• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2017

The MIL-STD-1553 standard has been used for over 40 years as a data bus technology for high-reliability mobile systems. However, 1 Mbps transmission speed is absolutely insufficient to implement sensor data convergence, which is an essential requirement of modern aerospace systems. In this paper, we analyze the hierarchical structure of the MIL-STD-1553B version specification and describe several methods to increase the transmission speed without losing the advantages of the existing MIL-STD-1553 bus. In addition, we analyzed the R & D cases of the high-speed MIL-STD-1553 technology, which have been conducted in leading aerospace countries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.601-602
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose head/rear lamp detection algorithm for stopped and wrong way vehicle recognition. It is shown that our algorithm detected vehicles based on the experimental analysis about the color information of vehicle's lamps. The simulation results show the detection rate about stopped and wrong way vehicles is achieved over 94% and 96% in the tunnel HD(High Definition) video image.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2006

Pilomatrixoma is an uncommon tumor arising from hair follicles. Commonly occur in children and most frequently in the head and neck region. It can be mistaken for parotid gland tumor, dermoid cyst, or epidermoid cyst, especially when large lesions develop over the periauricular area, difficulty discerning them from lesion developing within the superficial lobe of the parotid gland may occur. We experienced two cases of pilomatrixomas mimicking parotid gland tumor. Although their histologic appearance is characteristic, they may be clinically misdiagnosed. However, combining clinical information with the distinct histologic features should lead to the correct diagnosis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to assess the effect of changes in forward head posture (FHP), neck mobility and headache clinical parameters on episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) who did craniocervial exercises. Methods: Twelve CTTH subjects and twelve ETTH subjects were studied. Side-view pictures of subjects were taken in both sitting and standing positions, in order to assess FHP by measuring the craniovertebral angle. Cervical range of motion (CROM) was employed to measure cervical mobility. A headache diary was kept to assess headache intensity, frequency, and duration. All subjects did three types of craniocervical exercise over 8 weeks. Measurements were done at pre-treatment, and at 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment. Results: Forward head posture and headache-related clinical parameters showed a significant improvement after craniocervical exercise (p<0.05). Flexion/extension and left/right rotation of CROM was significantly increased after the intervention (p<0.05), whereas changes in left/right bending did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: This study indicates that craniocervical exercise may be effective in the management of tension-type headache.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1769-1774
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• 2023

Objective: Resting comfort may influence sleep-related lying postures in cattle. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bed cleanliness on tucked (TSP) and extended (ESP) head positions in sleep-related lying postures. Methods: The study was conducted over two experimental periods. In each period, four Japanese Black fattening cattle were assigned to the cleaning treatment (CL), in which bedding material was replaced once during each experimental period. Four cattle were assigned to the control treatment (CON) with no bed cleaning. Daily duration, bout frequency, and bout length of sleep-related lying postures were measured, and bed moisture, ammonia concentration in the air, plasma cortisol, and serotonin concentration were also measured within one week before and after cleaning treatment in each period. Results: The bed moisture and ammonia concentrations decreased in CL after bed cleaning. Following bed cleaning, the duration and bout frequency of TSP in CL decreased compared to that observed in CON, whereas ESP in CL increased after bed cleaning. Total duration of sleep-related lying postures and cortisol and serotonin levels did not differ between CL and CON. Conclusion: These results suggest that cattle in sleep-related lying postures shifted from tucked head positions to extended head positions in response to improved bed cleanliness.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2005

The main purpose of a spatial audio system is to give a listener the same impression as if he/she were present in a recorded environment. A dummy head microphone is generally used for such purposes. Because of its human-like shape, we can obtain good spatial sound images. However, its shape is a restriction on its public use and it is difficult to convert a 2-channel recording into multi-channel signals for an efficient rendering over a multi-speaker arrangement. In order to solve the problems mentioned above, a spatial audio system is proposed that uses multiple microphones on a rigid sphere. The system has five microphones placed on special points of the rigid sphere, and it generates audio signals for headphone, stereo, stereo dipole, 4-channel, and 5-channel reproduction environments. Subjective localization experiments show that front/back confusion, which is a common limitation of spatial audio systems using the dummy head microphone, can be reduced dramatically in 4-channel and 5-channel reproduction environments and can be reduced slightly in a headphone reproduction.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.3820-3841
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• 2018

Most of the accidents occur due to drowsiness while driving, avoiding road signs and due to driver's distraction. Driver's distraction depends on various factors which include talking with passengers while driving, mood disorder, nervousness, anger, over-excitement, anxiety, loud music, illness, fatigue and different driver's head rotations due to change in yaw, pitch and roll angle. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, a data set is generated for conducting different experiments on driver's distraction. Secondly, novel approaches are presented that use features based on facial points; especially the features computed using motion vectors and interpolation to detect a special type of driver's distraction, i.e., driver's head rotation due to change in yaw angle. These facial points are detected by Active Shape Model (ASM) and Boosted Regression with Markov Networks (BoRMaN). Various types of classifiers are trained and tested on different frames to decide about a driver's distraction. These approaches are also scale invariant. The results show that the approach that uses the novel ideas of motion vectors and interpolation outperforms other approaches in detection of driver's head rotation. We are able to achieve a percentage accuracy of 98.45 using Neural Network.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2001

Objectives: Alcohol intake has been reported to be a risk factor of laryngeal cancer. Since the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genotype is a major determinant of personal alcohol drinking habit, there is a possibility that ALDH2 genotype would be a risk factor for laryngeal cancer. N-Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is a detoxifying enzyme and its polymorphism has been reported to be related to the risk of many environmental cancers. However, studies on the associations between these two genotypes and laryngeal cancer risk are scarce. We have assessed the effects of alcohol intake and the genotype of ALDH2 and NAT2 on the risk of laryngeal cancer in Koreans. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four pathologically proven laryngeal cancer patients and 168 age matched controls were included as the study subjects. Information about alcohol intake and smoking habit was collected using a self administered questionnaire. ALDH2 and NAT2 genotypes were analyzed using PCR-RFLP methods. Results: Alcohol intake was significant as a risk factor for laryngeal cancer (OR : 2.58, 95% CI : 1.24, 5.36), especially for supraglottic laryngeal cancer (OR : 3.24, 95% CI : 1.02, 10.31). Personal drinking habit was closely related with personal smoking habit, which was a potent risk factor of laryngeal cancer. In a stratified analysis according to the level of cumulative smoking amount, drinking was significant neither in light smokers (equal or less than 30 pack-years) nor in heavy smoker (over 30 pack-years). The ALDH2 genotype was significantly associated with the risk of laryngeal cancer in a univariate analysis. The statistical significance, however, disappeared after adjusting alcohol intake using a multiple conditional logistic model. The NAT2 genotype was not significant as a risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Conclusion: Alcohol drinking and ALDH2 genotype would have indirect effects on laryngeal cancer by their correlations with cigarette smoking or with alcohol drinking. It is less likely that the NAT2 genotype would be a potent risk factor of laryngeal cancer.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2023

Lower lip reconstruction in cases with a full-thickness defect over one-third of the vermilion is challenging. Numerous conventional techniques have been applied with unsatisfactory surgical outcomes because of microstomia and oral commissure blunting due to shortened horizontal lip length. Herein, we present a case in which a full-thickness lower lip defect of more than one-third of the horizontal lip length was covered with a novel mucosal roofing flap reconstruction to minimize the loss of horizontal lip length and to preserve mouth opening. No recurrences or metastases were observed during 3 years and 6 months of follow-up, with horizontal lower lip length maintained and mouth opening of 2.5 finger breadths.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 한국소음진동공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회논문집; 한국과학기술회관, 8 Nov. 1996
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• pp.422-430
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• 1996

The automated scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) has been designed, and built to measure in-plane displacements associated with waves propagating on vibrating structures. Use of optical fibers allows the compact design of a laser probe head which can be scanned over the vibrating structures. An algorithm for automated self-alignment of the laser probe is developed. The system is completely automated for scanning over the structures, focusing two laser beams at each data point until the detected vibration signal is stable, and for recording and transferring the data to a system computer. The automated system allows one to get extensive data of the vibration field over the structures. The system is tested by scanning a piezoelectric cylindrical shell and a plate excited by a continuous signal and by a pulse signal, respectively. Results show that the automated scanning LDV system can be a useful tool to measure the in-plane vibration field and to detect the elastic waves propagating on the vibrating structures.