• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.27-40
• /
• 2024

This study empirically derives the factors affecting the practice of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of venture firms in Korea from the perspective of Slack Resource Theory and the company's growth strategy, and provides implications for future expansion of venture firm's CSR activities. In Korea, venture firms have grown into important players in the national economy since the late 1990s through social contributions such as economic value creation, job creation, and technological development. As venture companies grow in status, positive relationships with stakeholders and responsibility for environmental and social values are required. Now, CSR is becoming an important strategic choice for SMEs and venture firms. However, until now, CSR-related academic research has mainly focused on large or listed corporations, and there is not much research on SMEs or venture firms. In particular, research on the factors that lead venture companies to make important business decisions of participating in CSR activities is not there yet. This study applied logistic multiple regression analysis using the '2023 Survey on Venture Firms' conducted by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups. As a result of this study, operating profit, which is an available resources of venture companies, and government support, which is a potential resource, have a positive impact on venture firms's CSR activities. Also, business relationships with large corporations and expectation for future cooperation also have a positive impact on CSR activities as the determinants. On the other hand, it was analyzed that in venture firms where ownership and management are not separated, the higher the CEO's shareholding ratio, the more negatively it affects CSR activities. This study contributes academically as the first empirical study on the determinants of CSR activities of venture firms in Korea and provides implications that government policy support and collaboration between large corporations and venture firms are important in order to expand CSR activities of venture firms.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.31
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 2024

This paper sought to garner an understanding of Daegaya glass culture by observing the micro-structure and analyzing the chemical composition of 43 glass beads excavated from the No.73 and 74 ancient tombs in Jisan-dong, Goryeong, which are estimated to have a central age of 5th century CE. The visible characteristics and micro-structure of these artifacts were observed with a optical microscope and an scanning electron microscope, while their chemical composition was analyzed with an energy-dispersing spectrometer attached to the scanning electron microscope. As a result, the glass beads of Jisan-dong, Goryeong were identified to have been formed using various methods such as drawing, casting, and folding techniques, with the majority molded by the drawing technique. In terms of chemical composition, 32.6% were in the potash glass group and 67.4% in the soda glass group, with the latter divided into various fluxes such as high alumina glass, netron glass, and plant ash glass. Compared to Baekje's cultural region in the same age, the composition of these ancient glass artifacts demonstrates a high share of the potash glass group. This shows that, despite the shift from the potash glass group to the soda glass group in ancient Korean glass culture, glass composition differs from region to region or depending on the cultural sphere of influence. In the soda glass group, high-alumina glass comprised 23.3%, natron glass 43.0%, and plant ash glass was 1.2%. Among them, the main type of Korean soda glass is high-alumina glass, as natron glass and plant ash glass are known to have appeared later, but the results of scientific analysis of the glass beads excavated in Jisan-dong can be expected to provide important clues about the inflow and transformation of ancient glass on the Korean Peninsula. In the No. 73, 74, and 74-1 ancient tombs, which were found to have been built in chronological order by the excavation survey, the glass beads showed only slight variations depending on their production period. Nonetheless, the chemical composition of glass is deemed to have a close correlation to color.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.277-292
• /
• 2024

In order to manage large-scale forest fires concentrated in Gangwon-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do with severe topographical heterogeneity, a decision-making process through efficient and rapid damage assessment using satellite images is essential. Accordingly, this study targets a large-scale forest fire that ignited in Gangneung and the Donghae, Gangwon-do on March 5, 2022, and was extinguished around 19:00 on March 8, to estimate the fire severity using dNBR and derive environmental factors that affect the grade. As environmental factors, we quantified the regular vegetation index representing vegetation or fuel type, the forest index that classifies tree species, the regular moisture index representing moisture content, and DEM in relation to topography, and then analyzed the correlation with the fire severity. In terms of fire severity, the widest range was 'Unbured' at 52.4%, followed by low severity at 42.9%, medium-low severity at 4.3%, and medium-high severity at 0.4%. Environmental factors showed a negative correlation with dNDVI and dNDWI, and a positive correlation with slope. Regarding vegetation, the differences between coniferous, broad-leaved, and other groups in dNDVI, dNIWI, and slope, which were analyzed to affect the fire severity, were analyzed to be significant with p-value < 2.2e-16. In particular, the difference between coniferous and broad-leaved forests was clear, and it was confirmed that coniferous forest suffered more damage than broad-leaved forest due to the higher fire severity in the Gangwon-do region, including Pinus densiflora, which are dominant species, as well as P. koraiensis, P. rigida and P. thunbergii.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.90-101
• /
• 2024

The test answer sheets submitted by examinees in the Joseon Dynasty were called Sigwon (test papers with answers, 試卷), and Siji (blank test papers, 試紙) were generally prepared by the examinees themselves. At that time, paper was not produced as a standard product, so there was no uniformity in size or manufacturing method. Mulberry paper in the Joseon Dynasty was basically transparent, so various paper processing methods were applied for examinees to write answers on both sides. In order for ink lines to be written smoothly, Dochim (hitting paper with a wooden bat on the stone, 搗砧) or surface processing was treated. We found a 19th-century Siji (試紙) that was processed in a unique way, which led to this study. An unusual Sigwon (試卷) is one by Lee Mangi (李晩耆) from 1848 owned by the National Folk Museum of Korea. We found that an opaque white substance was thickly applied between the papers of this Siji (試紙). Through component analysis using infrared spectrophotometry, fluorescence X-ray spectroscopy, optical and polarizing microscopy, and electron microscopy, this white substance was proved to be rice starch. From these analyses, it is presumed that this Siji (試紙) was made by soaking rice flour in water to remove a significant amount of protein, and then applying wet starch containing a small amount of protein between sheets of paper. In addition, with a Siji (試紙) reproduction experiment, we found that the paper reproduced by this processing method was thick and high in whiteness and opacity. This is believed to be a production method designed to produce double-sided paper without using multiple sheets of paper, which was difficult to obtain at that time. In this study, the material processed between the sheets of paper was disclosed only from < Lee Mangi (李晩耆)'s Sigwon (試卷)(Minsok 71745)>, but this appears to be one of several processing methods to treat the paper during the Joseon Dynasty. We hope that more similar Sigwons will be discovered in the future and that extensive research on processing methods will be conducted.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.705-713
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Currently, the only routes that enter Yeongjong Island are Yeongjong Bridge and Incheon Bridge, which are private roads. The purpose of this study is to predict and study changes in transportation demand for new routes and two existing routes according to the plan to open the 3rd Bridge, a new route, in December 2025. Method: The basic data for traffic demand forecast were O/D and NETWORK data from 2021.08, KOTI. In order to examine the reliable impact of Yeongjong Bridge and Incheon Bridge on the opening of the 3rd Bridge, it is necessary to correct the traffic distribution of Yeongjong Island and Incheon International Airport to suit reality, and in this study, the trip distribution by region was corrected and applied using Mobile Big Data. Result: As of 2026, the scheduled year of the opening of the 3rd Bridge, two alternatives, Alternative 1 (2,000 won) and Alternative 2 (4,000 won), were established and future transportation demand analysis was conducted, In the case of Alternative 1, which is similar to the existing private road toll restructuring, the traffic volume of the 3rd Bridge was predicted to be 42,836 out of 199,101 veh/day in the Yeongjong area in 2026, and the traffic volume reduction rate of the existing road was analyzed as 21.5%. Conlclusion: As a result of the review (based on Alternative 1), the proportion of convertted traffic on the 3rd Yanji Bridge was estimated to be 70% of Yeongjong Bridge and 30% of Incheon Bridge, and 21.5% of the predicted traffic reduction on the existing road when the 3rd Yanji Bridge was opened is considered appropriate considering the results of the case review and changes in conditions. It is judged that it is a way to secure the reliability of the prediction of traffic demand because communication big data is used to reflect more realistic traffic distribution when predicting future traffic demand.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.143-154
• /
• 2024

Heat waves caused by climate change are rapidly increasing health damage to vulnerable groups, and to prevent this, the national, regional, and local governments are establishing climate crisis adaptation policy. A representative climate crisis adaptation policy to reduce heat wave damage is to expand the number of cooling centers. Because it is highly effective in a short period of time, most metropolitan local governments, except Jeonbuk, include the project as an adaptation policy. However, the criteria for selecting a cooling centers are different depending on the budget and non-budget, so the utilization rate and effectiveness of the cooling centers are all different. Therefore, in this study, we developed logistic regression models that can predict and evaluate areas with a high probability of expanding cooling centers in order to implement adaptation policy in local governments. In Incheon Metropolitan City, which consists of various heat wave-vulnerable environments due to the coexistence of the old city and the new city, a logistic model was developed to predict areas where heat waves can be cooling centered by dividing it into Ganghwa·Ongjin-gun and other regions, taking into account socioeconomic and environmental differences. As a result of the study, the statistical model for the Ganghwa·Ogjin-gun region showed that the higher the ground surface temperature and the more and more the number of elderly people over 65 years old, the higher the possibility of location of cooling centers, and the prediction accuracy was about 80.93%. The developed logistic regression model can predict and evaluate areas with a high potential as cooling centers by considering regional environmental and social characteristics, and is expected to be used for priority selection and management when designating additional cooling centers in the future.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.129-183
• /
• 2024

This study is an attempt to get closer to the psychological truth of alcohol addiction. After reviewing previous related studies, the experiences of Korean alcoholics were examined, encompassing both the conscious and unconscious aspects. In order to approach the unconscious, the researcher paid attention to the series of dreams that the patients reported, from the perspective of Jungian dream analysis. Working with dreams brought considerable benefits in increasing patient's involvement in the therapeutic process and fostering therapist-patient alliance. It also helped to understand patients' conscious and unconscious aspects further. The results were as follows. On the conscious level, patients showed a long-standing alienation from their true emotional needs, a lack of sufficient experience in genuinely expressing and being accepted with one's own emotion, resulting in the need for emotional re-experience, along with the intense longing for maternal affection. This also meant that they were in need for maternal re-experience, and at the same time, for the associated paternal re-experience. Furthermore, the researcher identified that certain powerful archetypal complexes had been activated in the patient's unconscious in response to their conscious situations, triggering the destructive shadows to emerge and exert a strong influence on their conscious lives. The series of reported dreams shows how the unconscious always properly and diligently compensates, modifying the perspective and attitude of the conscious and gradually opening the doors to healing, even for alcoholic patients. This indicates that the unconscious carries out a specific and consistent guidance role so the conscious can realize and adequately respond to it, and that it also provides the creative force for transforming the conscious life. These findings suggest that alcohol addiction is a psychological condition that can jeopardize one's life by allowing the powerful energy of the unconscious to penetrate the conscious, but at the same time, have the purpose and direction to urge the creative transformation of one's conscious life. From these results, it can be concluded that the first step towards true recovery is for the individual to turn their attention towards the psychological truth occurring within themselves. In this regard, the therapist's role is crucial. This also suggests that various attempts in the field of addiction treatment will blossom their real values when they contribute, directly or indirectly, to the development of one's self-awareness since as long as one continues to turn away from the psychological truth and persist in craving for false objects, their creative healing properties in the unconscious could rather have negative and destructive impacts on their life.

• Industry Promotion Research
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.57-75
• /
• 2024

This study examined how ESG activities of convenience stores, affect consumers' store loyalty. Using 300 valid samples of convenience store users collected through an online specialized agency (Company M), this study empirically analyzed the effects of environmental (E), social (S), and governance (G) activities among ESG on trust and store loyalty, and the mediating effects of trust and the moderating effects of eco-friendly values, social media activity, and consumer-company identification. The results of the analysis showed that, first, governance activities had a positive effect on trust, and environmental activities and trust had a positive effect on store loyalty, but social activities had no effect Second, trust had a moderating effect only on the relationship between governance activities and store loyalty, and third, in the relationship between ESG activities and trust, eco-friendly values and social media activity had moderating effects on environmental, social, and governance activities, and consumer-company identification had moderating effects on environmental and governance activities, but not on social activities. Therefore, convenience store brands should further strengthen their environmental and social activities to build consumer trust, especially environmental activities, which only directly affect store loyalty, so they should be more cautious and proactive. In addition, intensive marketing activities are needed to build trust among consumers who have high eco-friendly values, social media activity, and consumer-company identification. Therefore, this study confirms the critical view of consumers despite the social contribution activities of convenience store brands, and suggests that in order to improve them, it is necessary to strengthen social activity efforts, actively participate in ESG activities of on-site franchisees who are customer contact points, and educate employees.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
• /
• v.78
• /
• pp.57-85
• /
• 2024

Purpose of the study: In order to utilize artificial intelligence-generated AI in educational ministry, this study analyzes the concept of artificial intelligence and generative AI and the educational theological aspects of educational ministry to find ways to efficiently utilize artificial intelligence ChatGPT in educational ministry. Contents and methods of the study: The contents of this study are. First, the contents of this study were analyzed by dividing the concepts of artificial intelligence and generative AI into the concept of artificial intelligence, types of artificial intelligence, and generative language model AI ChatGPT. Second, the educational theological analysis of educational ministry was divided into the concept of educational ministry, the goals of educational ministry, the content of educational ministry, and the direction of educational ministry in the era of artificial intelligence. Third, the plan to use artificial intelligence ChatGPT in educational ministry is to provide tools for writing sermon manuscripts, preparation tools for worship and prayer, and church education, focusing on the five functions of the early church community. It was analyzed by dividing it into tools for teaching, tools for teaching materials for believers, and tools for serving and volunteering. Conclusion and Recommendation: The conclusion of this study is that, first, when writing sermon manuscripts through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, high-quality sermon manuscripts can be written through the preacher's spirituality, faith, and insight. Second, through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, you can efficiently design and plan worship services and prepare services that serve the congregation objectively through various scenarios. Third, by using artificial intelligence ChatGPT in church education, it can be used while maintaining a complementary relationship with teachers through collaboration with human and artificial intelligence teachers. Fourth, through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, we provide a program that allows members of the church community to share spiritual fellowship, a plan to meet the needs of church members and strengthen interdependence, and an attitude of actively welcoming new people and respecting diversity. It provides useful materials that can play an important role in giving, loving, serving, and growing together in the love of Christ. Lastly, through artificial intelligence ChatGPT, we are seeking ways to provide various information about volunteer activities, learning support for children and youth in the community, mentoring-related programs, and playing a leading role in forming a village community in the local community.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.813-824
• /
• 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of training on the physical development and exercise performance of adolescent weightlifters, aiming to provide effective training and management strategies for improving competitive performance. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, adolescent weightlifters from middle and high schools in Chungcheongnam-do province [male middle school-aged athletes, n=5; female middle school-aged athletes, n=5; male high school-aged athletes, n=12; female high school-aged athletes, n=8] were examined over approximately 10 months of weightlifting-based training to analyse the changes in body composition, physical fitness (muscular strength, muscular endurance, agility, flexibility, dynamic balance, coordination), and isokinetic muscular function (trunk and lower extremity). As a result, it was found that the physical development of middle and high school-aged athletes underwent physical development primarily characterized by an increase in lean body mass. Additionally, back muscle strength and power, which contribute to rapid and efficient force transmission between the upper and lower body, as well as grip strength necessary for controlling the barbell with a stable grip, are significant factors. These aspects were notably enhanced through specialized training and competitive experience for weightlifting performance at the high school level. On the other hand, changes in factors beyond the primary physical attributes contributing to weightlifting performance were limited, suggesting differences in effectiveness likely stemming from the specific composition of training programs or the athletes' experience and skill levels. Collectively, the findings from this study, which evaluates the physical characteristics and exercise abilities of adolescent weightlifters, are expected to contribute to improved competitive performance of weightlifters.