• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.175-193
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• 2007

A theory of the school which attach great importance to moxibustion therapy was more developed from 'Ge Hong(葛洪)', 'Wang Tao(王燾)' up to "BianQueXinShu(扁鵲心書)" of 'Dou Cai(竇材)' in Song Dynasty. The first volume of "BianQueXinShu" was described about the principles of health preserving method, diagnosis, treatment related with meridian system, support Yang theory, moxibustion therapy over the 10 chapters and in the continued 3 chapters, explained the symptoms and related moxibustion therapies. The summary is as follows. The Yang energy is the essence of the human body and it is minutely explained in "Hwangdineijing(黃帝內經)". However, the younger scholars after 'Zhang Zhongjing(張仲景)' held different views with "Hwangdineijing" so they didn't control serious diseases. Supporting the Yang energy, it will be possible to human body in good health and long life and perennial youth and longevity. To do like this, the first important thing is a moxibustion, the second is a Taoist hermit medication(丹藥) and the third is well usage of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata. According to the sequence of Yang energy deficiency, the stages of diseases are classified as Ordinary Gi(平氣), Latter deficient state(微虛), The more deficient state(甚虛), Exhausting state(將脫), Exhausted state(已脫) and in the consideration of each stage, it is used gradually with warm-natured berbs, warm-acrid herbs, warm-heated herbs and moxibustion therapy. If it comes to the stage of Exhausted state, the Yang energy is too weak to treat a disease. Therefore it is easy to harm human body with usage the treatment of the Purgationist school theory or the Cold and cool medical school theory, so it is needed a great attention to use these therapies. To summarized the keynote of 'Du Jae''s moxibustion therapy, the one is a minority of selection of points(1$^{\sim}$2 acupuncture points), the second is a majority of moxibustion units(50$^{\sim}$500 units), and the other is a focused selection of points on spleen and kidney(especially Gwanwon, CC4). And in this book, it was explained concretely about the size of moxibustion, according to the experiment with mentioned size, the burning time of moxibustion was almost 4 min 40 sec, so the big size moxibustion was one of the characteristic of moxibustion therapy revealed in this book. Also it was used 'Suseongsan(睡聖散)' - a kind of analgesic herb complexes - to reduce a pain during the usage of moxibustion therapy in this book. To develop the moxibustion theory, it is more investigated in the future that there wasn't significant relation between Gwanwon(CC4) and spleen and kidney meridian in theory, compared to many used Gwanwon(CC4) in the prescription, where as mentioned the importance of spleen and kidney in treatment, that considering the burning time(1 unit - 4 min 40 sec, 12 units an hour, maximum 288 units a day) there were no guidances about meals, sleeping, stool and urine, and that there was no concrete study about the toxicity of 'Suseongsan' as analgesic moxibustion therapy.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.109-121
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was performed to analysis the effect of oriental medical care for inpatients with facial paralysis that had visited Dept. of Otolaryngology Oriental medical hospital Dong-eui university. Methods : From January 2008 to September 2010, a clinical study was done on 250 inpatients who were treated as facial nerve paralysis at the Dept. of Otolaryngology Oriental medical hospital Dong-eui university. This study was assessed using the chart analysis. Results : 1. The distribution of sex : female 54.8%, male 45.2%. The distribution of age was pregented that fifty to sixty was the most in 67 cases(26.8%). 2. The distribution of the period of admission : female 12.5 days, male 9.9 days. 3. The distribution of past history : hypertention(18.8%), diabetes-mellitus(10.85%), facial paralysis(9.25%), cerebrovascular disease(4.4%), liver disease(5.6%), hyperlipidemia(1.2%), otitis media(1.2%), herpes zoster(1.2%), cardiac disease(2.45%), thyroid disease(1.2%). 4. The distribution of the region of facial paralysis : Rt(55.36%), Lt(56.52%). 5. Check the mastoid pain : 66.8%(female 73.91%, male 58.04%). 6. Out of prescription(Ko-Bang, 古方), Galgeun-Tang(葛根湯) and Gaejigeogaegayoungchul-Tang was used most in each 34 cases, Daesiho-Tang(大柴胡湯) 30 cases, Galgeungabanha-Tang(葛根加半夏湯) 27 cases, Sihogaeji-Tang(柴胡桂枝湯) 14 cases, Hwanggigaejiomul-Tang 12 cases, Odu-Tang(烏頭湯) 10 cases, Chijadaehwangsi-Tang 10 cases, Gaejigagalgeun-Tang(桂枝加葛根湯) 7 cases, Banhasasim-Tang(半夏瀉心湯) 5 cases, Injinho-Tang(茵蔯蒿湯) 5 cases in order. 7. The distribution of herb group : Mahwang-Jae(麻黃劑) 31.72%, Gaeji-Jae(桂枝劑) 26.00%, Siho-Gae(柴胡劑) 20.70%, Chija-Gae(梔子劑) 7.49%, Buja-Jae(附子劑) 4.41%, Banhahwanggeum-Gae(半夏黃芩劑) 3.08%, Daehwang-Gae(大黃劑) 2.64%, Bockryeong-Gae(茯笭劑) 1.76%, Jisil-Gae(枳實劑) 1.32%, Insam-Gae(人蔘劑) 0.88% in order. 8. The distribution of House-Brackmann grade of admission : Gr Ⅳ 74.85%, Gr.III 13.6%, Gr.V 11.6% in order. 9. The distribution of House-Brackmann grade of discharge : Gr.III 56%, Gr.IV 38.4%, Gr.II 5.6% in order. 10. The average number of OPD follow up is 6.46. Conclusion : This results indicated that oriental medical treatment with Ko-bang(古方) can be an effective way to treat facial paralysis. The more patients we treat with Ko-bang(古方), the more clinical report is accumulated. Then it would be helpful to map out a systematic treatment on facial paralysis.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2008

After translating the contents of "Treatise on Bundon Disease in Chapter 8 of the Essence of the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" and it was compared with the contents of "The Lecture of Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber" and speculated to review the characteristics of the comments of Ui(尤怡) and the following conclusions were made. As the causes of bundon(奔豚) disease, which means gas rushing like a running piggy from the lower abdomen to the throat, they could be categorized into the cases belongs to miscellaneous diseases (雜病) and into the cases of suffering from cold diseases(傷寒). If it was diagnosed as miscellaneous disease, terror and fear(驚恐) could be regarded as its cause and if it was diagnosed as cold disease, insufficiency of heart Gi(心氣) due to the excessive sweating and the invasion of exterior coldness could be regarded as its cause. As the pathogenesis of this disease, the pathogenic factors of liver and kidney could be found. Since the liver and Soyang meridian(少陽經) are subjected to the exterior and interior relation in case of the pathogenic factor of liver, alternate attacks of chills and fever(寒熱往來) could be characteristic for the disease. If this disease was caused by the pathogenic factor of kidney, there are two cases. One is the palpitation under the umbilicus(欲作奔豚: 臍下動悸) developed by the lack of heart Gi(心氣) and the other is gas rushing like a running piggy from the lower abdomen to the throat which could be developed by the exterior cold disease which invade into the interior and reach into the kidney when the heart Gi(心氣) was insufficient. In its treatment, bundon disease caused by the pathogenic factor of liver could be treated with Bundontang(奔豚湯), and the understanding of Ui(尤怡) on Pinellia ternata Breitenbach(半夏) having the effect of perspiration in the prescription is quite unique concept. In case of bundon disease caused by the pathogenic factor of kidney, treatment is focused to treat exterior coldness by applying moxibustion(灸) and Gyejigagyetang(桂技加桂湯), and in case of the palpitation under the umbilicus(欲作奔豚: 臍下動悸), its pathogenic factor of kidney is controlled with Cinnamomum louerii Nees(桂技), Polia cocos Walf and the spleen Gi(脾氣) is cared by using Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer et. De Candolle(甘草) and Zizyphus jujuba Mill(大棗). Especially, Ui(尤怡) emphasized Cinnamomum louerii Nees(桂技) as the medication to treat the pathogenic factor of kidney.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.79-95
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• 2010

Background and Purpose : By preventing diseases caused by exogenous evil, disorder of internal organs, and seven modes of emotions and adapting to mother nature when the mind is unsettled, and keeping the body and mind relaxed diseases can be avoided, but there can be unpredicted situations caused accidentally by stroke. Currently the general prescription is regulating the flow of vital energy including drugs eliminating blood stasis. Even though the stroke is resulted from diseases caused by exogenous evil, by observing the patient's physical appearance, essence of life, vital energy, and mental faculties which are believed to be the functions of the heart to clear the upper body and invigorate the functions of the spleen and stomach and purge with drugs of warm nature is a closer approach than simply prescribing vital energy regulating drugs with eliminating blood stasis to the main purpose of treatment. Methods : 1) The subject of the study are 2 cases of patients who have visited the private hospital of the person who is announcing the results of the study. These patients have been given a diagnosis of edema or cystoma caused by bursitis in the knee joint through perception or medical examination and were waiting for operational application. 2) Sources related to stroke from Dong Eui Bo Gwam(東醫寶鑑) were used as the general standard of Korean Traditional Medicine, and to promote the understanding the original text and the translation has been given. 3) By observing the whole body such as the patient's usual physical appearance, essence of life, vital energy, and mental faculties which are believed to be the functions of the heart, or partly using the "Yin is even and well while Yang is firm" theory of "Plain Questions" as the background to present the results of the clinical study. Results and Conclusion : Generally the prescriptions from the first volume of Dong Eui Bo Gwam(東醫寶鑑) are mostly drugs eliminating stagnated blood including extravasated blood and the blood moving sluggishly in circulation or congested in a viscus, alleviating pain, invigorating blood circulation. Also prescriptions for bone fracture or fracture of bones and sinews are mostly to eradicate blood stasis with drastic drugs or coaptation drugs added to drugs eliminating stagnated blood including extravasated blood and the blood moving sluggishly in circulation or congested in a viscus, alleviating pain, invigorating vital energy, possessing warm properties for the Xue system.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2008

Korean traditional medicine has been used for the treatment of the various diseases based on both oriental medicinal theory and clinical trials. Thus, the prescriptions of Korean traditional medicine would be useful for the development of new therapeutics. This research focuses on the fundamental study in Korean traditional prescriptions for the development of new hepatoprotective agents. We found two prescriptions. Injinho-Tang and Osumogwa-Tang, showed the significant DPPH free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective effect, respectively. It is well-known that free radical scavenging effect is related to the prevention of various pathological events including liver injury. This paper deals with hepatoprotective effects on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells, free radicals scavenging on both DPPH and superoxide of above two prescriptions. Hot water extract of Injinho-Tang did not show the significant hepatoprotective effect on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells, however, it shows the significant scavenging effects for both DPPH and superoxide radicals. On the other hand, all of the hot water extracts of constituent herbal drugs in Injinho-Tang exhibited the promising protective effect on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. Of these, water extract of Rhei Rhizoma showed the most prominent effect on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation of Rhei Rhizoma extract has furnished four compounds, and their chemical structures have been identified by comparison of their spectral data with those of literature as chrysophanol (1), emodin (2), 3,5-dihydroxy-4'- methoxystilbene (3), and rhapontigenin (4), respectively. Among the isolated compounds, compounds 2-4 revealed the significant hepatoprotective effect in vitro when their $EC_{50}$ values compare with that of silybin, as a positive control. It also exhibited that emodin possessed the most hepatoprotective effect among these active compounds. In case of Osumogwa-Tang, its hot water extract showed the moderate protective effect on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. Hot water extract of Chaenomelis Fructus, one of the constituent herbal drug of this prescription, exhibited the significant hepatoprotective effect with $EC_{50}$ value of $7.8{\pm}0.1\;{\mu}g/ml$, however, it showed strong cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells above the concentration of $25\;{\mu}g/ml$. It was revealed that both hot water extract of Evodiae Fructus and its butanol soluble fraction showed the moderate hepatoprotective effect but concentration-dependent activity in Hep G2 assay system. Two quinolone alkaloids, evocarpine and dihydroevocarpine, also tested for their hepatoprotective effects on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells, however, these two compounds derived from the Evodiae Fructus as the major constituents did not show in vitro hepatoprotective effect. From these results, it would be necessary to further isolation of its hepatoprotective compounds from the butanol soluble fraction of the hot water extract of Evodiae Fructus.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.4682-4691
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• 2014

반하백출천마탕은 다양한 약리활성을 가진 전통한방처방이다. 본 연구는 한방처방의 품질관리를 위한 기초자료로서, 고성능액체 크로마토그래피 (RP-HPLC)을 이용한 반하백출천마탕에서 12종 지표성분 Homogentisic acid, Hesperidin, Naringin, Alisol A, Atractylenolide II, Atractylenolide III, Ginsenoside Rg1, Formononetin, Gastrodin, Berberine, Palmatine, 6-gingerol를 동시분석 하였다. 표준액은 상업용 $C_{18}$ 역상 컬럼과 이동상으로 물(0.1% TFA)과 아세토나이트릴을 사용하여 기울기용매조성법인 유속은 1.0mL/min, 주입부피는 $10{\mu}L$, 컬럼오븐 온도 $40^{\circ}C$, 파장 200, 220, 280, 340nm에서 수행되었다. 이 결과 모든 표준성분의 검량선은 우수한 직선성 $r^2$ >0.999으로 나타내었다. 또한 검출한계(LOD)와 정량한계(LOQ)는 $0.012{\sim}0.878{\mu}g/mL$ 및 $0.009{\sim}0.290{\mu}g/mL$, 정밀성 intra-day와 inter-day는 0.07~1.21%및 0.20~0.90%, 회수율은 97.17~108.40%, 각각의 함량은 매우 미미한 변화를 타나내었다. 이 연구결과는 실험적으로 입증된 동시분석법의 확립에 따라 반하백출천마탕의 품질평가를 효율적으로 보여주었다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.75-100
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• 1990

As a result, the investigation into Gyung-Ak (景岳)'s theory of Myungmun (命門) was led to the next conclusions. First, Gyung-Ak (景岳) defmed Myungmun as the gate of Suncheon (先天) and Whoocheon (後天), by which the life of Suncheon is obtained and the life of Whoocheon is maintained. He maintained that Myungmun is located between two kindneys, not sided to the right as in the Nankyeong (難經), and considered the substance of Myungmun as Jagung (子宮 ${\fallingdotseq}$ uterus) or the other names as such Jaho (子戶), Jajang (子腸) Danjeon (丹田), Hyeolsil (血室), etc. On the essence or function of Myungmun it was considered as Taegeuk (太極) of the body which shapes the North Pole in the center of the body, and as the hinge of rise and fall, as controller of Soowha-action (水火作用) and Eumyang-changing (陰陽變化), and as storage of Suncheon Jinil-ki (先天 眞一之氣), the source of life and vitality and as the spring of Twelve-Jang (十二藏). Thus, the function of Five-Jang (五臟 ${\fallingdotseq}$ Five-Viscera) and Six-Boo (六腑 ${\fallingdotseq}$ Six-Bowels) and actions of life is obtainded by Myungmun, and the life and death of man and the change of life is related to that. Bi-Wi (脾胃 ${\fallingdotseq}$ Spleen & Stomach) as well as Myungmun is the root of Five-Jang and Six-Boo, but since Bi-Wi is the base of postnatal nutrition to belong to the son of Wonyang (元陽), Myungmun is treated more important as the mother of Bi-Wi. Sin (賢 ${fallingdotseq}$ Kidney) was perceived as inseparably related with Myungmun, but in the course of theoretical development the function of Sin was considered to be ultimately operated by the action of Myungmun. In the Theory of Jineum (眞陰論), Gyung-Ak full accounted the diverse nature of disease and patholog from Soowha-shortage of Myungmun, and presented the laws and methods of medical treatment to those. Finally, in his theory related to Myungmun, some logical contradiction and confusion in conceptions was discovered and the anatomy of Present age proved that the location of Jagung and DanJeon, which he recognized as the substance of Myungmun is not coincided. Summerizingly, the Gyung-Ak's theory of Myungmun closely related the theory of Myungmun to the theory of Eumyang-Jungki (陰陽精氣論), by whole discourse of the characteristics of physiology possessing Soowha of Myungmun on the foundation of Eumyang-hogeun (陰陽互根) and Jungki-hosaeng (精氣互生). Gyung-Ak regarded the function of Myungmun as more important than any other Jang, discoursed more systematically and more specifically about the Myungmun than any others, and presented the theory of Sin-Myung (賢命理論) and prescription which is important to Care of Health and Medical Treatment (養生治病), thus influenced very greatly on the development of Oriental Medicine.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

자외선은 생체 내 활성산소 생성 증가와 내인성 항산화 효소 및 항산화제 감소를 통하여 광노화 과정을 촉진하는 대표적인 외부 환경인자로 알려져 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 12종의 다양한 해양소재 추출물(김, 다시마, 모려, 모자반, 미역, 석결명, 청각, 해룡, 해마, 해삼, 파래, 톳)을 이용하여 기본적인 자유라디칼 소거능 실험을 바탕으로, 자외선 B 조사로 인한 세포독성 및 산화적 사멸을 억제하고 세포 내 항산화 기능을 강화시킬 수 있는 천연 항산화 피부보호소재를 발굴하고자 하였다. 해양소재 추출물의 라디칼 소거능을 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DppH) assay로 비교 측정한 결과 미역, 모자반, 다시마, 해마, 석결명 모려, 해룡의 순으로 항산화력을 나타내었다. 이후 in vitro 세포 실험에서 자외선 B를 섬유아세포주인 HS68 세포에 노출시킨 경우 세포 독성이 유발되어 사멸이 진행되었으며 이는 모자반, 석결명, 청각, 해마 열수 추출물을 처리한 경우 현저히 억제되었다. 특히, 자외선 B로 인한 세포손상은 세포 내 활성산소종의 축적으로 인한 것임을 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) 형광염색법으로 확인할 수 있었으며, 활성산소종의 생성은 모자반, 석결명, 청각, 해마 열수 추출물을 처리한 경우 유의적으로 감소되었다. 한편, 이러한 항산화 작용은 대표적인 내인성 항산화 효소인 catalase, superoxide dismutase 및 heme oxygenase-1의 발현 증가로 매개되었다. 이상의 결과는 모자만, 석결명, 정각, 해마 풍의 해양소재가 항산화 작용을 통하여 산화적 스트레스가 매개하는 피부손상과 노화과정을 예방 및 보호하는 새로운 화장품 천연소재로의 활용 가능성을 제시한다.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제3권
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• pp.207-222
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• 1994

In order to find out the effect of Anti-Histamine of the Sungmagalkuntang and Sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang I've investigated the effect of the time to death, the peripheral vascular Pemeability, the amount of secretion of Gastric Juice, the total Acidity of Gastric Juice, the contraction of Intestine Tube by Histamine and the effect of the Skin-Reaction by the decrease of DNCB. These results are following ; 1. The effect of Mice's time to death by Histamine was that the injection group of sungmagalkungtang and the injection group of sungmagalkungtang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the extention of the time to death, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 2. The effect of the increased vascular permeability by Histamine was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang and the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the restraint of the increased vascular permeability, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 3. The effect of the the amount of the secretion of Gastric Juice by Histamine stimulus was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang only has had the effect of restraint of the increased of the secretion of Gastric Juice, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 4. The effect of the change of total Acidity of Gastric Juice by Histamine's stimulus was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang only has had the effect of the restraint of the increase of total Acidity of Gastric Juice, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 5. The effect of the contraction of Intestine Tube by Histamine was that sungmagalkuntang and sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the contraction and the restraint. According to the increase of the density, the effect of the restraint was more clear. But the difference of the effects between two substances had little. 6. The effect of the reaction of skin by the decrease of DNCB was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang and the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang have had the decreased effect of the Skin-Reaction in comparison with comparative group. sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang aws more effective. In these results shown above, both sungmagalkuntang and sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang was shown as more effective one.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2014

Objectives : Zizyphi spinosi Semen is widely used for treating insomnia in korea and other oriental country. This study is analyzing combination tendency of Zizyphi spinosi Semen in herbal formula for treating insomnia. Methods : Herbal formulas for treating insomia were searched in "The Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine", and checked in each literary source. Then, the herbal formula was divided in two groups : FCZ(The formula group containing Zizyphi spinosi Semen) and FWZ(The formula group without Zizyphi spinosi Semen). FCZ and FWZ were compared by following criteria; i) Prevalence of herbal formula by period ii) Prevalence of medicinal material's effects iii) Prevalence of medicinal material iv) Prevalence of the nature of midicinals v) Prevalence of flavor of medicinals vi) Prevalence of meridian entry. Results : 116 Herbal formula met our criteria, and herbal formulas were divided in two groups : FCZ(n=59), FWZ(n=57). The result of prevalence in FCZ is following; Herbal formula prevalence increased as time passed to the Qing(淸) dynasty. Tonifying and replenishing medicinal(補益藥), tranquillizing medicinal (安神藥), and inducing diuresis to drain dampness medicinal(利水滲濕藥) are the three most prevalent types of materia medica. In specifically, Panax ginseng radix(人蔘), Liriopis Tuber(麥門冬), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Poria Cocos(茯神), Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Poria cocos(茯神), Polygalae Radix(遠志), Thuja Orientalis L.(柏子仁), Paeonia Japonica(白芍藥), and HgS(硃砂) are combined frequently. The most prevalent nature of medicinals were 'warm microwarm(溫 微溫)' and flavor of medicinals was normal(平). Meridian entrys that frequently combined were heart(心), spleen(脾), and liver(肝). Conclusion : We found combination tendency of Zizyphi Semen in herbal formula for treating insomnia.