• Toxicological Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.379-384
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• 1998

Endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance that changes endocrine function and causes adverse effects at the level of the organism, its progeny, and/or (sub)populations of the organisms. Purported adverse effects are cancers, declines in reproductive health, developmental learning disabilities in humans, and declining populations, altered morphology, physiology or behavior in wildlife. In these days, expert groups on chemicals in IPCS, IFCS and OECD are intensively discussing the identification of endocrine disruptors and the proper management of those chemicals. In this study, we screened the endocrine disrupting effects of lead using fertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes. In brief, the eggs were exposed to lead with different concentrations at Ringer's solution, and the mortality, the incidence of deformation, the body movement and the hatching success were determined after incubation. The histological analysis of normal and deformed larvae was also carried out. Compared to control, the mortality and the heart rate of eggs and/or larvae increased, but the hatching success and the tail movement decreased. The morphological observation showed the asymmetrical deformation of larvae and the distortion of spinal cord. The absorption of the liquid in yolk sac was hindered. The adverse effects of lead in the ontogeny of fertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes seemed to be stronger in pH5.6 than in pH7.5 solution. In summary, lead showed adverse effects on the ontogeny of fish fertilized eggs plays critical role in regulating biological systems and controlling developmental processes as an endocrine disruptor.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2011

본 연구는 해수담수화 부산물인 고염해수에 대한 어류의 단기적인 영향을 평가하기 위하여 해양생태독성평가용 표준시험종인 송사리(Oryzias latipes)를 이용하여 급성독성평가 및 행동패턴의 변화를 관찰하였다. 30.0 psu 해수에 순치된 송사리를 7일 동안 고염수에 노출하여 급성독성평가를 수행한 결과, 40.0~80.0 psu에 노출된 송사리의 사망률은 농도-반응의 선형관계가 뚜렷하였다. 반면 40.0 psu 이하의 염분에서는 송사리의 독성반응이 관찰되지 않았으나 50.0 psu 보다 높은 농도에서는 뚜렷한 독성 반응이 나타났다(7-day $LC_{50}$=514 psu). 송사리의 행동 변화 분석은 카메라를 통해 투시된 실시간 배정 영상을 추출하여 현재의 프레임과 차영상을 추출하는 기법을 이용하였다. 고염수 노출에 따른 송사리의 행동변화를 분석한 결과, 40.0 psu와 50.0 psu에 노출되고, 각각 3.1시간과 4.6시간 동안 초기 염분 스트레스를 받은 후에는 안정된 활동패턴을 보였다. 그러나 60.0 psu 보다 높은 농도에 노출된 송사리의 활동량은 염분노출 초기에 급격히 증가하였으며, 50% 가량 사망하였다. 70.0 psu 보다 높은 농도에서 실험생물의 활동량은 노출 후 급격히 증가하였으며, 행동패턴은 심각하게 교란되었고, 12시간 이내에 모든 개체가 사망하였다. 본 연구 결과, 고염해수에 대한 급성독성평가와 행동변화 모니터링 결과는 유의한 연관성이 나타났으며, 따라서 해수담수화에 따른 고염해수의 해양배출은 확산후 최종농도가 50.0 psu 이하로 배출될 수 있도록 조절하여야한다. 또한 카메라 관찰을 통한 영상 분석 기법은 시험생물의 행동변화에 따른 영향을 실시간으로 모니터링할 수 있으므로 조기 경보시스템으로 활용 가지가 높은 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2016

본 연구는 3배체 해산송사리, Oryzias dancena를 생산하기 위해서 다양한 조건에서 실험을 실시하였다. 저온처리($0^{\circ}C$)에서 30, 45, 60분간 처리하여 3배체를 유도 생산하였다. 여러 유도조건 결과, 45분간 처리하였을 때 가장 높은 3배체 생산율이 나타났다. 3배체 판별은 Chromosome 관찰, flow cytometer 분석 및 적혈구 측정을 통해서 판별하였다. 3배체 해산송사리의 적혈구 표면적과 부피는 2배체 해산송사리보다 크게 나타났고, 3배체 Chromosome number는 72개, 2배체는 48개가 관찰되었다. Flow cytometer 분석에서도 3배체가 2.40 pg/cell 그리고 2배체가 1.61 pg/cell 측정되어 DNA contents도 3배체가 2배체보다 1.5배 정도 크게 관찰되었다. 본 연구 결과는 불임 형질전환 어류를 위한 실험동물로의 3배체 해산송사리의 유용성 및 가치성을 제공한다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2013

토종어류를 이용한 효율적인 생태학적 모기 방제 방법을 제안하기 위해 서산지역에 서식하는 토종어류를 이용하여 모기를 제어할 수 있는 최적 조건을 알아보았다. 어류 종류별에 따른 모기유충 포식률과 온도차에 따른 포식활동의 변화를 알아본 결과, $32^{\circ}C$의 환경에서는 왜몰개가 가장 높은 포식률을 보였고 미꾸라지가 가장 낮은 포식률을 보였다. 반면 낮은 온도의 환경에서는 왜몰개와 얼룩동사리가 가장 빠른 시간에 높은 포식률을 보인 반면, 미꾸라지는 온도와 상관없이 어류 6종 중에 모기유충 포식률이 가장 낮았다. 수심에 따른 어류 종류별 모기유충 포식률은 왜몰개와 참붕어가 수조의 아랫부분에서, 붕어와 얼룩동사리는 수조 바닥부분에서 높은 포식률을 보였고, 미꾸라지는 수조 바닥부분에서 모기유충을 섭식하였다. 그리고 대륙송사리는 수표면에서 95%의 높은 포식률을 보였다. 서로 다른 위치에서 먹이활동을 하는 어류 3종을 선정하여 모기유충 50마리를 포식하는데 걸리는 시간을 측정한 결과, 왜몰개 2마리는 10분, 대륙송사리 2마리는 21분 그리고 미꾸라지 2마리는 45분이 걸렸다. 반면 미꾸라지와 왜몰개를 각각 1마리씩 넣었을 때는 8분, 미꾸라지와 대륙송사리를 넣었을 때는 17분이 걸렸다.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2001년도 전기 제11차 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.38-40
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• 2001

No Abstract (See Full-text)

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2005

The phylogeny and geography of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) populations of Korea were investigated by analyzing sequence data for the mitochondrial control region. From the 41 haplotypes including 25 Korean haplotypes detected in 64 Korean specimens and data for the Japanese and Chinese populations, phylogenetic and nested clade analyses were executed to examine the phylogeny of haplogroups and the relation of the genetic architecture of the haplotypes to the historical geography of the Korean medaka fish. The analyses suggest that there are two very distinct lineages of Korean medaka, and that these result from reproductive isolation mechanisms due to geographic barriers. The southeastern lineage has experienced recent range expansion to the western region. The northwestern lineage, sister to Chinese populations, showed evidence of internal range expansion with shared haplotypes.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2003

Fluoranthene, a common polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), exhibits phototoxicity which may affect aquatic organisms. The eventual goal of this study is to develop a biomarker of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) used in monitoring hazardous chemicals in the ecosystem. In this study we investigated neural toxicity of fluoranthene in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) along with comparative analysis of corresponding behavioral response. The untreated individuals shooed normal behavioral characteristics (i. e., smooth and linear movements). The treated fish, however, showed stopping and abrupt change of orientation (100 ppb), and severely reduced locomotive activity and enhanced surfacing activity (1,000 ppb). Treatment of the medaka fish with fluoranthene caused a significant suppresson of acetycholine esterase (AChE) activities in the body portion but not in the head portion. When fish were exposed to 1,000 ppb of fluoranthene for 24 hr, the body AChE activities decreased from 126.${\pm}$31.89 (nmoles substrate hydrolyzed per min per mg protein) to 49.51${\pm}$11.99. Expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein in the different organs from both head and body portions were comparatively analyzed using an immunohistochemical technique. Five organs of the medaka fish showing a strong TH protein expression were the olfactory bulb, hypothalamus, optic lobe, pons and myelencephalon regions. This study provides molecular and neurobehavioral bases of a biomonitoring system for toxic chemicals using fish as a model organism.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2009

The biological effects of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (cPAHs) including benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DBA), benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b] fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), and indeno[1,2,3-c, d]pyrene (InP) on transcriptomic changes were determined in the liver of Oryzias latipes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by binary exposure to cPAHs (BaP+BaA, BaP+BbF, BaP+BkF, BaP+DbA, BaP+InP) were screened by annealing control primers-based polymerase chain reaction followed by sequence analysis and BLAST searching. The results showed that four DEGs were commonly expressed by cPAHs and they were identified as ribosomal protein S4, coagulation factor II, elongation factor 1 beta, and a predicted protein similar to human immunodeficiency virus type I enhancer binding protein 3. This finding suggests that binary exposure to cPAHs interferes protein synthesis required for fundamental liver functions in fish.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2008

Differential gene expression profiling was carried out in the hepatic tissue of medaka fish, Oryzias latipes, after exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide (OPP), Iprobenfos (IBP), a widely used pesticide in agri- and fish-culture, using a medaka cDNA micro array. Twenty six kinds of differentially expressed candidate genes, with 15 and 11 induced and repressed in their gene expressions, respectively, were associated with cytoskeleton (3.8%), development (7.7%), immune (7.7%), metabolism (30.8%), nucleic acid/protein binding (42.3%) and reproduction (7.7%). Of these genes, changes at the transcription level of five were re-evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Considering the known function of authentic genes, the effects of IBP on the biological activity and pathological aspects in medaka fish were discussed. The identified genes could be used as molecular biomarkers for biological responses to OPPs contamination in an aquatic environment.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2009

Killifish (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to an organophosphate pesticide, pirimiphos-methyl, in a flow-through system to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF) following GLP (Good Laboratory Practice). This study was conducted at two different concentrations (1 and $10\;{\mu}$g/L) of $^{14}C$-labeled pirimiphos-methyl for 28 days uptake and 14 days depuration according to the OECD 305 test guideline. The $BCF_{ss}$ for total radioactive residues in whole fish were 1,251 and 1,277 for low and high concentrations, respectively. The $BCF_k$ based on the uptake and depuration rate constants were 1,200 for both low and high concentrations. During the depuration phase, the accumulated test substance was rapidly depurated from fish. Greater than 95% of the residue at steady-state was depurated after 2 days. Although the measured BCF values were high, pirimiphos-methyl could be evaluated as a low risk from bioaccumulation by aquatic organisms due to the short depuration period and low amount of bound residue (1.5%). We suggest that in evaluating bioaccumulation, not only the BCF should be considered, but also depuration time and bound residue in aquatic organisms give an indication of the potential environmental risks.