• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.184-184
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• 2003

Endosulfan is one of the organochlorine pesticides, well-known endocrine disruptors (EDs). Many EDs show the estrogenic effect. Estrogen is a group of hormones that play an important role in mammary gland function and implicated in mammary carcinogenesis. In the present study. using mouse mammary gland organ culture (MMOC) system. we studied the the effects of endosulfan on nodule like alveolar lesion (NLAL) formation in the mouse mammary gland development. (omitted)

• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.137-149
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• 2015

Human hepatocytes, with complete hepatic metabolizing enzymes, transporters and cofactors, represent the gold standard for in vitro evaluation of drug metabolism, drug-drug interactions, and hepatotoxicity. Successful cryopreservation of human hepatocytes enables this experimental system to be used routinely. The use of human hepatocytes to evaluate two major adverse drug properties: drug-drug interactions and hepatotoxicity, are summarized in this review. The application of human hepatocytes in metabolism-based drug-drug interaction includes metabolite profiling, pathway identification, P450 inhibition, P450 induction, and uptake and efflux transporter inhibition. The application of human hepatocytes in toxicity evaluation includes in vitro hepatotoxicity and metabolism-based drug toxicity determination. A novel system, the Integrated Discrete Multiple Organ Co-culture (IdMOC) which allows the evaluation of nonhepatic toxicity in the presence of hepatic metabolism, is described.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum amounts of vegetables to use for flavoring chicken head soup base. The effects of the amounts of ginger and onion on the sensory properties of chicken head soup base were examined, and the optimum amounts were determined using response surface methodology. Sensory properties that were evaluated were yellowness, turbidity, bloody flavor, chicken-brothiness, organ meat-like flavor, and sweet taste. The increased amounts of ginger and onion led to a decrease in bloody flavor and organ meat-like flavor. The optimum levels of ginger and onion were determined to be 40g and 50g, respectively. Chicken head soup base prepared with optimum amounts of vegetables contained more arginine, tryptophan, inosine monophosphate (IMP), and hypoxanthine than plain chicken head soup base. It also had less hexanal, which is related to fat rancidity.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.198.2-199
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• 2000

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.258-260
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• 2002

We investigated the interaction of serotonin and galanin (GA) by a double immunostaining method in the Japanese quail. Serotonin-immunoreactive (IR) cells were located in the paraventricular organ (PVO) and infundibular nucleus (IF). The number of the cells under short-day photoperiod (SD) was less in the dark phase than in the light phase. GA-IR cells were found in the PVO, IF and median eminence. The number of GA-IR cells in SD was significantly greater than that in long-day photoperiod (LD). Numerous GA- IR varicose fibers ran along serotonin- IR cell bodies and nerve fibers in the PVO and IF of the same sections. Very few serotonin-IR fibers ran along GA-IR cell bodies and GA-IR nerve fibers in the ventral part of the IF. The present results suggest that the possibility of functional interaction takes place between serotonin- and GA- IR neurons in the PVO and IF.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.193-197
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• 2009

Background: Though it is clear that many types of viruses can infect the oral mucosa, its condition for infection is unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the conditions for viral infection of normal oral mucosa and explore the possibility of topical gene therapy to oral mucosa using a viral vector. Methods: Freshly taken fragments of the palate and the tongue of mice were used for organ culture. The specimens were exposed to green fluorescent protein (GFP)-adenoviral vector for 1 hour except for the control. Initial viral titer was $6.3{\times}10^{11}\;pfu/ml$ and the virus was diluted to working concentrations. The dilution ratio was 1:1,000 ($6.3{\times}10^8\;pfu/ml$), 1:10,000 ($6.3{\times}10^7\;pfu/ml$), and 1:100,000 ($6.3{\times}10^6\;pfu/ml$). They were then cultured on a stainless steel wire mesh in an organ culture dish. The specimens were stereoscopically examined every 24 hours for 6 days, after which they were fixed and analyzed through immunohistochemical methods Results: There was no visible expression in the control, $6.3{\times}10^6\;pfu/ml$, and $6.3{\times}10^7\;pfu/ml$ groups. Initial expression was observed at 24 hours after infection in both the palate and the tongue in $6.3{\times}10^8\;pfu/ml$ and the expression significantly increased until 3 days in the palate and 2 days in the tongue after infection (P<0.05). In both groups, the expression was mostly observed at the resection margin. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the epithelial cells were positive to GFP. Conclusion: The present study showed that topically applied adenovirus containing specific genetic information of GFP could successfully transduce GFP in normal oral epithelial cells at the resection margin in organ culture in terms of dose and exposure time.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.512-519
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of a novel tissue engineering approach to regenerate intervertebral disc. In this study, thermosensitive scaffold (chitosan-Pluronic hydrogel) and nanofiber were used to replace the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus of a degenerated intervertebral disc, leading to an eventual regeneration of the disc using the minimally invasive surgical procedure and organ culture. In preliminary study, disc cells were seeded into the scaffolds and cellular responses were assessed by MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on these results, we could know that tissue engineered scaffolds might provide favorable environments for the regeneration of tissues. Organ culture was performed in fresh porcine spinal motion segments with endplates on both sides. These spinal motion segments were classified into three groups: control (Intact), injured NP (Defect), and inserting tissue engineered scaffolds (Insert). The specimens were cultivated for 7 days, subsequently structural stability, cell proliferation and morphological changes were evaluated by the relaxation time, quantity of DNA, GAG and histological examination. In these results, inserting group showed higher relaxation time, reduced decrement of DNA contents, and accumulated GAG amount. Consequently, the tissue engineered scaffolds used in this study seen to be a promising base scaffolds for regenerative intervertebral disc due to its capacity to absorb external dynamic loading and the possible ideal environment provided for disc cell growing.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.214-218
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• 2007

The water extracts of Samultang (Samul) has been used for treatment of ischemic heart and brain damage in Oriental traditional medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the water extract of Samul rescues cells from oxidative damages in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent that is also highly ototoxic. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Samul on ciplatin-induced ototoxicity in HEI-OC1 auditory cells and organ of Corti explant culture. Cisplatin markedly decreased the viability of HEI-OC1 auditory cells. However, treatment of HEI-OC1 cells with Samul significantly reduced cisplatin-induced cell death and apoptotic characteristics through reduction of intracellular peroxide generation. Cisplatin induced cytotoxicity in isolated and cultured hair cell progenitors from postnatal rat cochleae. These progenitor cells are isolated from the lesser epithelial ridge (LER, or outer spiral sulcus cell) area of pre-plated neonatal rat cochlear segments. However, Samul completely protected the morphological changes of organ of Corti and LER. Taken together, these data suggest that the protective effects of the water extracts of Samul against cisplatin may be mediated by the reduction of intracellular peroxide generation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.205-216
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• 1995

This study was examined chromosome structure of kidney, fin, blood cell, sexual organ that were differently examined chromosome of a good cell activity from organ, medium, staining methods, instruments with rainbow trout 100. And so we obtained following conclusion. 1. The difference from each organ and medium is that a good cell activity of fin, kidney, sexual organ were obtained in TC-199 medium and a good cell activity in TC-199 medium+PHA(5%). 2. In the difference by staining methods, G-banding and C-banding were analyzed by electron microscope or cytoscan. Among them, heterochromatin of centromere analyzed by C-banding. 3. The zygotene and the leptotene were analyzed in this study. 4. Karyotype, heterochromatin and each stage of cell division were clearly analyzed by cytoscan.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

Organ transplantation is currently the most fundamental treatment for organ failure, but there is a shortage of organ supply compared to those in need. Regenerative medicine has recently developed a decellularization technique that overcomes the limitations of conventional organ transplantation and attempts to reconstruct damaged tissues or organs to their normal state. Several decellularization methods have been suggested. In this experiment, the decellularization methods were used to find effective decellularization methods for humanlike porcine placenta. The optimal conditions for decellular support are low DNA content and high glycos amino glycans (GAGs) and collagen content. In order to satisfy this condition, SDS and Triton X-100 and SDS + Triton X-100 were used as the detergent used for decellularization in this experiment. The contents were compared according to the decellularization time (0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours), and the concentrations of SDS (0.2, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0%) were mixed in 1.0% Triton X-100 to analyze the contents. When decellularized using SDS and Triton X-100, respectively, it was confirmed that the contents of DNA and GAGs were opposite to each other. And decellularization treatment for 24 hours at 0.5% SDS was able to obtain an effective decellular support. If decellularization studies of various detergents can be obtained an effective decellular support, and furthermore, cell culture experiments can confirm the effect on the cells.