• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3399-3419
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• 2020

In the Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), the data transmission of time-sensitive applications requires low latency, such as accident warnings, driving guidance, etc. However, frequent changes of topology in VANET will result in data transmission failures. In order to improve the efficiency of VANETs data transmission and increase the timeliness of data, this paper proposes a relay scheme based on Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) trajectory prediction, which can be used to select the optimal relay vehicle to transmit data. The proposed scheme learns vehicle trajectory in a distributed manner and calculates the predicted trajectory, and then the optimal vehicle can be selected to complete the data transmission, which ensures the timeliness of the data. Finally, we carry out a set of simulations to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme enhances the timeliness of the data and the accuracy of the predicted driving trajectory.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2007

The multi-driver off-road vehicle drive-line consists of many components, with close connections among them. In order to design and analyze the drive-line efficiently, a modular methodology should be taken. The aim of a modular approach to the modeling of complex systems is to support behavior analysis and simulation in an iterative and thus complex engineering process, by using encapsulated submodels of components and of their interfaces. Multi-driver off-road vehicles are comparatively complicated. The driving-line is an important core part to the vehicle, it has a significant contribution to the performance. Multi-driver off-road vehicles have complex driving-lines, so performance is heavily dependent on the driving-line. A typical off-road vehicle's driving-line system consists of a torque converter, transmission, transfer case and driving-axles, which transfers the power generated by the engine and distributes it effectively to the driving wheels according to the road condition. According to its main function, this paper proposes a modularized approach for design and evaluation of the vehicle's driving-line. It can be used to effectively estimate the performance of the driving-line during the concept design stage. Through an appropriate analysis and assessment method, an optimal design can be reached. This method has been applied to practical vehicle design, it can improve the design efficiency and is convenient to assess and validate the performance of a vehicle, especially of multi-driver off-road vehicles.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.489-493
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• 2006

이 논문의 목표는 최적의 효율을 갖는 PLS 구동 인버터 회로를 설계하는 것이다. 일반적으로 펄스로 구동되는 PLS가 높은 광변환 효율을 갖는다고 알려져 있다. 낮은 듀티비의 펄스를 만들 수 있는 회로로는 E급 공진형 인버터와 세미브리지 인버터가 있다. 이 논문에서는 위의 두 회로의 손실을 분석한다. 손실분석을 확인하기 위해서 220V 380W 입력소비전력을 갖는 인버터 회로를 제작하고 시험하였다. 실험결과를 통해서 높은 효율의 PLS 시스템을 확인했다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2019

This paper suggests a car-following algorithm for urban environment, with multiple target candidates. Until now, advanced driver assistant systems (ADASs) and self-driving technologies have been researched to cope with diverse possible scenarios. Among them, car-following driving has been formed the groundwork of autonomous vehicle for its integrity and flexibility to other modes such as smart cruise system (SCC) and platooning. Although the field has a rich history, most researches has been focused on the shape of target trajectory, such as the order of interpolated polynomial, in simple single-lane situation. However, to introduce the car-following mode in urban environment, realistic situation should be reflected: multi-lane road, target's unstable driving tendency, obstacles. Therefore, the suggested car-following system includes both in-lane preceding vehicle and other factors such as side-lane targets. The algorithm is comprised of three parts: path candidate generation and optimal trajectory selection. In the first part, initial guesses of desired paths are calculated as polynomial function connecting host vehicle's state and vicinal vehicle's predicted future states. In the second part, final target trajectory is selected using quadratic cost function reflecting safeness, control input efficiency, and initial objective such as velocity. Finally, adjusted path and control input are calculated using model predictive control (MPC). The suggested algorithm's performance is verified using off-line simulation using Matlab; the results shows reasonable car-following motion planning.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2011년도 제43차 동계학술발표논문집 19권1호
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• pp.107-108
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• 2011

철도기술의 발전 이후 현재 도시철도에서는 국내 처음으로 열차의 안전한 운행 제어를 위한 자동/무인 운전이 가능한 자동 열차 운행 장치(ATO)를 도입해 안정적으로 정시 운행을 하고 있다. ATO 자동운전은 제어기준 값(목표속도)과 피드백 값(실제속도)간의 오차에 의한 전동차의 역행과 제동을 반복함으로 에너지 효율 낮다. 본 논문에서는 고정된 역간 거리를 정해진 운전 시분 내에 주행에너지를 최소화하며 주행하는 열차의 특성을 파악하고 모델링한다. 따라서 5호선 실 노선 구간별 운전시분 내에서 실측 데이터 분석을 위해 직선구간/구배구간/곡선구간 등 구간을 선정하고 그 구간에서 열차의 주행패턴에 따라 변화하는 주행에너지를 최소화하는 최적의 주행 패턴을 제시하였다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2005년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.421-426
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• 2005

Optimal design of serial connected PZT driven micro compressor was investigated. Modeling equations were derived using energy equation and mass conservation equation. The results show that mass flow rate was increased as number of connected micro compresses is increased. As pressure difference between suction port and discharge port in compressor group is increased, connected compressors have much more mass flow rate than single compressor. Mass flow rate is also increased as driving frequency is increased. And optimal design scale is suggested for highest efficiency or highest mass flow rate.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2010

With the diversification of distribution facilities, existing distributed generation can be subdivided into Microgrids, which are smaller units for application. These Microgrids, subdivided as such and connected to distribution systems, should operate under driving plans that will ensure their economic efficiency and, accordingly, the configuration of those distribution systems that include Microgrids should also be changed. The perception of the necessity to secure the economic efficiency of distribution systems is gradually increasing and studies intended to assess the economic efficiency of Microgrids and Smartgrids are ongoing. In this paper, the power generation capacity of an economically operative Microgrid was calculated using the MonteCarlo simulation, which is a method based on the probability theory considering the power generation cost of Microgrids linked with power supply systems and reverse sales costs, etc., and an optimum distribution systems was configured based on the results of these calculation.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2023

Recently, the global automobile industry is aiming for a transition from internal combustion locomotives to zero-emission vehicles. Electric vehicles powered by battery energy can operate at peak performance and improve fuel economy by applying multiple motors or multi-speed transmissions. In order to design a two-speed transmission, it is necessary to evaluate and analyze the application system and performance of electric vehicles. In this study, control performance optimization of a twostage battery electric vehicle equipped with an AMT-based automatic transmission was performed and performance according to control pattern changes was analyzed. In order to improve the operating efficiency of the motor, the shift control that sets the optimal operating point according to the vehicle speed and required torque was derived from the motor efficiency map. The performance of battery energy consumption and transmission loss energy according to the hysteresis interval was analyzed and optimized. The hysteresis interval applied to the optimal shift map acted as a factor in reducing the frequency and loss of shifts. It has been shown that keeping the hysteresis interval at about 4 km/h can reduce energy consumption while reducing the number of shifts.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제40권11호
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• pp.963-970
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• 2016

본 연구는 가속페달에 반력을 생성하여 운전자의 경제운전을 유도하기 위한 에코페달의 설계와 성능 검증을 다룬다. 에코페달의 제어로직은 사전에 설정된 "허용가속도"를 바탕으로 현재 속도에서 허용되는 연료소비량을 정하고 이를 실제 연료소비량과 비교하여 에코페달의 작동을 결정하는 방식을 제안하였다. 폐달 반력은 운전자가 충분히 인지하되 불쾌감을 느끼지 않아야 하며, 차량의 정상 거동에 간섭이 없어야 한다. 스텝형과 램프형 반력 등과 같이 페달 답력이 급속하게 증가하는 형태의 반력은 반력 작동이 멈춘 직 후 운전자의 답력에 의한 급작스러운 가속 현상 때문에 적용이 어렵고, 이러한 문제가 없는 진동형 반력을 채택하였다. 진동형 반력의 주파수, 진폭, 작동시간은 운전자의 주관적 평가와 연비 향상 효과를 고려하여 결정하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 에코페달을 차량에 장착하여 주행시험을 실시한 결과 고속도로와 시내주행에서 각각 13%와 15%의 연비향상 효과를 보여주었다.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.59-80
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• 2022

In the present study, the objective is to detect the structural damages using the responses obtained from the sensors at the optimal location under uncertainty conditions. Reducing the error rate in damage detection process due to responses' noise is an important goal in this study. In the proposed algorithm for optimal sensor placement, the noise of responses recorded from the sensors is initially reduced using the principal component analysis. Afterward, the optimal sensor placement is obtained by the damage detection equation based sensitivity analysis. The sensors are placed on degrees of freedom corresponding to the minimum error rate in structural damage detection through this procedure. The efficiency of the proposed method is studied on a truss bridge, a space dome, a double-layer grid as well as a three-story experimental frame structure and the results are compared. Moreover, the performance of the suggested method is compared with three other algorithms of Average Driving Point Residue (ADPR), Effective Independence (EI) method, and a mass weighting version of EI. In the examples, young's modulus, density, and cross-sectional areas of the elements are considered as uncertainty parameters. Ultimately, the results have demonstrated that the presented algorithm under uncertainty conditions represents a high accuracy to obtain the optimal sensor placement in the structures.