• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.6973-6979
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• 2015

Background: Ovarian cancer is the third most common cause of cancer in Indian women. Despite an initial 70-80% response rate, most patients relapse within 1-2 years and develop chemoresistance. Hence, identification or repositioning of drugs to resensitise ovarian cancer cells to existing chemotherapy is needed. Traditionally immortalized cell lines have been used in research, but these may contain genetic aberrations and chromosomal abnormalities serving as poor indicators of normal cell phenotype and progression of early-stage disease. The use of primary cells, maintained for only short periods of time in vitro, may serve as the best representative for studying in vivo conditions of the tissues from which they are derived. In this study we have attempted to evaluate the effect of metformin (an antidiabetic drug) in primary ovarian cancer cells because of its promising effect in other solid tumours. Materials and Methods: Primary cultures of epithelial ovarian cancer cells established from ascitic fluid of untreated ovarian cancer patients were used. The cells were treated with metformin at doses standardized by MTT assay and its ability to induce apoptosis was studied. The cells were analysed for apoptosis and apoptosis related proteins by flow cytometry and western blotting respectively. Results: Metformin induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, provoking cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 and S phase. It induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by, down-regulating Bcl-2 and up-regulating Bax expression. Conclusions: Metformin was able to induce apoptosis in primary ovarian cancer cells by modulating the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins. These data are relevant to ongoing translational research efforts exploring the chemotherapeutic potential of metformin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9939-9943
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• 2014

Lobaplatin, one of the third - generation platinum compounds, has shown encouraging anticancer activity in a variety of tumor types. However, the efficacy of lobaplatin in ovarian cancer has not been systemically evaluated. In this study, lobaplatin as a single agent and in combination with taxanes was investigated in - vitro and in an in vitro model of ovarian carcinoma. Using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, the cytotoxic effects of lobaplatin alone and in combination with taxanes were compared with cisplatin and carboplatin in seven ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, in - vitro antitumor activities were evaluated with cisplatin - sensitive and cisplatin - resistant human ovarian cancer xenografts in nude mice. The cytotoxicity of lobaplatin was similar to or higher than that of cisplatin and carboplatin, with $IC_{50}$ values from 0.9 to $13.8{\mu}mol/L$ in a variety of ovarian cancer cells. The combination of lobaplatin with docetaxel yielded enhanced cytotoxic activity in vitro. In addition, in platinum - sensitive ovarian cancer xenografts, lobaplatin alone showed similar antitumor activity to cisplatin and carboplatin. Furthermore, lobaplatin alone or in combination with docetaxel exhibited significant activity in platinum - resistant ovarian cancer xenografts. These results indicate that the use of lobaplatin alone or in combination with docetaxel might be a rational and novel therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer. Further clinical development of lobaplatin is clearly warranted.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2002

Objective : Heat shock protein family is related to protective mechanism of cells by environmental changes. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) expression in mouse ovarian tissue. Methods : Cryopreservation of mouse ovarian tissue was carried out by slow freezing method. The mRNA level of Hsp90 expression in both fresh and cryopreserved mouse ovarian tissue was analyzed by RT-PCR. The protein expression of Hsp90 was evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Results: The mRNA and protein of Hsp90 were expressed in both fresh and cryopreserved mouse ovarian tissue. The amount of Hsp90 mRNA was increased in cryopreserved ovarian tissue after 60 and 90 minutes after thawing and incubation. The amount of Hsp90 protein was increased in the cryopreserved ovarian tissue after 6 hours of the incubation in Western blot analysis. In immunohistochemical study, Hsp90 protein was localized in cytoplasm of oocytes and granulosa cells. Significant level of immunoreactive Hsp90 protein was detected in theca cells contrast to the weak expression in ovarian epithelial cells. Conclusion: This results showed the increase of Hsp90 expression in both mRNA and protein level in the cryopreserved mouse ovarian tissue. It can be suggested that Hsp90 may play a role in the protective or recovery mechanism against the cell damage during cryopreservaion.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.191-200
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• 2004

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of double intrauterine insemination with single intrauterine insemination in GnRH antagonist combined ovarian hyperstimulation (Mild ovarian hyperstimulation) Materials and Methods: From Jan. 2001 to Jul. 2004, a retrospective clinical analysis was done of a total of 295 cycles in 170 patients who underwent ovarian hyperstimulation for ART (assisted reproductive technique). Subjects were divided into three groups; only clomiphene citrate ovarian hyperstimulation (n=55, 95cycles), GnRH antagonist combined ovarian hyperstimulation (soft ovarian hyperstimulation) (n=66 99cycles), and GnRH agonist combined ovarian hyperstimulation (short protocol) (n=49, 101cycles) Each group were randomly devided into two subgroups. One group underwent single IUI and the other group underwent double IUI. Results: GnRH antagonist group and GnRH agonist group had similar pregnancy rate. In GnRH antagonist Group, pregnancy rate was 36.1% in single IUI subgroup and was 36.6% in double IUI subgroup. These finding were not statistically significant. And Pregnancy rate was 20.8% in single IUI subgroup and was 19.3% in double IUI subgroup in single clomiphene citrate group, and 36.3% in single IUI subgroup and was 33.3% in double IUI subgroup in GnRH agonist group. These finding were not statistically significant, too. Conclusion: Pregnancy rate of GnRH antagonist was high and complication rate such as OHSS and multiple pregnancy was lower. In GnRH antagonist group, to compare with single IUI and double IUI, the result do not statistically differ. So GnRH antagonist single injection with single IUI was relatively comparable ART in infertiliry patient.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2020

Background: To minimize damage to the ovarian reserve, it is necessary to evaluate the follicular density in the ovarian tissue surrounding endometriosis on preoperative imaging. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of subtraction pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect ovarian reserve. Methods: A subtracted T1-weighted image (^subT1WI) was obtained by subtracting unenhanced T1WI from contrast-enhanced T1WI (^ceT1WI) with similar parameters in 22 patients with ovarian endometriosis. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in ovarian endometriosis, which was classified into the high signal intensity and iso-to-low signal intensity groups on the T2-weighted image, was compared to that in normal ovarian tissue. To evaluate the effect of contrast enhancement, a standardization map was obtained by dividing ^subT1WI by ^ceT1WI. Results: On visual assessment of 22 patients with ovarian endometriosis, 16 patients showed a high signal intensity, and 6 patients showed an iso-to-low signal intensity on T1WI. Although SNR in endometriosis with a high signal intensity was higher than that with an iso-to-low signal intensity, there was no difference in SNR after the subtraction (13.72±77.55 vs. 63.03±43.90, p=0.126). The area of the affected ovary was smaller than that of the normal ovary (121.10±22.48 vs. 380.51±75.87 ㎟, p=0.002), but the mean number of pixels in the viable remaining tissue of the affected ovary was similar to that of the normal ovary (0.53±0.09 vs. 0.47±0.09, p=0.682). Conclusion: The subtraction technique used with pelvic MRI could reveal the extent of endometrial invasion of the normal ovarian tissue and viable remnant ovarian tissue.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review and summarize the research on Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods : We searched the clinical studies with keywords of Polycystic ovarian syndrome and acupuncture therapy through the search site called CAJ (china academic journal) from 2000 to 2011. Results and Conclusions : We reviewed 22 studies about PCOS which were relative to acupuncture therapy. We investigated the frequency of Acupuncture point for PCOS in this article exclusive Auricular acupuncture treatment. SP6 (Sam$\={u}$mgyo), CV4 (Kwanwon), CA111 (Chagung), SP10 (Hy$\={o}$lhae), CV6 (Kihae), B23 (Shinsu) and S40 (P'ungnyung) were used frequently. Acupuncture therapy was effective method to improve Polycystic ovarian syndrome. Further studies needed for Polycystic ovarian syndrome.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3905-3909
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• 2012

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in women aged 35 to 74 years. Although there are several popular hypothesis of ovarian cancer pathogenesis, the genetic mechanisms are far from being clear. Recently, systems biology approaches such as network-based methods have been successfully applied to elucidate the mechanisms of diseases. In this study, we constructed a crosstalk network among ovarian cancer related pathways by integrating protein-protein interactions and KEGG pathway information. Several significant pathways were identified to crosstalk with each other in ovarian cancer, such as the chemokine, Notch, Wnt and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. Results from these studies will provide the groundwork for a combination therapy approach targeting multiple pathways which will likely be more effective than targeting one pathway alone.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2185-2190
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• 2014

Chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of cancer patients with various malignancies. However, female patients, especially those whoich are premenopausal, suffer from significant chemotherapy induced ovarian function impairment, which decreases their quality of life. Many new techniques for ovarian preservation have been established in recent years. Although the use of gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) for this purpose is not a new concept, its effectiveness in protection of ovarian function is still debatable. This article deals with studies and metaanalyses which have been undertaken in the past, demonstrating the impact of GnRHa in ovarian function preservation, and whether their use can be implemented in routine practice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4157-4160
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• 2015

Treatment of early stage ovarian cancer remains controversial despite advances in chemotherapeutic options. Over the past 30 years, molecular and clinicopathologic studies accelerated and treatment of ovarian cancer has undoubtedly improved although there is a debate as to whether this impacts outcome or not. More recently, the introduction of targeted therapy started a new era. Probably it is because early stage disease comprises a small portion of the epithelial ovarian cancer, studies have mostly ignored this group and still there is no clear consensus regarding systemic treatment of early-stage lesions. However this group of patients has the best chance of cure. In this review, we focus on current developments in the treatment of early stage ovarian cancer and query the options.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to report the effects of herbal medicine on spontaneous pregnancy with premature ovarian failure. Methods: The 28-year-old patient who was diagnosed premature ovarian failure was treated with herbal medicine (Hyangbujapalmul-tang-gagam), acupuncture and moxibustion. Results: After the treatment, the symptoms of premature ovarian failure such as hot flushes, sweats were improved. The patient recovered menstruation and achieved spontaneous pregnancy. Conclusions: This case shows that Korean medical treatment including herbal medicine has effect on treating infertile female with premature ovarian failure.