N-terminal A-chain is partly perturbed and the ${\beta}$-turn in the B-chain is disrupted in M2PI. However, the linker between the two chains was completely disordered indicating that the designed turn was not formed under the experimental conditions (20% acetic acid). Considering the fact that an insulin analogue, directly cross-linked between the C-terminus of the B-chain and the N-terminus of the A-chain, has negligible binding activity, a flexible linker between the two chains is sufficient to keep binding activity of M2PI, but the perturbed secondary structures are detrimental to receptor binding.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.403-407
• /
• 2013

Fouett$\acute{e}$ turns are repeated pirouettes which begin as a normal pirouette en dehors but include a movement that allows the rotational momentum lost to friction to be regained once each revolution. The purpose of this study was to investigate on orientation density of head/trunk to the front with and without music to which dancers perform the Fouette turn in time. 10 female dancers($21.0{\pm}1.4$ years old, height; $165.3{\pm}3.9$ cm, weight: $50.5{\pm}5.7$ kg) who are the students of S University participated in this study. It took shorter time to perform one revolution of fouette turn with music (930 ms) than without music (961 ms), which reason may be the shorter time of phase 2 in which the rotational momentum is not produced but lost to fiction. Orientation density of trunk to the front was smaller with music (.176) than without music (.196), while the one of head had not significant difference between with and without music. And the path length of marker on $2^{nd}$ left metatarsal bone during one revolution was smaller with music (35.7 cm) than without music (40.2 cm) but the difference was not statistically significant (p=.267).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.38C no.2
• /
• pp.165-171
• /
• 2013

WAVE(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) is a representative V2V communication protocol and its standards of MAC and PHY parts except for security were published. In order to control traffic flow and ensure driver's safety using V2V communication, various projects are conducting. In particular, safety application has been researched. Therefore, in this paper, we designed the safety application algorithm, which informs a driver of the dangerous status when driver tries to turn left in an intersection and we also implemented the algorithm. Proposed algorithm configures a model for a host vehicle and a vehicle coming in opposite lane and in case that there is collision hazard it provides warning message to driver by using HMI. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithm's performance, we configured the test bed using test vehicles and we tested the algorithm on proving ground with the composed test scenarios. As test results, our system showed excellent performance. If the infrastructures for V2I communications are constructed, we will optimize our system more precisely and stably.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2014

The natural convection heat transfers of a helical coil in a duct were measured experimentally varying the inclination. To achieve high Rayleigh number, mass transfer experiments instead of heat transfer experiments were performed based upon the analogy. The $Ra_D$ was fixed to $4.55{\times}10^6$. The turn numbers were 1~10. the pitch to diameter ratio were 1.3~5, and the inclination of the helical coil $0^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$. The measured $Nu_D$ for a single turn of the helical coil was very close to that from McAdams heat transfer correlation for a horizontal cylinder. The heat transfers of the helical coil were varied by the pith, number of turns, and duct height in a complex manner showing the velocity, chimney, and pre-heating effects. The results of the study contributes to the phenomenological analyses of the natural convection heat transfer of a compact heat exchanger.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• v.16
• /
• pp.65-65
• /
• 2006

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.288.3-289
• /
• 2002

Increasing evidence regarding free radical generating agents and inflammatory processes suggests that accumulation of reactive oxygen species can cause hepatotoxicity. A short-chain analog of lipid hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), can be metabolized to free radical intermediates by cytochrome P-450 in hepatocytes. which in turn can initiate lipid peroxidation, affect cell integrity and result in cell injury. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1990.07a
• /
• pp.405-408
• /
• 1990

This paper is study on resonance type high-frequency inverter using self turn-off devices. The power conversion circuits adopt full-bridge of voltage-fed type. IN the circuit analysis, resistance load was used to estimate of characteristic.