• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.195-206
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of teacher on fourth-grade students' attitudes toward mathematics using data from TIMSS 2011. Students' attitudes toward mathematics included interest in learning mathematics, interest in mathematics lessons, and confidence in their mathematics ability. Teacher factors included mathematics professional development, confidence in teaching mathematics, teacher-centered mathematics instruction, and enhancing student mathematical thinking. The two level Hierarchical Linear Model was employed to analyze the relationship between teacher factors and student attitudes. Results showed that teacher-centered mathematics instruction significantly and positively predicted students' confidence about their mathematics ability. The findings suggest that school systems and mathematics educators need to provide teachers with the curriculum, assessment, and research-based practices and knowledge to overcome the obstacles to change their mathematics classroom.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.259-271
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• 2008

In the information society where knowledge plays a significant role, the value of the corporate organization creates knowledge strategically and spreads it to the whole organization so as to reinforce the efficiency of the work force. After KMS was recognized as one of core competences of company, KMS based on information technology has been introduced actively to many corporate organizations for the implementation of realizing knowledge management. As the strategic use of KMS increases in company, it has attracted attention to the system and the investment in the system, now attention has brought to the effect of the system. The efficiency and effectiveness of KMS has been tackled as one of the most important issues, and then many studies have been implemented to measure the result of the system. The purpose of this study is to overcome these problems and to help make an important decision in establishing introduction strategy by abstracting the reasons and success factors and result indices which are important sources for introducing KMS.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.46-63
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• 2004

The service quality factors which causes an effect in restaurant selections appeared with gain and loss factors of essence and the customers. The restaurant recommendation factor was appeared with shedding of blood characteristics. The research which sees Korean-style food party's decision making is difficult with the plan of the security and loyalty of customers presented. The marketing strategy for the customer loyalty of Korean-style food party will be able to be overcome. The critical point of the research which sees for the security of the loyalty customer selects a target market, and the strategy which invades intensively is necessary. The Korean-style food party decision may cause the customer fractionation anger which follows in market fractionation anger. It does not become accomplished from the research which sees but with the critical point of research to appear, the research of creation of the loyalty customer who applies a market fractionation anger necessity will be becomes feed with hereafter research subject.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 2005

Bruxism is defined as 'diurnal or nocturnal parafunctional activity including clenching, bracing, gnashing, and grinding of the teeth'. Bruxism and clenching are two of the most common contributing factors in patients with temporomandibular disorders and craniofacial pain disorders. Even though many studies report the high prevalence of bruxism, its cause is still not clear. Occlusal interference has been regarded as a major etiologic factor. Nowadays, psychological stress and sleeping disorders are generally regarded as major possible etiologic factors. More than likely, the cause is multifactoral and overlapping, which makes it difficult for the practitioner to apply comprehensive and effective management strategies. Although dentists and psychologists generally believe that effective treatment is best achieved with a better understanding of the etiology of a given disorder, for now treatment for this type of disorder must proceed without a clear understanding of etiology. To overcome this obstacle, evidence-based comprehensive management protocols based on accumulated scientific findings should be provided. In this presentation, epidemiology, etiology, and the characteristics of bruxism are reviewed. Diagnostic procedures and management strategies focused on occlusal appliances and behavioral approaches are also discussed.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.90-93
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• 2001

Various soil remedial technologies have been developed and main effort has been to overcome the limiting factors. Major factors were the geophysical characteristics, especially hydraulic, electrical, and heat conductivities. In this paper, I have reviewed the remedial technologies depending on those. Only with comprehensive understanding and information on those characteristics, selection of the best remedial method can be possible.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.259-265
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• 2012

The intent of this article was to analyze the potential hazards and risks involved in persons exposed to prosthodontic practice. These risks include exposure to physical and chemical hazards, dental materials, infectious environment, inappropriate working pattern and psychosocial stress. The potential harm of these hazards and its prevention is highlighted. Prosthodontists, students, dental technicians, and others working in the prosthodontic clinics and laboratory should be aware of the specific risk factors and take measures to prevent and overcome these hazards.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.467-477
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• 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known pathogen that can cause diseases in humans. It can cause both mild superficial skin infections and serious deep tissue infections, including pneumonia, osteomyelitis, and infective endocarditis. To establish host infection, S. aureus manages a complex regulatory network to control virulence factor production in both temporal and host locations. Among these virulence factors, staphyloxanthin, a carotenoid pigment, has been shown to play a leading role in S. aureus pathogenesis. In addition, staphyloxanthin provides integrity to the bacterial cell membrane and limits host oxidative defense mechanisms. The overwhelming rise of Staphylococcus resistance to routinely used antibiotics has necessitated the development of novel anti-virulence agents to overcome this resistance. This review presents an overview of the chief virulence determinants in S. aureus. More attention will be paid to staphyloxanthin, which could be a possible target for anti-virulence agents.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify factors inhibiting access of people with disability to health check-ups as well as identify pertinent solutions for improvement. Methods: Twenty-three people with disability older than the age of 19 who took respective health check-ups within the last 3 years were selected as participants. For the data collection, the 1:1 intensive interview was used. The data were analyzed by the grounded theory by Corbin and Strauss. Results: The results comprised nine categories, 23 subcategories, and 179 concepts. The central phenomenon was 'failure to obtain check-ups.' Causal conditions were observed as a 'lack of communication method,' 'physical difficulties,' and 'staff unfamiliar with people with disability,' Interventional conditions comprised 'physical accessibility,' 'staffs' competency,' and 'assistant manpower.' The active strategy was included 'to investigate the professional medical institution,' 'to find the medical institution of convenient traffic accessibility,' 'to overcome communication difficulties through equipment,' and 'to overcome linguistic barriers through sufficient communication.' Whereas, 'utilization of ancillary equipment,' 'the education of staffs on people with disability,' 'universal design manual,' and 'customized check-ups' were included in the passive strategy. Such processes arose in the contextual conditions of 'lack of expectations for daily lives' and 'lack of government support.' As a consequence, the subjects participated experienced the 'disadvantages,' 'discrimination,' and 'reduced reliability of the health check-ups.' Conclusion: The subjects who participated in this study emphasized 'staffs familiar with people with disability' and 'systems customized for people with disability' are mandatory to secure complete health check-ups for people with disability.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to solve the problem of revision or abbreviation of questionnaires based on the previous studies suggested by many existing empirical studies. In addition, this study aims to provide the theoretical basis of the research method which has been variously approached since it presents the methodology that can directly measure the research object. For this purpose, this study proposed a more elaborate analysis method using the differences in perception of individuals who are interested in cognitive research. Specifically, the perception gap(D) can be used as an independent variable, a dependent variable, and a moderating variable. And this study suggested an effective research approach using the measurement of perception difference. The difference of perception suggested that it can be used as a measure to overcome the limitations of existing researches used it as independent variables or mediating variables that measure only one factor of expectation and performance or importance and satisfaction. In addition, it is highly likely that various analyzes on the perception differences, which are the result of measuring target factors for the same person, will be quite effective in the situation where follow-up of respondents is difficult. This study is expected to overcome various limitations reported by empirical studies such as scale utilization problem and follow-up survey difficulty. In future research, it was expected that the limitation of the factor derivation process in the research approach could be complemented by web crawling and text mining of big data analysis.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.261-285
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• 2019

Nowadays in offshore industry there are emerging hazards with vague property such as act of terrorism, act of war, unforeseen natural disasters such as tsunami, etc. Therefore industry professionals such as offshore energy insurers, safety engineers and risk managers in order to determine the failure rates and frequencies for the potential hazards where there is no data available, they need to use an appropriate method to overcome this difficulty. Furthermore in conventional risk based analysis models such as when using a fault tree analysis, hazards with vague properties are normally waived and ignored. In other word in previous situations only a traditional probability based fault tree analysis could be implemented. To overcome this shortcoming fuzzy set theory is applied to fault tree analysis to combine the known and unknown data in which the pre-combined result will be determined under a fuzzy environment. This has been fulfilled by integration of a generic bow-tie based risk analysis model into the risk assessment phase of the Risk Management (RM) cycles as a backbone of the phase. For this reason Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA) are used to analyse one of the significant risk factors associated in offshore terminals. This process will eventually help the insurers and risk managers in marine and offshore industries to investigate the potential hazards more in detail if there is vagueness. For this purpose a case study of offshore terminal while coinciding with the nature of the Caspian Sea was decided to be examined.