• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.67-94
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• 1971

Korean fisheries industry holds 57,255 boats amounting to 269,079 tons in gross as of the end of 1967. The boats of the size under 30G.T., about sixty-two per cent of the total in tonnage, are utilized in coastal and their contribution to the total production of Korean fisheries industry is estimated at over seventy-five percent. Hull forms and construction method of them are partly in transition stage to the western tradition from the oriental tradition, which employs the chine-type straight-framed section, and tick and wide wooden planking fastened on naturally bent timber frames. And only about a half of them are mechanized. About fifty-seven per cent, 7,525 boats amounting to 91,751 gross tons, of the coastal and inshore fishing boats are those of the size ranging 5G.T. to 30G.T., which are engaged mostly in draft-and gill-netting, angling, longlining, anchovy seining, squid fishing and set-netting. The important fishing boats forming main structure of the inshore fishing fleets can be classified as 5G.T.-class multi-purpose boats, 10G.T.-class angling/longlining boats and 20G.T.-class drift-/gill-netters mostly utilized in the east-sea, 15G.T.-class anchovy seiner in the south-sea-sea, 20G.T.- and 28G.T.-class stow-netters in the west sea. Each of the three sea regions, east, south, and west, of Korean water has distinctly different characters from one another in topography, geology and sea aspects, and consequently in marine resources, fishing grounds and fishing tactics desired. Hence, the finishing boats in each sea region have also their own characters in hull form, structural features, deck design and equipments. In this report, analyzing the characteristics of the existing inshore fishing boats ranging 5G.T. to 30G.T. in size from view points of naval architecture and engineering, the author made an integrated investigation of their characteristics, covering size and principal dimensions, hull form, deck design, structural features and mechanization, in close connection with the natural circumstances of Korean water and local techno-socio-economic problems, and, finally, made some suggestions for the rational improvement or modernization of the inshore fishing boats. Further details of the characteristics of Korean inshore finishing boats are referred to the drawings of them compiled by the author and given in the reference[23] listed at the end of this report.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.1 s.67
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• pp.155-166
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• 2005

Since 1980's, fishery household population have been continuously in a down slope with a 5$\%$ annual decreasing rate in Korea. With a particular situation that the scale of over 60s population has been soaring compared with that of under 16 aged population plunging, some difficulties have been raised with the respect of labor supply into fishery communities. This study is aimed at analyzing the tendency of fisheries population with the change of economic development rates and prospect a future fisheries population with the consideration of present decreasing rate. Model results indicate that the tendency of future fishery household population would be decreased by 4.96$\%$ annually through a decade from 2000. Interestingly, it is predicted that the decreasing rate of male fishery household population would be faster than that of female. Consequently, women would hold a greater part in Fishery household population in 2010. In addition, the fishery household population of 40s and 50s would increase from 36$\%$ to 49$\%$, that of over 60s from 21$\%$ to 37$\%$. In conclusion, as a population over 40's encompass almost 90$\%$ in the total population, the fishing communities have a difficulty in shortage of the young workforce.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 1996

The saury stick - held dip net fishery of Korea in the Northwest Pacific Ocean began in 1985 with 3 vessels. Since then the fishery has grown so rapidly year by year that the number of vessels increased to 34 and the catch to 40 thousands Mff in 1993. In the present study, the monthly situation and the movement of the fishing ground for the pacific saury in the Northwest Pacific were investigated and the monthly optimum fIshing tempertures were estimated, from the relationship between the catch and the sea surface temperature. In the beginning of the fishing season, June to August, the fIshing ground is formed in the very wide range, mainly in the northward area of the front meandering, as the parcific saury migrate northward. In the main season, September to November, the ground is formed in the southward area of the front, off the east coast of Japan. Andd then, the fishing season ends in December with the ground coming near to the east coast of Japan. The monthly optimum fishing tempertures showed 11~$13^{\circ}C.$ in June to July, 13-$17^{\circ}C.$ in August to November, and 15~ $17^{\circ}C.$ in December in general. The profIles of water temperature were much different in accordance by net casting position in the fishing ground, regardless of season. So, the MLD and CPUE was analyzed to find out the relation between the water temperature and the catch. Then, it is found that the CPUE shows over 0.7Mtr/haul as the MLD 40~70m.40~70m.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2014

In spite of being reduced the numbers of vessel registered, there are increasing the numbers of total marine accidents and collision accidents. For recent 5 years from 2008 to 2012, it was analyzed that the collision accident is highest rank by 37 % among the marine accidents and the fishing vessel is highest by 58 % in these collision accidents and also the small fishing boat under 20tons is highest by 26 % on them. Over the half of the collision accidents by 56 %, they couldn't find each other to just before the collision situation. In this result, it was known that collision accidents almost to be occurred by the poor look-out in each other. Therefore, it was suggested the requirements to the fishing vessels in a side of crew, education and exercise, and navigation equipments to reduce the collision accidents by examining the navigation patterns and concerning laws of them.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.69-85
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• 2003

The primary objective of this thesis is to study, case by case, the international disputes for fishing rights between fishing nations and costal states never imagined till the introduction of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea adopted in 1982 and came into effect in November 16, 1994, which governs the high seas and EEZ in a new manner. Such a study is to provide help in the understanding on this new marine system and how to deal with. This is addressed by the perspectives of disputes (a) in the high seas between fishing nations having traditionally enjoyed the principle of the freedom of the high seas and costal states, (b) in the EEZ between fishing nations and costal states possessing the exclusive jurisdiction over living marine resources and sovereign rights for determining allowable catch and the surplus in its EEZ. The article can be divided into four main parts. First, both the general principles of the settlement of international disputes, and the nature and procedures described in the UNCLOS are introduced. Second, it gives cases of tuna long-liner, North Pacific trawler and squid jigger occurred in the coastal states EEZ, and analyses the problem in both terms of its background and final judgment. It further describes the possible issues in case it depends on the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea for its settlement. Third, closely tied to above, important points such as the right of hot pursuit, prompt release of vessel and crew, and the limits of cooperation with costal states inspector on board fishing vessels are considered mostly based on the UNCLOS, Bilateral Agreement and UNIA. Finally, the article concludes as follows ; The need for broad analyses on the nature of international suits and legal system for the settlement, to win the case before the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea or coastal states court, is really acknowledged. However, considering the lack of previous studies about it, it is preferably recommended that governmental efforts for making legal standards to cover the judicial costs, for helping industry out of becoming bankrupt.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-97
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• 1987

Tuna and tuna fishing extend over most of the tropical waters of the world oceans, especially, this study of the Indian Ocean and the fish and the fishing vessels are highly mobile. No country can deal in isolation with the problems of its tuna fishery and of any tuna fishery in its waters, without collaborating with other countries. This cooperation is often best established through some formal international mechanism. The essential requirements are for information-on the resources, the fishery, the trade-and to identify where management actions are needed to consore the resources or to maintain the economic or social function of the fishery. These will also usually require some form of international mechanism. With the changes in the Law of the Sea, the siuuation in respect of management of tuna-considered among the highly migratory species, requirng special treatment-has also changed. At present there are both uncertainty regarding tuna management and political arguments as to how such management can be best implemented. Bearing this in mind, together with the fact that only few tuna stocks have shown clear evidence of serious depletion through over-exploitation, present emphasis will be placed on information requirements. This study included compiling the data necessary to review the state of stoks in the Indian Ocean tuna fishing grounds. Information on the resources-where the fish are, their quantity, their movements, etc. is important, whether in planning development of new fisheries, or considering the need for collaboration with other countries (in ascertaining to what extent their catches may affect catches of the natoinal fleet) or for conservation measures. A major source of information is the statistics of for conservation measures. A major source of information is the statistics of catch and fishing effort from existing commercial vessels. These need to be assembled for all fisheries on the same stock on an oceanwide basis. The statistical data also need to be analysed and intepreted, and combined with biological data(e.g., on growth, mortality and migration rates) to provide information that is intelligible and useful for administrators and other decision-makers. This must also be undertaken on a resource-wide or ocean-wide basis. Finally, because of the world-wide similarities in the methods of datching, processing and marketing fish, there is a particular tut not exclusive need in those countries just beginning to develop their tuna fisheries-to have ready access to a syntheis of information on tuna, tuna biology and tuna fisheries and tuna fisheries economics and management on the Indian Ocean.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.117-134
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• 1998

The study on the Assembling Mechanism of the Hairtail, Trichiurus lenpturus, at the Fishing Grounds of the Cheju Strait had been investigated by analyzing the relationship of the oceanographic conditions and the fishing ground of the Hairtail in the Cheju Strait. 1. The fishing grounds of the hairtail at the Cheju Strait are formed at the bottom of a high temperature of the tidal front at the coast. area of northern Cheju Island, the tip of the linguiform is high in salinity at the eastern and western entrances of Cheju Island, low salinity eddy on the surface and its surrounding front, various water masses in the Strait and coastal waters of the South Sea in Korea. 2. The fishing grounds of the Hairtail at the Cheju Strait begins with the sea surface temperature higher than $15^{\circ}C$ and the incoming of low salinity water now from the East China Sea. 3. Estimation of optimum temperature and salinity per season based upon analysis for relationship between temperature of water and salinity of the bottom layer and the catch is : 15.2~$16.4^{\circ}C$, 34.20~34.40${\textperthousand}$ in spring(June); 14.4~ $17.0^{\circ}C$, 33.70~34.30${\textperthousand}$ in summer(July~September); and 15.7~ $18.6^{\circ}C$, 33.70~34.50$\textperthousand$ in autumn(October~December). Hairtail are mostly caught at the Yellow Sea Warm Current and Tsushima Current with temperature over $14.5^{\circ}C$ and salinity over 33.70${\textperthousand}$ at the bottom layers of the Cheju Strait. 4. Considering the relationship between the amount of hairtail catch and the water temperature of bottom layer, when the bottom water being above $14.0^{\circ}C$ flowed into Cheju Strait through the western entrance of the strait in summer, the ca-h appears to have been abundant. In contrast, the catch has been poor when the temperature of such water was recorded to be below $13^{\circ}C$ Therefore, distribution patterns of water at the bottom layer can be used as a forecast index whether the catch of a certain year will be good or poor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.922-930
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• 2020

Marine accidents involving fishing boats, caused by a loss of stability, have been increasing over the last decade. One of the main reasons for these accidents is a sudden wind attacks. In this regard, the wind loads acting on the ship hull need to be estimated accurately for safety assessments of the motion and maneuverability of the ship. Therefore, this study aims to develop a computational model for the inlet boundary condition and to numerically estimate the wind load acting on a fishing boat. In particular, wind loads acting on a fishing boat at the wind speed profile boundary condition were compared with the numerical results obtained under uniform wind speed. The wind loads were estimated at intervals of 15° over the range of 0° to 180°, and i.e., a total of 13 cases. Furthermore, a numerical mesh model was developed based on the results of the mesh dependency test. The numerical analysis was performed using the RANS-based commercial solver STAR-CCM+ (ver. 13.06) with the k-ω turbulent model in the steady state. The wind loads for surge, sway, and heave motions were reduced by 39.5 %, 41.6 %, and 46.1 % and roll, pitch, and yaw motions were 48.2 %, 50.6 %, and 36.5 %, respectively, as compared with the values under uniform wind speed. It was confirmed that the developed inlet boundary condition describing the wind speed gradient with respect to height features higher accuracy than the boundary condition of uniform wind speed. The insights obtained in this study can be useful for the development of a numerical computation method for ships.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

This study aims to reduce the bycatch of young fishes and other species in the octopus(Octopus vulagris, Octopus dolfleini) trap fishery on the East Sea, Korea. We carried out field experiments and tank experiments to verify the fishing efficiency and bycatch with the different 8 types of trap. 4 of them had mesh size 20, 35, 55 respectively and 75mm, 2 of them with escape ring of diameter 30mm and 50mm and 2 of them with escape device. The gap was 20 and 40mm respectively. The mesh sizes of the traps with ring and frame were 20mm. The traps with mesh size 20 and 35mm were not reasonable because it could fish under 300g octopus as bycatch which is not permitted by the Korean fisheries regulations. The catch number of octopus over 300g by traps with escape ring of diameter 30mm was 53. The catch of trap with mesh size 20mm was 54. The catch of trap with mesh size 35mm was 53. There is no significant difference among them. The catch number of octopus over 500g that is fishermen's favorite one was 46 in the trap with escap ring. The diameter of was 30 mm and the catch of trap with mesh size 20mm was more 3 catch and the catch of trap with mesh size 35mm had 6 more catch. Fishermen wanted to catch over 500g octopus because the octopuses had commercial value. The traps with escape ring can be replaceable with he traps with mesh size 20 or 35mm because the trap is suitable to conserve the octopus resources and keep the fishermen's fishing substantiality.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 2012

In order to survey the conditions of bycatch and discards for a gape net, a series of filed surveys was carried out total 10 surveys on two gape nets operated in the coastal area of Jindo during July to November 2008. The all catches in each survey were measured the body length, weight after sorted species. The analysis of catch data was conducted to separate 'first operation' and 'general operation'. In this study, the first operation defined as hauling the fishing gears that soaked over 10 hours because of setting on the previous day. The general operation means the haul of fishing gears conducted at intervals of one of or two hours after first operation. The bycatch in this study is defined as the other species except for anchovy, and bycatch rate refers to the proportion of bycatch to total catch. From the survey results, the average bycatch rates on first operations were 50% and 51% for Masa-ri and Supum-ri areas in Jindo, respectively. Also, the average bycatch rates on general operation were 2% and 3% for Masa-ri and Supum-ri areas in Jindo, respectively. The proportion of anchovy to total catch caught represented 75.5%. It needs the research on the selective fishing technology to reduce the bycatch on the gape net fishery.