• 경제분석
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.61-96
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 지역소득의 불균형 요인을 분석하기 위해 지역의 단위소득당 소비지출에 의한 소득유발효과와 지역 간 단위소득에 의한 소득상호의존도를 측정하였는데, 이를 위해 16개 광역자치단체의 지역별 임금소득 및 소비 구조가 반영된 2005년과 2015년 지역산업 연관표를 이용하였다. 분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 지역별 단위소득당 소비지출에 의한 소득유발효과가 전반적으로 낮아졌는데 자기지역보다 타지역의 소득유발효과 하락이 주요인이었다. 다음으로 각 지역의 단위소득 발생에 의한 지역소득의 상호의존도도 대부분 지역에서 낮아졌는데, 이 역시 타지역으로의 소득전이 하락이 주요인이었다. 한편, 한국 경제에서 차지하는 비중이 큰 서울과 경기는 단위소득당 소비지출에 의한 소득유발효과가 타지역보다 낮지만 자기지역은 물론 타지역의 소비에 의해 발생한 소득유발효과를 가장 많이 차지하고 타지역으로부터의 소득전이를 가장 많이 흡수하였다. 이는 소비구조에서 서비스가 차지하는 비중이 높고 경기는 물론 특히 서울의 산업구조 서비스화 진전과 임금소득 비중이 높은 데 주로 기인하였다. 이러한 결과를 소득의 상호의존도 측면에서 보면 서울과 경기는 타지역의 소득에 의존하는 정도가 높은 것을 의미한다고 할 수 있다. 특히 경기는 고기술 제조업 제품의 해외수출을 주도하는 지역이라 대외 요인도 소득유발에 기여하지만, 서울의 경우 서비스를 기반으로 국내 상호연관구조를 이용한 소득흡수가 높다는 측면에서 본다면 국내 타지역의 경제 상황에 민감한 소득 창출 구조를 갖고 있다는 점을 지적할 수 있을 것이다. 지역 간 소득유발효과와 소득전이가 전반적으로 하락하고 서울과 경기로의 집중이 지속되고 있는 가운데 지역불균형을 구조적 측면에서 완화하기 위해서는 지역의 산업정책은 서울이나 경기의 구조를 벤치마킹하는 것보다는 각 지역 특화산업의 비교우위를 강화하여 지역 간 상호연계성 제고가 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.161-171
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the dietary attitudes and nutritional status of preschool children in different income levels in Busan. The survey was conducted from November 1 to November 30, 2004 by questionnaires mid data analyzed by the SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: The Kaup index of the upper income class group was higher than that of the other income classes. In the middle income class group, nutrition knowledge scores were higher than in any other income class. Sixty-four point nine percent of the upper income class children, 25.7% of the middle income class children and 15.7% of the low income class children had nutrition education experiences. Intake of protein was higher than that of the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for children. In the upper income class group, intake of calcium was higher than in any other income class. Intakes of calcium and iron were lower than those of the RDAs in all children. Dietary attitude had positive correlation with frequency of breakfast, time for outdoor activity, and height and weight, and had negative correlation with frequency of fast food and time for watching television. Frequency of snack had positive correlation with frequency of fast food and time for watching television, but frequency of breakfast had negative correlation with those. These results indicate that nutrition education programs linking parents to children should be carried out to improve their nutritional status.

• Forest Science and Technology
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.192-203
• /
• 2018

This study analyzed the distribution of forest income and other variable sources of rural household income and considered their importance for the reduction of income inequality and poverty. We employed Gini decomposition to measure the contribution of forest income and other sources of income to income equality and assess whether they were inequality-increasing or inequality-decreasing in the 14 villages. The forest income Gini correlation with total income was very high, $R_k=0.6960$, and the forest income share of total rural household income was 35% ($S_k=0.3570$). If the income earned from forest activities was removed, the Gini index would increase by 10.3%. Thus, if people could not access forest resources because of vast deforestation, perhaps from the limitations of government-managed forestry, unplanned clearing of forest land for agriculture or the granting of ELCs, there would be an increase in income inequality and poverty among rural households. The findings suggest that policy makers should look beyond agriculture for rural development, as forest resources provide meaningful subsistence income and perhaps contribute to both preventing and reducing poverty and inequality in rural communities. The study found that non-farm activities were inequality-increasing sources of income. The share of non-farm income to the total rural household income was $S_k=0.1290$ and the Gini index of non-farm income was very high, $G_k=0.8780$, compared with forest and farm income. This disagrees with other studies which have reported that non-farm income was inequality-decreasing for the rural poor.

• 수산경영론집
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2023

This study employed the Gini coefficient decomposition analysis to classify and examine fishery household income inequality according to income sources. The raw data from the Fisheries Economic Survey by the National Statistical Office were used for the analysis after equalization according to the recommended method of the OECD. In particular, the Gini coefficient was decomposed by classifying with and without public subsidies, and the contribution, correlation, and marginal effect by income source were presented.As a result of the analysis, the inequality of fishing income and non-fishing income of fishermen was worsening, and the inequality of transfer income was continuously easing. Among them, fisheries subsidies have been analyzed to have the greatest contribution to the Gini coefficient of gross income and the highest relative marginal effect, although distribution inequality has been alleviated. On the other hand, other subsidies, including public pensions, were found to have the opposite contribution, correlation, and marginal effect to fisheries subsidies. The results of this analysis showed that even within public subsidies, the contribution to income redistribution might differ depending on the nature of the subsidy. In addition, in the case of other public subsidies, it can be seen that the transition from selective welfare to universal welfare occurs.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.33-45
• /
• 2014

This study investigates urban household consumption patterns for clothing items in different income cohorts through the analysis of an Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model. Korea quarterly time-series statistics data for urban household expenditures from 1990 to 2013 analyzed household demand. The price and total consumption expenditure elasticities of 4 clothing items (outer wear, shoes, clothing related services and other miscellaneous clothing) for 7 income cohorts were estimated to investigate the clothing consumption patterns of different income cohorts. The study results show that the different household income cohorts have different consumption patterns for clothing items. The elastic demand of total consumption expenditures in the lowest household income cohort suggests that they consume clothing items as luxuries while other households mostly consume them as necessities. The price elasticity for all household income cohorts and clothing items (except the highest household income cohort and outer wear) was found to be elastic. The highest household income cohort had an inelastic price demand for all clothing items that implied a less sensitive clothing consumption change for the clothing price change than other households.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.660-672
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary habit and nutritional status by household income in female adults, using data from the $4^{th}$ Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007~2009). Subjects were 8,356 women over the age of 20 years. The subjects were classified into 4 groups by household income level. Dietary data from 24 hr recall methods were used to analyze nutritional status. The obesity rate of the low income group was significantly higher than the rates of other income groups. Additionally, the nutritional status of the low income group was worse than those of other groups. The percentage of carbohydrate in total energy intake was higher and food security status was lower in the low income group than in other groups. Awareness and adherence to dietary guidelines were also lower in the low income group. Adherence to a dietary guideline of 'avoiding salty foods and trying to eat foods with bland taste' and 'eating a variety of foods from each food group' were lower than those of other groups. However, the frequency of skipping breakfast among the low income group was lower than that of others. Therefore, this study suggested that low income women should decrease the percentage of carbohydrate in total energy intake and adhere to dietary guidelines, especially those of avoiding salty foods and eating a variety of food groups, in order to improve their nutritional status.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 1996

While theories of portfolio selection have been developed very little is known about how individuals actually go about constructing their asset potfolios. This study investigates empirically the characteristics of household's assets and which factor associated with risky and safe asset amount. Data used in this study consisted of 2,164 households and the statistics employed to analyze the data are univariate procedure Logit analysis and OLS. The results of this study were as follows: Among 2,164 households 505 housholds(23.3%) had risky assets. Average risky asset amount is 8,351,500 won and average safe asset amount is 7,086,900 won. Region education and occupation of household head home ownership transfer and other income and total expenditure had significant effects on either and other income and total expenditure had significant effects on either household having risky asset or safe asset. Financial income transfer and other income and total expenditure had significantly p sitive relation with the risky asset amount. Whereas age and the occupation of household head the sense of economic wellbeing earned financial tranfer and other income and total expenditure had significantly positive relation with safe asset amount.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.21-39
• /
• 1989

This paper is to determine the clothing and footwear of urban household consumption expenditures and an analysis of historical data from relevant literature. Particularly, time-series and cross sectional analysis techniques are adopted in analysing the patterns of clothing and footwear consumption expenditures of urban households. Finally, this paper estimates consumption expenditures in the future by comparing these revealed data with the Korea and Japan. Annual Report on the family Income and Expenditure Survey and M.R.A. in S.P.S.S. were used. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. The proportion of the clothing and footwear expenditure has decreased with the increase of income in urban household during 1976-1987. 2.1) Household consumption function by Income group, the Lower group is higher than the other group. 2) Household consumption function by Occupation of household head. Income elasticity estimation in administrative managerial workers is higher than the other group. 3) Household consumption function by Family size. Income elasticity estimation in 6 Persons is higher than the other group. But 4 Persons is higher in 1986. 4) Household consumption function by Age of household head. Income elasticity estimation in 50 Years and over is higher than the other group. 3. Comparison of characteristics of clothing and footwear consumption expenditures in Korea and Japan were M.R.A. Generally, the priority correlation order for Korea is Outwear, Sweaters and Shirt, Other clothing. For Japan, the order is Sweaters and Shirts, Underwear, Services.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.199-209
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of the 1997 economic crisis on Korean households' clothing expenditures at different incom levels. The raw data sets from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey of 1994, 1996, 198, and 2000 produced by the National Statistical Office were used. Based on their income data, subjects were divided into three groups: upper-income (upper 30%), low-income(lower 30%), and middle-income (the 40% in between). The main results are as follows : 1) the income, consumption expenditures (ConE) and clothing expenditures (CloE) of Korean households increased in 1996, decreased in 1998 and recovered in 2000. Although the proportion of ConE to income increased after the economic crisis, CloE/ConE decreased. Clothing expenditures displayed an asymmetric pattern over the economic crisis : the clothing expenditures decreased severely and quickly during the groups. 2) Compared to other household expenditures, clothing expenditure patterns were unique and of clothing categories, the propottion of expenditures for outwear decreased considerably compared to other categories after the economic crisis.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 2009년 법인세율 인하 및 2018년 법인세율 인상 시점을 전·후한 기업의 회계이익, 과세소득, BTD의 연도별 차이를 분석하였다. 각 항목에 대한 연도별 ANOVA 분석을 실시하였으며, 등분산 검증 후 사후검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 법인세율 인하시의 회계이익은 과세소득보다 많았으며 2008년도의 BTD가 다른 연도와 유의적으로 달랐다. 둘째, 법인세율 인상시의 회계이익은 과세소득보다 적었으며 2017년도의 BTD 역시 다른 연도와 유의적으로 달랐다. 즉, 법인세율 변화 시 기업은 세부담 경감을 위한 적절한 이익조정을 수행하고 있으며, 이로 인하여 법인세율 변화 직전 연도의 BTD는 다른 연도들과 차별성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.