• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.905-910
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• 2002

To investigate an eliminatory effect of mixed extract of Hovenia dulcis Thunb, Gastrodia elata and Alnus japonica etc., on the ethanol-induced hangover, 12 hr-fasted male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220±20 g were given mixed extract (10 mL/kg, p.o.) and administered ethanol at a dose of 3 g/kg bw (25% in distilled water) orally 30 min postdosing. Blood was collected from caudal artery at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hr and then the animals were sacrificed at 24 hr after the ethanol treatment. From 0 to 12 hr, the administration of mixed extract significantly decreased the area under the serum alcohol concentrations-vs.-time curves by 21 % compared with control group. In these experiments, liver function indices, such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities, showed unaltered results in all treated groups compared with the normal group. These results suggest that oral intake of the mixed extract may be effective on elimination of ethanol-induced hangover.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2013

Purpose: Laparoscopic gastrectomy has been adopted for the treatment of gastric cancer, and despite the technical difficulties, totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy has been considered less invasive than laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy. Although there have been many reports regarding the feasibility and safety of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy at large volume centers, few reports have been conducted at low-volume centers. The purpose of this study is to try to assess the feasibility and safety of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy at a low volume center through the analysis of short-term outcomes of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy compared with laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: The clinical data and short-term surgical outcomes of 35 patients who had undergone laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy between April 2007 and March 2010, and 37 patients who underwent totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy between April 2010 and August 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: There was no significant difference in the demographic and clinical data. However the reconstruction method and extent of lymphadenectomy showed statistically significant differences. Operation time and estimated blood loss did not show significant differences. Surgical and medical complications did not show significant differences but postoperative courses including time-to-first oral intake and postoperative hospital stay were significantly increased. Conclusions: Our study shows that totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy is technically feasible at a low volume center. Therefore, totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy can be considered as one of the surgical treatment for early gastric cancer. However the possibility that totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy may have less benefit should also be considered.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of water extract of Coix lacrymajobi var. mayuen on obesity and its associated factors in high fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice. Methods: Male C5BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups, normal group (chow diet), a HFD, HFD with water extract of Coix lacrymajobi var. mayuen 100 mg/kg (W-Coix), and HFD with phentermine 5 mg/kg (Phen) as positive control. Body weight, food intake, fasting blood glucose were checked every week and then organs, blood serums were collected after 16 weeks of treatment. Results: Body weight and adipocyte size were significantly lesser in W-Coix than in HFD group; however energy efficiency in W-Coix were not different with HFD. The oral glucose tolerance test, serum glucose and insulin were significantly decreased in W-Coix, also lipid accumulations in liver tissue and lipid levels (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol) were improved with W-Coix treatment. However skeletal muscle loss with HFD was not changed in W-Coix compared with HFD group. Conclusions: The W-Coix treatment decreased body weight, adipocyte size and it is associated with improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Further studies are needed to know the mechanism of antiobesity in W-Coix.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-54
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• 2019

Purpose: Potocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS), is a recently identified, rare genomic disorder. The patients are affected by infantile hypotonia, poor growth and developmental delay. Facial dysmorphism may not be obvious in some patients. PTLS is associated with microduplication at chromosome 17p11.2. In the current study, three Korean patients are reported with their clinical and genetic features. Materials and Methods: The clinical findings of each patient were reviewed. Karyotyping and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analyses were done for genetic diagnoses. Results: All the patients did not have the characteristic dysmorphic features, such as broad forehead, triangular face, asymmetric smile and palpebral fissures. On the other hand, all three patients were affected by variable degree of developmental delay, poor oral intake, failure to thrive, and language development disorders. Chromosome 17p11.2 duplication was identified by conventional karyotyping analysis only in one patient, whereas the other confirmed by MLPA analyses. Conclusion: Delayed development was mostly commonly observed in our patients without distinct dysmorphic facial features. In this respect, genomic screening in patients with developmental delay would identify more cases with PTLS to understand their long-term clinical courses with the development of adequate psychological and rehabilitation education program.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.307-314
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• 2016

Cheese is generally considered a safe and nutritious food, but foodborne illnesses linked to cheese consumption have occurred in many countries. Several microbial risk assessments related to Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli infections, causing cheese-related foodborne illnesses, have been conducted. Although the assessments of microbial risk in soft and low moisture cheeses such as semi-hard and hard cheeses have been accomplished, it has been more focused on the correlations between pathogenic bacteria and soft cheese, because cheese-associated foodborne illnesses have been attributed to the consumption of soft cheeses. As a part of this microbial risk assessment, predictive models have been developed to describe the relationship between several factors (pH, Aw, starter culture, and time) and the fates of foodborne pathogens in cheese. Predictions from these studies have been used for microbial risk assessment as a part of exposure assessment. These microbial risk assessments have identified that risk increased in cheese with high moisture content, especially for raw milk cheese, but the risk can be reduced by preharvest and postharvest preventions. For accurate quantitative microbial risk assessment, more data including interventions such as curd cooking conditions (temperature and time) and ripening period should be available for predictive models developed with cheese, cheese consumption amounts and cheese intake frequency data as well as more dose-response models.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.9-19
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• 2007

Objective : The study was done to investigate Scrophularia buergeriana Miquel's effects in the genomic level, by measuring gene expression in hyperthyroid induced rats using cDNA micro array. Methods : Spargue-Dawley rats were separated into three groups(each with 10 rats). Except normal group, the other two groups were treated with Sodium levothyroxine $160{\mu}g$/kg/days for 5 days by oral administration. After 2 hours of the last intake of Sodium levothyroxine on two experimental group, one group was treated Scrophularia buergeriana Miquel extract 1.0g/kg/days for 3 days. The other groups(normal group, administration group) was treated normal saline 1.0g/kg/days for 3 days. Gene expression of hyperthyroid rats were measured after medication of solid extract of Scrophularia buergeriana Miquel with cDNA microarray. Results : In thyroid tissue, the numbers of the genes showed over twice increase and decrease in the control group compared to the normal group were 296, in the Scrophularia buergeriana Miquel administration group compared to the normal group were 859 and in the hypothalamus, the numbers of the genes showed over twice increase and decrease in the control group compared to the normal group were 416, in the Scrophularia buergeriana Miquel administration group compared to the normal group were 391. Conclusion : According to the above results, it is suggested that Scrophulari buergeriana Miquel suppress hyperthyroidism effectively and regulate the gene expression in the thyroid and brain.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2005

We examined the effects of food on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of fenofibrate released from sustained-release(SR) capsule as therapy for hypolipidemia. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were used in $3{\times}3$ crossover pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study; Additional six volunteers were used as a control group (i.e., no fenofibrate administration). A single dose of fenofibrate (SR capsule, 250 mg) was administered on three occasions: after overnight fasting, after consumption of a standard breakfast, and after a high-fat breakfast. Serial blood samples were collected for the next 72 hours. Plasma fenofibric acid concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using ADAPT II program. Plsama triglyceride concentrations were measured by blood chemistry analyzer (CH-100). The pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly affected by food intake. The high-fat breakfast affected the rate of absorption of fenofibrate more than did the standard breakfast and fasted conditions. Plasma concentrations of triglyceride at 24 hours decreased significantly after the administration of fenofibrate compared with the concentration at 0 hours(P<0.05). In healthy volunteers, the bioavailability of fenofibrate was greater when administered via sustained-release capsules immediately after the consumption of food than after fasting condition.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 1996

The reconstruction of esophageal defect after ablative surgery have more difficult than other digestive tract tumor because the restoration of anatomical and physiologic function is difficult, the risk of tumor invasion into the adjacent tissue is large. The reconstruction of cervical esophus was depended on the degree of resection of the esophagus, various reconstruction method was developed to minimize functional deficiency and deformity of cervical region. Recently, the free jejunal transfer or free radial forearm flap was commonly utilized for esophageal reconstruction due to development of technique of the microvascular anastomosis. After the esophageal reconstruction used by free jejunal transfer was reported by Seidenberg in 1951, jejunum is most commonly used for reconstruction of esophgus. Becaue of, it have been tubed anatomical similarity with muscular layer, relative small risk of complication, possible of oral intake within 10 days after operation, and early rehabilitaion. Authors have been treated esophageal defect with free jejunal transfer in 7 patients after resection of lesion in 6 eshageal cancer and 1 esophageal stricture from December 1994 to January 1996. We were transferred jejunum used by intercostal artery as recipient artery in 3 cases, it was satisfied with results. If intercostal artery was utilized as recipient artery for free jejunal transfer, we believe that any site of intrathoracic or intraabdominal esophageal defect is possible to recontruction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.231-247
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• 1993

This study was designed to confirm the effect of dietary protein level and oral administration of tryptophan on brain serotonin metabolism. Two animal experiments were conducted. The objectives and results of research were as follows : In the first experiment, it was investigated whether administration of reserpine to Sprague-Dawley rats fed 6% or 20% casein diet induced decrease in serum tryptophan and large neutral amino acid(LNAA) concentrations, tryptophan/LNAA concentration ratio, brain tryptophan, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA) contents. Brain serotonin content of 6% casein diet group was lower than those of 20% casein diet group. Both 6% and 20% casein diet groups administered with reserpine to induce the analogous depression, showed the notable decrease in brain serotonin content when they were compared with 20% casein diet group not administered with reserpine. Serum tryptophan/LNAA ration and brain 5-HIAA content showed a tendency similar to the change of serotonin content, but the mean difference among all groups was not significant. From these results, it could be said that when the dietary protein level was low, brain serotonin content was decrease. The second experimnt was to see the change in serum tryptophan concentration and tryptophan/LNAA ratio and brain tryptophan, serotonin and 5-HIAA content when tryptophan was administered orally to the animals treated with reserpine. Serum tryptophan concentration tended to increase in both reserpine-treated 6% and 20% casein diet groups administered with tryptophan, especially in the 6% casein diet group. Serum tryptophan/LNAA concentration ratio tended to incrase in reserpine-tteated 6% casein diet group, while decrease in reserpine-treated 20% casein diet group. Brain tryptophan content was increased in both reserpine-treated 6% and 20% casein diet groups. However, brain serotonin content of reserpine-treated 6% casein diet group showed a tendency to decrease, while that of reserpine-treated 20% casein group increase. Consequently, the effect of tryptophan administration on increase of brain tryptophan and serotonin content in animals treated with reserpine was far more excellent in 20% casein diet groups. It was concluded that dietary protein intake and tryptophan administration increase brain serotonin level. Accordingly, it was possible to confirm that brain function, particularly in aspect of behavior related to the serotonin, was changed with manipulation of dietary composition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 1971

The incidence of diabetes mellitus among Koreans as shown an increasing tendency recently, probably due to the various factors such as the improving living conditions. The majority of people are ignorant or indifferent to the nature, progress and prognosis of diabetes mellitus in Korea. 107 cases of diabetes mellitus which had been admitted to Severance Hospital between January and August, 1971 were Studied. Of these 107 cases, 22 cases were interviewed thoroughly during their hospital stay and the response to their diet therapy was carefully checked. 1) Of the 107 cases 69 cases were male and 38 cases were female; the sex ratio was 18:1. The age of the onset of the disease was as follows: 2 cases were under 20 years of age; 20 cases (18.7%) were under 40 years of age and 85 cases (79.5%) were over 40 years of age. Juvenile diabetes was less frequent when compared with developed countries. 2) Patients complaints and symptoms on admission, complications of sickness, and duration of sickness until the female discharge were also studied. We found that the incidence of tuberculosis complication in diabetes melltius was alarming (13. 8%). 3) In most cases, the control of diabetes was inadequate and diet practisis by the patients was also very poor even when they had known of the diabetes mellitus for a considerable period of time. During hospitalization 75 cases (70.0%) were controlled by diet and oral medications alone. Only 16 cases (15.0%) needed insulin injection, the remaining 16 cases required both diet control and insulin injection. 4) In general, patients received hospital diet satisfactorily. Only a few cases complained of difficulties with milk intake because of no previous dietary experience or of excessive meat orfish because they preferred vegetables and fruit. 5) Patients responded well to the dietitians interviews in the hospital but follow up study and care were poorly organized after discharge from the hospital. 6) The diet exchange 1ist published by the Korean Diabetic Association was not well received by the patients or the general puplic because it is not inexpensive and detailed instructions were not given at the time of discharge from the hospital.