• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-72
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• 2004

Macrobenthic fauna were studied on a tidal flat in Garolim Bay in July 2002, in order to understand their spatial distribution with the surface sediment types. Forty-nine stations were set on the tidal flat. A total of 147 species was sampled with the mean density of $1,140ind./m^2$ and the mean biomass of $157.2g/m^2$. The polychaetes were speices- and density-dominant faunal group with 64 species and the mean density of $791ind./m^2$. Mollusks were biomass-dominant faunal group with $132.0g/m^2$. Major dominant species were two polychaetes, Mediomastus californiensis with the mean density of $374ind./m^2$ and Heteromastus filiformis with $224ind./m^2$. Also mollusks such as Umbonium thomasi, Batillaria cumingi and Ruditapes philippinarum was relatively high in the mean density, showing the density of 45, 42, $32ind./m^2$ respectively. Especially, U. thomas was distributed in the mouth of the bay, where sediment grain size is rather coarse, and R. philippinarum at near tidal channel. Based on the cluster analysis, the macrobenthic community on the tidal flat was classified into seven station groups depending on the benthic environmental parameters(sediment types). Compared with other Korean tidal flats, species richness of Garolim tidal flats is more and less low.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.665-679
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• 2015

Yearly mean temperature in the 29 lakes surveyed ranges from 12.6 (Suncheon) to 13.9℃ (Mokpo), the lowest in −2.7℃ (January) and the highest in 25.9℃ (July). Monthly mean the amount of rainfall recorded the highest of 336.7 mm in August and the lowest with 4.9 mm in January. A total of 424 species of phytoplankton were identified. They were 157 Chlorophyceae, 161 Bacillariophyceae, 39 Cyanophyceae, and 67 other algal taxa. The phytoplankton diversity were low in stream type reservoirs such as Guemho, Youngsan and Youngam. The population density of phytoplankton ranged from 19 to 53,161 cells/ml. Annual mean of total zooplankton abundance in 45 sites was 369±827 ind./L (n=180). Rotifers were the most common taxa and their relative abundance was high (65~77%). The benthic microinvertebrate fauna of 10 reservoirs of Jeonnam province were 71 species of 61 genera of 44 families of 16 orders of 7 classes of 4 phyla. Aquatic insects of Phylum Arthropoda were 50 species of 44 genera of 28 families of 6 orders. The number of individuals was 6,132. Diptera was highiest (41.3%), and Ephemeroptera (31.0%), Trichoptera (17.5%), Anellida (3.8%), Mollusca (3.3%), Crustacea (0.4%). Large hydrophytes were identified 32 taxa, 2 varieties 30 species 26 genera and 20 families. Especially, Jijung and Juam lakes require management such as physical remove of this ecosystem disturbance field plants. Fishes were identified total 44 taxa, such as 25 Cyprinidae (56.8%), 8 Cobitidae (17.0%), 3 Gobiidae (6.4%), 2 Bagridae (4.3%), 2 Osmeridae (4.3%), 2 Odontobutidae (4.3%), 2 Centrachidae (4.3%), 1 Siluridae (2.1%), and 1 Centropomidae (2.1%). A pale chub was dominant species (18.9%).

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.124-134
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• 2018

We analyzed research topics, temporal distribution of field sites, and researcher network of 1,508 limnology publications in the Korean Journal of Limnology (1968~2012) and the Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (2013~2017). We found that water quality and sediment, phytoplankton, invertebrates, and fish were major subjects during the study periods. Survey of flora and fauna and physiological experiment of freshwater species were the largest subjects during 1970~80s, while other subjects including production, behavior, modeling, and ecological assessment have been rapidly increased since the 1990s. Most of the biological taxa equally studied lotic and lentic system, however, invertebrates and fish related studies more focused on the lotic system. Spatially, the field site of Korean limnology studies was found to be concentrated in main river channels runs through urban areas and artificial lakes than preserved natural areas. Freshwater system, located at the elevation range of 301~400 m (upstream of main channels), had the lowest number of field sites. Collaboration among researchers and different institution types have been steadily increased and expanded as the number of publications increased.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.427-433
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• 2010

Aquatic invertebrates are the major important fauna to sustain the paddy ecosystem as predators of the lower trophic level and prey for birds in food-web dynamics as well. The nationwide distribution of scavenger beetles (Hydrophilidae) that is the top predator in an aquatic insect in the paddy field was investigated. A total of 15 scavenger beetles were recognized. Enochrus simulans (98.6%) and Laccobius bedeli (87.7%) showed a high frequency of occurrence on a nationwide scale. The majority of scavenger beetles were higher frequency of occurrence in mountainous regions(33.7%) than in open field regions(5.0%). On the other hand, E. uniformis, Coelostoma stultum and Berosus japonicus showed a low occurrence frequency. Hydrochara affinis, Sternolophus rufipes, Amphiops mater, B. elongatulus, B. signaticollis punctipennis, B. lewisius and H. libera showed regional specific distribution aspect. Therefore, these species can be used as biological index to research the biotic changes in paddy ecology according to an agro-environmental changes including climatic change in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.3 s.59
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• pp.238-249
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to apprehend that the pollutants originating from Jinhae Industrial Complex affect benthic polychaetous community in the northern Jinhae bay. An investigation on the macrobenthic community in Jinhae bay was conducted in September, December of 2002 and March of 2003. The benthic fauna showed mean density of 2,151 ind. $m^{-2}$ in September of 2002, 2,427 ind. $m^{-2}$ in December of 2002 and 2,394 ind. $m^{-2}$ in March of 2003. Major faunal groups are polychaetes, crustaceans and mollusks, corresponding to $73.7\%,\;12.0\%\;and\;11.7\%,$ in total mean density during all of the sampling season, respectively. The most abundant species was Lumbrineris longifolia $(24.85\%),$ followed by Tharyx sp. $(21.70\%),$ Mesochaetopterus sp. $(6.20\%),$ Heteromastus filiformis $(5.39\%),$ Prionospio sp. $(5.18\%),$ Clycinde sp. $(4.29\%),$ etc. Tharyx sp. was the highest abundant species in September of 2002, and Lumbrineris longifolia was the dominant species in another sampling seasons. The density and the species number of polychaetes were high around Chori Is. and poor near Jinhae Industrial Complex area. Cluster analysis based on the species composition showed that Jinhae bay could be divided into three regions except in March of 2003. In December of 2002, there are very distinct regions by the cluster analysis. The density of benthic polychaetes in Jinhae bay was higher than that in the other coastal area of Korea, due to the predominance by some of opportunistic species, such as Lumbrineris longifolia, Tharyx sp. and Heteromastus filiformis, etc. It means that the study area were in the process of organic enrichment.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.2 s.116
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• pp.245-256
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• 2006

Fish community in the Hoengseong Reservoir was investigated from April to October 2005. The total number of fish caught from the period was 8,626 fish representing 22 species and 8 families, using tyke net and trammel net. Besides biomass was 122.9 kg. In the fyke net, 8,168 individuals caught during the period represented 21 species belonged to 8 families, its biomass was 90.6 kg. On the other hand, 458 individuals caught in the trammel net during the period represented 16species belonged to 6 families, its biomass was 26.3 kg. The results showed that the trammel net had lower number of species, individuals, and less biomass compared to those of the tyke net. Number of species confirmed was increased according as mesh size of the net was smaller. Besides, the fyke net with small mesh size was able to collect not only small-sized fish but also large-sized fish so that it was suitable to study qualitative and quantitative analysis of fish fauna in detail. Whereas, the trammel net with proper mesh size was effective to determine composition of fish species in the studied area.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2010

The key objective of this study was to analyze sampling efficiency of various fish sampling gears for a lentic ecosystem health assessment. This survey was conducted at twelve sampling locations of Jinyang Reservoir in November, 2008 and June, 2009. Sampling gears used in the field were fyke net (FN), gill net (GN), trammel net (TN), casting net (CN), minnow trap (MT), and kick net (KN). Fishes sampled in Jinyang Reservoir were 29 species, in which tolerant species, as a proportions of the total numbers, dominated the fish community compared to the sensitive species. Overall sampling indicated that 28 species (3,567 individuals) were sampled by the CN and 15 species (3,108 individuals) were sampled by the FN along with 14 species (577 individuals) by the TN, 7 species (107 individuals) by the GN, 6 species (59 individuals) by MT, and 5 species (95 individuals) by KN, respectively. Statistical analysis (MANOVA), based on CPUE of the fishing gears showed that fish species and numbers of the CN were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than those of any other sampling gears. In contrast, sampling gear of MT and KN showed the least efficiency in our survey. This survey is a preliminary results for the tests of sampling gear's efficiency in lentic ecosystems, thus further extensive studies are required for the verification.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.132-138
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• 2009

The energy efficiency and environment-friendly aspect of the railway system would be superior to other on-land transportation systems. In a preliminary feasibility study stage and selection of optimal railway corridor, the energy efficiency and problems related to environment are usually not considered. For the selection of optimal railway corridor, geographical features and facility of management are generally considered. Environment effect factors for the selection of environment-friendly railway corridor are focused and studied in this paper. In this study, various analysis of opinion of specialists (railway, environment, transport, urban planning, survey) and the guideline for construction of environment-friendly railway were accomplished. From these results of various analysis, 7 major categories (topography/geology, flora and fauna, Nature Property, air quality, water quality, noise/vibration, visual impact/cultural assets) were extracted. To select environment friendly railway corridors, many alternatives should be compared optimal corridor must be selected by a comprehensive assessment considering these 7 categories. The investment for railway systems can be encouraged by the considering of main environmental effect factor evaluated with the modified environmental weight factors for environment-friendly railway construction.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-38
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• 2012

Located in the middle part of the Korean peninsula, Pyeong-chang and Yeong-wol (Gangwon-do) areas are limestone regions that are important biogeographically showing the peculiar flora. In order to manage efficiently endangered and rare plant species, we have investigated flora of these above regions from March to October, 2010. The result of the investigation showed a total of vascular plants of 1,145 taxa; 134 families, 503 genera, and 1,010 species, 11 subspecies, 110 varieties, 10 forms and four hybrids. Among taxa investigated, endangered species designated by the law called 'Protection Law for Endangered wild fauna and flora' were seven taxa, and 50 taxa were considered to be endemic to Korea. Based on the floristic degrees categorized by the specific distribution of plant species, 24 taxa revealed the floristic degree (FD) V, 30 for FD IV, and 60 for FD III, 45 for FD II and 79 taxa for FD I. The 82 taxa were identified to be naturalized. Of those species investigated in this survey, 53 taxa were identified as specific ones biogeographically as compared to flora of other terrestrial regions; 35 of calcicolous plants, 15 with distribution in the northern part of the Korean peninsula, three with coastal habitats.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2017

In this study, in order to examine the change of soil animals by vegetation restoration types, experimental sites with biotope restoration method, forest topsoil paving method, small diameter trees planting method and multi-layer community planting method were applied and the control site was selected. The naturalness of soil animals was analysed by studying the change of soil animals. It was confirmed that the control site has a high level of the naturalness of soil animals as it includes a mixture of fauna sensitive and insensitive to environment distributed widely over the site. The experimental site with biotope restoration method showed a similar level of the naturalness of soil animals as the control site. Furthermore, the naturalness of soil animals in the experimental sites with small diameter trees planting method and multi-layer community planting method also showed a progressive restoration although the level of the naturalness of soil animals is lower than the experimental site with the biotope restoration method. Therefore, it is confirmed that the experimental site with biotope restoration method shows a faster recovery of soil animal than other sites. This is because this method uses the portion of topsoil and subsoil that were dug from the intact forest during transplantation.