• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oxolinic acid

Search Result 71, Processing Time 0.025 seconds

Analysis of Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Oxolinic Acid, and Flumequin in Foods (식품 중 아목시실린, 암피실린, 옥소린산 및 플루메퀸의 분석)

  • Kim, Hee-Yun;Choi, Hee-Ju;Kim, Yong-Hoon;Choi, Sun-Hee;Cheong, So-Young;Lee, Hwa-Jeong;Kim, Jae-In;Choi, Gye-Sun;Choi, Jae-Chun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.41 no.5
    • /
    • pp.490-497
    • /
    • 2009
  • The present study was performed to validate an analytical method for veterinary drugs, including amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxolinic acid and flumequin, in meat, fish, and their products as established in the 2007 Korea Food Code, and to monitor the respective drugs in 6 kinds of foods, namely beef, pork, flatfish, rockfish, freshwater eel and shrimp. Additionally, an HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for the qualification of these veterinary drugs. As a result of monitoring, these drugs were detected in 14 (3.6%) out of 393 samples. In particular, amoxicillin was detected in 9 flatfish samples, and oxolinic acid and flumequin were detected in 4 samples and 1 sample of freshwater eel, respectively. The detection levels of amoxicillin ranged from 0.009 to 0.078 mg/kg, in which 1 sample of flatfish contained more than the MRL (0.05 mg/kg). Flumequin detected in 1 sample of freshwater eel, was less than the MRL (0.5 mg/kg). Therefore, the majority of detected levels were less than the MRLs, with the exception of 2 samples showing amounts that were 1-2 times higher than the MRLs. The detected veterinary drugs were identified and confirmed by the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method created in this study.

Contamination Level of Ralstonia solanacearum in Soil of Greenhouses Cultivating tomato Plants in Chungbuk Province and Characteristics of the Isolates (충북지역 토마토 시설재배지의 풋마름병균(Ralstonia solanacearum) 오염도 및 분리균주의 특성)

  • Yun, Gon-Sig;Park, Sang-Yong;Kang, Hyo-Jung;Lee, Ki-Yeol;Cha, Jae-Soon
    • Research in Plant Disease
    • /
    • v.10 no.1
    • /
    • pp.58-62
    • /
    • 2004
  • Contamination level and characteristics of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil of greenhouses cultivating tomato plants in Chungbuk province was determined. R. solanacearum was isolated with the semiselective media in 27 greenhouse soil samples out of 133 greenhouses soil investigated, which indicates 20.3 % of tomato cultivating greenhouses in Chungbuk contaminated with the bacterial wilt pathogen. Density of R. solanacearum was estimated to 10$^{2.4}$ cfu/g in the contaminated soil. All 71 isolates of R. solanacearum which containing 12 isolates from the diseased tomato plants were race 1, ann 35 isolates of them were biovar 3 and 36 isolates were biovar 4. More than 88% of 71 isolates were inhibited growth on nutrient agar containing oxolinic acid 0.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, streptomycin 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, tetracycline 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and cupric sulfate 375 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml (1.5 mM). The 11.3%, 4.2% and 5.6 % of the isolates can grow on nutrient agar containing 10 times more oxolinic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline than minimal inhibitory concentration of the sensitive strains. Five isolates were resistant to 2 bactericides and one isolates was resistant to all 3 bactericides.

Characterization of Vibrio ponticus KJS1 Isolated from Larvae of Maroon clownfish, Premnas biaculeatus (Maroon clownfish, Premnas biaculeatus 자어로부터 분리한 Vibrio ponticus KJS1의 특성)

  • Kim, Jong-Su;Rho, Sum;Kang, Bong-Jo
    • Journal of fish pathology
    • /
    • v.20 no.1
    • /
    • pp.25-31
    • /
    • 2007
  • Vibriosis is one of the most important diseases affecting marin fish. In this study, a bacterium belonging to the Vibrio were isolated from maroon clownfish (Premnas biaculeatus) larvae (3~7 days after hatching). The bacterium was identified as Vibrio ponticus KJS1 by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The result of biochemical test using the GN2 microplate (BioLog Inc, USA) showed that it has the ability to use 35 substrates including dextrin and sucrose was detected, could not degrade 52 substrates including α-cyclodextrin, and showed the weak ability to use 7 substrates including glycogen. It was sensitive to oxolinic acid, flumequine, ciprofloxacine, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, pefloxacin, and doxycycline hydrochloride.

Bacterial flora and antibiotics resistance of intestinal bacteria in the wild and cultured black rockfish, Sebastes inermis (자연산 및 양식산 볼락, Sebastes inermis의 장내세균총 및 장내세균의 약제내성 비교)

  • Kim, Seok-RyeI;Kim, Jeong-Ho;Jung, Sung-Ju;Oh, Myung-Joo
    • Journal of fish pathology
    • /
    • v.20 no.3
    • /
    • pp.221-227
    • /
    • 2007
  • In this study, one hundred strains of bacterial flora were isolated from the intestine of cultured and wild black rockfish Sebastes inermis collected in Yeosu and examined for drug resistance to 9 antibiotics. From cultrued fish, the isolated bacteria were Photobacterium group (26 strains) and Acinetobacter group (18 strains) of Gram-negative, and unidentified marine sediment bacterium (6 strains) of Gram-positive. From wild fish, Photobacterium group (18 strains), Acinetobacter group (12 strains) and Shewanella group (5 strains) of Gram-negative and Bacillus group (8 strains), Staphylococcus group (4 strains), and unidentified marine sediment bacterium (3 strains) of Gram-positive. Intestine flora of wild black rockfish was more diverse than that of one cultured. The drugs tested were tetracyclines (oxytetracycline), aminoglycosides (gentamicin), macrorides (erythromycin) and quinolones (flumequine, oxolinic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin). Sensitivity to all seven antibiotics except oxytetracycline and oxolinic acid was higher in bacteria from wild fish than from cultured ones, although wild isolates were more resistant than control strain Escherichia coli ATCC9637. This suggests that use of antibiotics in the fish farm might have some resistance in intestinal flora of wild fish.

Pharmacokinetics of oxolinic acid in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration, injection and dipping (Oxolinic acid의 경구투여, 주사 및 약욕에 따른 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus 체내 약물동태학적 특성)

  • Jung, Sung-Hee;Choi, Dong-Lim;Kim, Jin-Woo;Jo, Mi-Ra;Jee, Bo-Young;Seo, Jung-Soo
    • Journal of fish pathology
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.125-135
    • /
    • 2009
  • The pharmacokinetic properties of oxolinic acid (OA) were studied after oral administration, intraperitoneal injection and dipping to cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (average 90 g, $23{\pm}1{^{\circ}C}$). Plasma samples were taken at 3, 5, 10, 15, 24, 30, 48, 96 and 144 h post-dose. In oral dosage at 15, 30 and 60 ㎎/㎏, the peak plasma concentrations of OA, which attained at 10~15 h post-dose, were 1.92, 2.45 and 3.72 $\mu{g}/m\ell$, respectively. In intraperitoneal injection with 10 and 20 ㎎/㎏, the peak plasma concentrations of OA, which attained at 10 h post-dose, were 4.1 and 4.8 $\mu{g}/m\ell$, respectively. In dipping in 30 and 50 ppm for 1 h, peak concentrations were observed at 5 h and 30 h post-dose, were 0.22 and 0.38 $\mu{g}/m\ell$, respectively. The kinetic profile of absorption, distribution and elimination of OA in plasma were analyzed fitting to a one-compartment model by WinNonlin program. Calculated parameters for a single oral dosage of 15, 30 and 60 ㎎/㎏, respectively, were: AUC (the area under the concentration-time curve)=70.93, 120.0 and 141.86 $\mu{g}$ $h/m\ell$ $T_{max}$ (time for maximum concentration)=16.22, 20.39 and 17.33 h; $C_{max}$ (maximum concentration)=���D1.61, 2.40 and 3.01 $\mu{g}/m\ell$. Following intraperitoneal injection of 10 and 20 ㎎/㎏, these parameters were AUC=184.7 and 315.92 $\mu{g}$ $h/m\ell$ $T_{max}$=5.91 and 6.26 h; $C_{max}$=4.19 and 4.45 $\mu{g}/m\ell$. Following dipping at 30 and 50 ppm, these parameters were AUC=17.58 and 21.69 $\mu{g}$ $h/m\ell$ $T_{max}$=19.08 and 31.43 h; $C_{max}$x=0.22 and 0.25 $\mu{g}/m\ell$.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Bovine Udder Infections (젖소 유방염유래(乳房炎由來) Gram 음성간균의(陰性桿菌) 약제감수성(藥劑感受性))

  • Park, Cheon Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
    • /
    • v.20 no.1
    • /
    • pp.53-58
    • /
    • 1980
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility of 157 Gram-negative bacilli (90 Escherichia coli. 30 Enterobacter aerogenes, 18 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 12 Proteus spp., 3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 Alcaligenes faecalis) isolated from infected bovine udders was determined by the plate dilution method. Gentamicin and oxolinic acid at a concentration of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$ were very active to all of 157 Gram-negative bacilli tested, and 98% of these strains were susceptible to nalidixic acid at a concentration of $25{\mu}g/ml$. Most of the 90 Escherichia coli strains were inhibited by chloramphenicol, ampicillin and carbenicillin and carbenicillin at a concentration of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$. None of the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were inhibited at a concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$ of ampicillin and carbenillin, whereas all the species of Proteus resisted a concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$ or higher tetracycline. All the 3 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were highly resistant to streptomycin, kanamycin, Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and nalidixic acid.

  • PDF

Transition-Metal-Mediated Cytotoxicity of Quinolones to L1210 Cells

  • Ko, Tong-Sung;Kwon, Tae-Ik;Kim, Moon-Jip;Park Il-Hyeon;Ryu Hyeong-Won
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.15 no.6
    • /
    • pp.442-448
    • /
    • 1994
  • Transition metals tested, $Cu^{2+}$, and $Ni^{2+}$, were found effective in the induction of the cytotoxicity of the quinolones tested, nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, and pipemidic acid, against L1210 leukemia cells in vitro, whereas the alkaline earth metal, $Mg^{2+}$, was not. The differential effect of the metals on the quinolone cytotoxicity can be explained by their different mode of interaction with the quinolones. Our present difference spectroscopic titration data suggest that the transition metals can form DNA-intercalating agents, with the quinolones, which can cause the cytotoxicity.

Effect of temperature on pharmacokinetics of nalidixic acid, piromidic acid and oxolinic acid in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus following oral administration (넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus에 nalidixic acid, piromidic acid, oxolinic acid의 경구투여 약물동태에 미치는 수온의 영향)

  • Jung, Sung-Hee;Kim, Jin-Woo;Seo, Jung-Soo;Choi, Dong-Lim;Jee, Bo-Young;Park, Myoung-Ae
    • Journal of fish pathology
    • /
    • v.23 no.1
    • /
    • pp.57-67
    • /
    • 2010
  • Effects of temperature ($13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$) on the pharmacokinetic properties of nalidixic acid (NA), piromidic acid (PA) and oxolinic acid (OA) were studied after oral administration to cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Serum concentrations of these antimicrobials were determined after oral administration of a single dosage of 60 mg/kg body weight (average 700 g). At $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, the peak serum concentrations of NA, PA and OA, which attained at 10 h, 24 h and 30 h post-dose, were 11.55, 3.79 and $1.12{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. At $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, the peak serum concentrations of NA, PA and OA, which attained at 10 h, 15 h and 30 h post-dose, were 6.36, 1.4 and $1.01{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. Better absorption of NA and PA was noted at $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ compared to $23{\pm}13^{\circ}C$. The elimination of NA from serum of olive flounder was considerably faster at $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ than at $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$. However, both absorption and elimination of OA were not affected significantly by temperature. The kinetic profile of absorption, distribution and elimination of these antimicrobials in serum were analyzed by fitting to a one- and two compartment model, with WinNonlin program. In the one compartment model for NA, AUC, Tmax and Cmax at $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ were $258.26{\mu}g{\cdot}h/m\ell$, 10.67 h and $8.91{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. The AUC, $T_{max}$ and $C_{max}$ at $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ were $341.45 {\mu}g{\cdot}h/m\ell$, 7.72 h and $6.23{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. In the one compartment model for PA, AUC, $T_{max}$ and $C_{max}$ at $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ were $248.12{\mu}g{\cdot}h/m\ell$, 21.15 h and $3.09{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. The AUC, $T_{max}$ and $C_{max}$ at $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ were $103.89{\mu}g{\cdot}h/m\ell$, 12.89 h and $1.22{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. In the two compartment model for OA, AUC, $T_{max}$ and $C_{max}$ at $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ were $138.20{\mu}g{\cdot}h/m\ell$, 23.95 h and $1.06{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively. The AUC, $T_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ at $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ were $159.10{\mu}g{\cdot}h/m\ell$, 28.03 h and $1.02{\mu}g/m\ell$, respectively.

The Effects of Temperature, pH, and Bactericides on the Growth of Erwinia pyrifoliae and Erwinia amylovora

  • Shrestha, Rosemary;Lee, Seon-Hwa;Hur, Jang-Hyun;Lim, Chun-Keun
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
    • /
    • v.21 no.2
    • /
    • pp.127-131
    • /
    • 2005
  • In this comparative study, the effects of temperature, pH, and bactericides on the growth of Erwinia pyrifoliae and Erwinia amylovora were investigated. The maximum temperature for the growth of both Erwinia species was estimated to be $36{\circ}C$. The maximum specific growth rates of E. pyrifoliae and E. amylovora were observed at $27{\circ}C$ and $28{\circ}C$, respectively, and no significant growth differences were shown at their optimum temperatures. However, at lower temperatures ranging from 12-$21{\circ}C$, E. pyrifoliae showed higher growth rates with doubling times shorter than those of E. amylovora. Distinct growth rates at these temperatures revealed that E. pyrifoliae is more cold-tolerant than E. amylovora. The optimum pH for the growth of both pathogens was 7.5 and growth was not seen at pH ${\le}$ 5.0 and ${\ge}$ 10.0. These results showed that the effect of pH on the growth of E. pyrifoliae and E. amylovora was similar. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of copper sulfate, oxolinic acid, streptomycin, and tetracycline, which inhibited growth of E. pyrifoliae and E. amylovora, were determined. The strains of both pathogens were able to grow at 0.08-0.32 mM copper sulfate, but not at higher concentrations. However, none of the tested strains grew in the presence of oxolinic acid (0.001 mM), streptomycin (0.1 mM), and tetracycline (0.01 mM) concentrations. These results suggested that all strains of both Erwinia species were sensitive to tested bactericides and indicated no occurrence of resistant strains of E. pyrifoliae in Korea.

Development of Control Method for Strawberry Bacterial Angular Spot Disease (Xanthomonas fragariae) (딸기 세균모무늬병(Xanthomonas fragariae)의 방제를 위한 약제 선발)

  • Kim, Da-Ran;Gang, Geun-Hye;Cho, Hyun ji;Myung, Inn-Shik;Yoon, Hae-Suk;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
    • /
    • v.19 no.3
    • /
    • pp.287-294
    • /
    • 2015
  • In Korea, Strawberry bacterial angular leaf spot disease was first reported in 2010. The disease of strawberry caused serious problem for strawberry producers and export. To field test, we applied the bactericides in June and October as nursery stage and cultivation stage, respectively. In nursery stage with high temperature condition, Oxolinic acid (97.2%) showed significant control effect. In cultivation stage with low temperature condition is soil sterilization and soil non- sterilization the control effect. In cultivation stage in soil sterilization stage Validamycin (93.3%) showed reliable control effect against the disease. Also, soil non-sterilization stage with low control effect of Validamycin (80%) showed control effect the lower than a soil sterilization stage.