• 운동영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2020

[Purpose] Although physical activity is required to prevent or ameliorate osteoporosis, medicine prescription should precede it, since it may be limited in severe osteoporosis patients. Furthermore, osteoporosis has a great effect on physical activity disorders that accompany fractures and pain, and therefore, research on treatment or prevention to decrease the number of patients is required. The purpose of this study was to discover candidate substances from natural products with an effective pharmacological action and to prepare basic data to help patients. [Methods] To prepare the osteoporosis model, ovariectomy (OVX) was performed using surgical methods. The prepared prescription [Shinkiwhan (SKH), a Korean medicine] was administered orally at a dose of 210 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. After completion of the animal experiment, the bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed using double-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The analysis of the effect of drugs on bones was performed using histological analysis and immunostaining. [Results] SKH increased the BMD in the OVX rats. Furthermore, SKH significantly increased the expression of osteoprotegerin and downregulated receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand and phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinases in the bones of the OVX model. [Conclusion] Our findings suggest a protective effect of SKH against BMD loss in the OVX model.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.12-27
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Guibi-tang water extract (GB) on osteoporosis. Methods: We examined the effect of GB on osteoclast differentiation using murine pre-osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells treated with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). The effect of GB on osteoclast was measured by counting TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and measuring TRAP activity. The mRNA expressions of osteoclastogenesis-related genes (Cathepsin K, MMP-9, TRAP, NFATc1, MITF, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, COX-2) were measured by real-time PCR. We examined the effect of GB on osteoblast proliferation, ALP activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis using murine calvarial cell. Results: GB decreased the number of TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and inhibited TRAP activity in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. GB decreased the expression of genes related osteoclastogenesis such as Cathepsin K, MMP-9, TRAP, NFATc1, MITF, COX-2 in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. But GB did not decrease the expression of iNOS and increased the expression of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. These genes (iNOS, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6) are thought to be related with the inflammatory bone destruction. GB increased cell proliferation of rat calvarial cell and also increased ALP activity in rat calvarial cell. GB did not increase bone matrix protein synthesis but increased collagen synthesis in rat calvarial cell. Conclusions: This study suggests that GB may be effective in treating osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and its related gene expression and by increasing osteoblast proliferation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2006

Purpose : This study is to examine what are the effects of the Woogwiyeum(WGY) on the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods : We devide mice to 3 Group(Sham operated group, control group, WGY treated group) and analyze each serum component. Results : 1. Body weight in control group showed significant increase in comparison with sham, but that in WGY-treated showed no change in comparison with control. 2. The level of serum albumin, ALP in control group showed significant decrease in comparison with sham. That in WGY-treated was decreased in comparison with control. 3. Trabecular bone area as well as trabecular thickness in control group showed significant decrease in comparison with sham. Those in WGY-treated showed significant increase in comparison with control. 4. Osteoclast number and oseoblast surface in control group showed significant increase in comparison with sham. Those in WGY-treated showed significant decrease in comparison with control. Conclusion : WGY has shown to be capable of preventing and curing osteoporosis caused by old-aged and postmenopause.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Cheongawongagam on osteoporosis rat. A total of 35 rats were divided into seven groups; Normal control(SD-Nr), experimental control group(OVX-CTL), positive control group(OVX-17β-E2) and herb extracts group[Eucommia ulmoides(OVX-EU-E), Juglandis semen(OVX-JR-SE), Acanthopanax senticosus(OVX-AS-E) extract and Cheongawongagam extracts(OVX-JAEG-E)]. All control group, and herb extracts group were ovariectomized. After the 3 weeks recovery period, herb extract group were orally administered 200 mg / kg of the EU-E, JR-SE, AS-E and JAEG-E for 12 weeks. In the OVX-CTL, 17β-estradiol(E2) was administered subcutaneously on the back of the rats at a dose of 0.03 ug/sc. Their body weight, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), calcium (Ca), estradiol, osteocalcin, and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) concentration were measured. Also, we investigated mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokine, MMP-2, MMP-9, and bone tissue. As a result, total cholesterol was significantly decreased in the OVX-AS-E and OVX-JAEG-E. ALP was significantly increased and osteocalcin, DPD was significantly decreased in OVX-JAEG-E. The expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, LTB4, COX-2, NOS-2), inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and MMP-9 mRNA were significantly decreased in OVX-JAEG-E. Histologic examination of the femur showed that bone mineral density, and bone mass were increased and bone marrow were decreased in the OVX-JAEG-E group. The above experiment shows that cheongawongagam extract were effective in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2018

Background: Examination of the effects of deer antler, old antler, and antler glue on postmenopausal osteoporosis in an ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rat model. Methods: The study involved 7 experimental groups; SHAM (sham-operated rats), OVX (ovariectomized rats), E2 (ovariectomized rats with estradiol $10{\mu}g/kg$ daily, orally), DA (ovariectomized rats with deer antler extract 5.83 mg/kg), OA (ovariectomized rats with old antler extract 3.8 mg/kg), low-AG (ovariectomized rats with low dose of antler glue powder 12.5 mg/kg), high-AG (ovariectomized rats with high dose of antler glue powder 37.5 mg/kg). After 6 weeks of treatment, body weight, blood calcium, phosphorus, estradiol, liver [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT)] and kidney [blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine ratio] function, and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) were measured. Results: The body weights of DA, OA, low-AG, and high-AG groups did not significantly differ from OVX group. Blood estradiol levels were significantly increased in the DA, low-AG, and high-AG groups compared to the OVX group. Blood calcium, phosphorus, ALP, AST, and ALT levels and BUN/creatinine ratio did not show significant changes in the DA, OA, low-AG, and high-AG groups. BMDs of the femur, and femoral head and neck were significantly increased in the low-AG group. In the OA group, the BMD of the femoral head and neck was significantly increased. Conclusion: Treatment with deer antler, or antler glue for 6 weeks was effective for increasing estradiol and femoral BMD in ovariectomized rats, suggesting that this may be of therapeutic benefit for osteoporosis.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.81-96
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• 2006

Purpose : this study is to examine what are the effects of the Sintongchukeatang(SCT) on the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods : 12weeks Female Sprague-Dawley 30 rats of weighting 250-300g, were divided into three groups including the sham operation groups(10heads) and overiectomy groups(10heads). then we observed changes in the body weight serum metabolic products and femoral trabecular bone. Results : 1. The level of serum ALP activity in control group showed significant increase in comparison with sham, but that in SCT-treated was significantly decreased in comparison with control. 2. The level of serum GOT in control group showed no change in comparison with sham, but that in SCT-treated was significantly decreased in comparison with control. The level of serum GPT did not significant change among the three groups. 3. The level of serum estrogen in control group showed slightly decreased in comparison with sham, but that in SCT-treated showed no change in comparison with control. 4. Trabecular bone area as well as trabecular thickness in control group showed significant decrease in comparison with sham. Those in SCT-treated showed significant increase in comparison with control. 5. Trabecular separation only in SCT-treated showed significant decrease in comparison with control. 6. Osteoclast number and oseoblast surface in control group showed significant increase in comparison with sham. Those in SCT-treated showed significant decrease in comparison with control. Conclusion : SCT has shown to be capable of preventing and curing osteoporosis caused by old-aged and postmenopause.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2003년도 추계학술대회초록집
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• pp.19-19
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• 2003

Osteoporosis is usually considered a disease of older women reported the rate, pattern and determinants of bone loss, far less information is available for men although it is also common in men [1,2]. The three major causes of osteoporosis in men are excessive alcohol intake, long-term glucocorticoid therapy, and hypogonadism [3,4]. In process of bone resorption, type I collagen crosslinking molecules, pyridinoline (PYD) are released into the circulation and cleared by the kidney. $^2$H$_2$O as a tracer has been applied to measure synthesis rates of slow-turnover proteins and successfully applied to bone collagen synthesis, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle in rat. The objective of this study was to examine osteoporosis and alcohol-induced changes of femur and liver in post-menopausal males using the developed method. (omitted)

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2002

Sprague-Dawley rat에 complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)를 투여하여 유발한 골다공증에 미치는 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3\;(Vit\;D_3)$의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 실험동물을 정상 대조군, CFA 투여 대조군, CFA 투여후 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3\;0.01{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군 (Vit $D_{3}L$) 및 $0.1{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군(Vit $D_{3}H$)으로 분류하여 경구로 3주간 투여하였다. 골다공증의 억제 효과를 알아보기 위하여 골밀도와 골함유량의 변화 및 주사전자현미경적 소견을 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 골밀도와 골함유량은 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ 투여용량과 부위에 따라 차이가 있었는데 Vit $D_3$ 투여군이 CFA 투여 대조군과 비교하여 골밀도와 골함유량이 증가하였으며 Vit $D_{3}H$군이 Vit $D_{3}L$군보다 좀 더 효과적이었다. 대퇴골의 주사전자현미경적 소견은 Vit $D_3$ 투여군의 골피질과 골소주의 손상이 CFA 투여 대조군보다 억제되었음을 볼 수 있었으며 Vit $D_{3}H$ 투여군이 Vit $D_{3}L$ 투여군보다 좀 더 효과적이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$의 투여는 CFA에 의해 유발된 rat의 골다공증 모델에서 골다공증의 진행을 억제하였고 Vit $D_{3}H$ 투여군이 Vit $D_{3}L$ 투여군보다 좀 더 효과적이었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2008

Pharmacotherapy was mainly used to treat osteoporosis. However, some researches showed that pharmacotherapy could induce unexpected adverse effects. Some studies showed that whole body vibration affected beneficially osteoporosis. This paper studied the effect of whole body vibration fur osteoporosis compared with the effect of pharmacotherapy. 10 female rats were used and allocated into 4 group, CON, SHAM, DRUG, and WBV. Rats except SHAM group were ovariectomised to induce osteoporosis. Rats in WBV group were stimulated in whole body vibration at magnitude of $1mm_{peak-peak}$ and frequency 45Hz, for 8 weeks (30 min/day, 5 days/week). Rat in DRGU group was orally administered the Actonel (0.58mg/Kg), for 8 weeks (5days/week). The $4^{th}$ lumbar in rats were scanned at a resolution of $35{\mu}m$ at baseline, before stimulation, and 8 weeks after stimulation by In-vivo micro computed tomography. For detecting and tracking changes of biomechanical characteristics (morphological and mechanical characteristics) in lumbar trabecuar bone of rats, structural parameters were measured and calculated from acquiring images and finite element analysis was performed. In the results, loss of quantity and change of structure of trabecular bone in WBV group were smaller than those in both CON and SHAM groups. In addition, mechanical strength in WBV group was stronger than that in both CON and SHAM groups. In contrast, biomechanical characteristics in WBV group were similar with those in DRUG group. These results showed that reasonable whole body vibration was likely to treat osteoporosis and be substituted partly for drug treatment.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2004

홍화씨 yoghurt가 골다공증에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 sham-operation되어 6주간 정상식이한 군을 대조구로 하였고, 난소 절제하여 6주간 저칼슘식이한 군을 정상식이군(G I), yoghurt를 첨가하여 사육한 군(G II) 및 1%${\sim}$4%홍화씨yoghurt를 첨가하여 사육한 군(GIII${\sim}$GVI)으로 구분하여 실험식이를 급여하였다. 사료섭취량, 체중 증가량 및 사료효율을 알아보았고, 왼쪽 대퇴골의 무게, 밀도, 길이, 강도, 회분 및 무기질 함량을 조사하였다. 또한 오른쪽 대퇴골의 조직을 SEM으로 관찰하였다. 사료섭취량은 대구조와 실험구간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 사료효율 및 체중 증가량은 홍화씨 yoghurt 식이구가 유의적으로(P　< 0.05) 높았으며, 특히 GV와 GVI구가 높게 나타났다. 왼쪽 대퇴골의 밀도, 강도, 회분 및 미네랄 함량은 대조구와 G I간에 유사한 경향을 나타내었고, 홍화씨 첨가수준이 높을수록 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 반면 무게와 길이는 전 실험구에 있어서 거의 일정하게 나타났다. 전자현미경으로 측정한 결과 4% 홍화씨 yoghurt 식이구(GVI)가 가장 골다공증 치유효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과 홍화씨 yoghurt 식이가 난소 절제 및 저칼슘식이를 한 rat의 골다공증에 미치는 효과에 있어서 정상식이 및 yoghurt 식이구보다 홍화씨 yoghurt 식이구가 높은 치유효과를 보였으며 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다.