• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2020

A compact beam combiner based on two-mode interference (TMI) in multimode waveguides is proposed, and its feasibility is shown through simulation with the three-dimensional beam propagation method. The input waveguides are separated by about 1 ㎛ at the interface with the multimode waveguide, so that the fabricated waveguide pattern is well repeated. The power transmission to the output port from the red, green, and blue input port is 93.5%, 94%, and 93%, respectively. When the wavelength deviation from a center wavelength is 10 nm, the power transmission is maintained to be greater than 90%. When the waveguide width error is 40 nm, the power transmission is maintained to be greater than 85% for all the three colors. The polarization dependence of the beam combiner is almost negligible, and its size is as tiny as 0.02 × 4 ㎟.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 1993

In the case of an imaging system affected by aberrations which are not precisely known, the effect of aberrations can be minimized and near-diffraction-limited images can be restored by introducing artificial random phase fluctuations in the exit pupil of the imaging system and using bispectral speckle imaging. In order to determine the optimum value of the correlation length for Gaussian random phase model, computer simulation is performed for 50 image frames of a point object in the presence of defocus, spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism of 1 wave, respectively. In terms of the criterion of performance, the FWHM of the point spread function, normalized peak intensity, MTF and visual inspection of the restored object are employed. The optimum value for the rms difference $\sigma$ of aberration on the exit pupil in the interval of Fried parameter ${\Upsilon}_0$ is given by 0.27-0.53 wave for spherical aberration, and 0.24-0.36 wave for defocus and astigmatism, respectively. It is found that the bispectral speckle imaging technique does not give good results in the case of coma.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.95-100
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• 2016

High-power quasi-continuous-wave (qcw) operation in Yb-doped double-clad fiber lasers with near-diffraction-limited quality of the output beam is reported. Based on numerical simulation, we built a simple, all-fiberized Yb fiber laser, and a fiber-based master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA). Both laser systems have successfully produced qcw output with average power greater than 150 W at 1080 nm and 10 ms pulse duration at 10 Hz repetition rate, corresponding to a peak power greater than 1.5 kW for 205 W of pump power at 976 nm. Laser performance, including beam quality and slope efficiency, was characterized in both configurations. Prospects for power scaling and applications are discussed.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.70-74
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• 2007

This paper describes the development of a nano-positioning system for nanoscale science and engineering. Conventional positioning systems, which can be expensive and complicated, require the use of laser interferometers or capacitive transducers to measure nanoscale displacements of the stage. In this study, a new self-displacement sensing (SDS) nano-stage was developed using mechanical magnification of its displacement signal. The SDS nano-stage measured the displacement of its movement using a position-sensitive photodiode (PSPD), a laser source, and a hinge-connected rotating mirror plate. A beam from a laser diode was focused onto the middle of the plate with the rotating mirror. The position variation of the reflected beam from the mirror rotation was then monitored by the PSPD. Finally, the PSPD measured the amplified displacement as opposed to the actual movement of the stage via an optical lever mechanism, providing the ability to more precisely control the nanoscale stage. The displacement amplification process was modeled by structural analysis. The simulation results of the amplification ratio showed that the distance variation between the PSPD and the mirror plate as well as the length L of the mirror plate could be used as the basic design parameters for a SDS nano-stage. The PSPD was originally designed for a total travel range of 30 to 60 mm, and the SDS nano-stage amplified that range by a factor of 15 to 25. Based on these results, a SDS nano-stage was fabricated using principle of displacement amplification.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39A no.11
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• pp.645-651
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• 2014

For blind equalization, we propose a method of updating an equalizer, which generates an error from selectively applying a transmitted symbol constellation and that of induced equivalently from the transmitted symbol constellation and updates the equalizer by using this error. The proposed method, by selectively using the symbol constellation effective for improvement of symbol estimation accuracy and that of effective for improvement of error performance, showed that it is possible to improve the error performance at the same time to open the eye diagram of equalizer output quickly. As a criterion applying the symbol constellation, we used the dispersion of symbol points of equalizer output. In addition, to increase the accuracy of updating an equalizer the error was controlled by using current and previous dispersions. By simulation, under multipath channel with additive noise, we verified the equalization performance of the proposed method for 64-QAM.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4B
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• pp.245-256
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• 2003

2-D OCDMA is considered to be a viable technical solution for optical LANs, and a considerable amount of research effort has been devoted to various 2-D OCDMA techniques. In this paper, we propose two new interference model for 2-D OCDMA LANs employing unipolar random codes, and derive maximum-likelihood detectors based on these interference models. The BER performance of the maximum likelihood detectors and that of other existing detectors are compared through extensive computer simulation. In addition, the complexity of high-speed implementation of the detectors is assessed, and as a result, we found that the AND detector and the maximum-likelihood detectors for the pulse-binomial and the pulse-Poisson model offer the best trade-off between the BER performance and the facility of high-speed implementation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4B
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• pp.270-281
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• 2003

E-PON supports efficiently the increased Internet data traffic and efficient bandwidth assignment function by which the shared upstream bandwidth in the broadband access networks. In this paper, when different types of incoming sources are mapped into QoS-aware source and Best-Effort(BE) source, we propose the Dual-GPS schedulaer in E-PON that has the characteristics to provide delay and delay-constraint application, and maximizes the bandwidth to best-effort service. When transmit upstream data in E-PON, The proposed scheme supports the control capabilities of delay and delay-variation for required QoS flow through the novel bandwidth assignment scheme. Simulation results show our scheme outperforms the conventional bandwidth allocation scheme in controlling the delay and delay-variation of E-PON system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.9B
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• pp.793-805
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• 2003

In OBS (Optical Burst Switching) networks which decouple the burst from its header, the fault of a fiber link can lead to the failure of all the light-path that traverses the fiber. Because each light-path is expected to operate at a rate of a few Gbps by using WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology, any failure may lead to large data loss. Therefore, an efficient recovery scheme must be provided. In this paper, we analyze network utilization and BCP (Burst Control Packet) loss rate according to each link failure by applying the conventional restoration schemes in OBS networks. And through these simulation results, an ASPR scheme is proposed improve the fault management scheme in terms of recovery time and throughput. Finally, We compare the performance of our proposed scheme with that of the conventional one with respect to burst loss rate, resource utilization and throughput by OPNET simulations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.419-424
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• 2015

The Decision-directed (DD) algorithm is known to be not effective to initialize a blind equalizer in the channel conditions when the eye diagram of received signals is completely closed because it can not open the eye diagram enough. In this paper, we propose a new error to replace the error of the conventional DD algorithm. The new DD error is the conventional DD error scaled by the modulus of symbol decision, new DD algorithm using this error is effective to open the closed eye diagram in early stage of equalization unlike the conventional DD. The new DD algorithm appling the new error is showed excellent convergence characteristics as compared to the CMA widely used in blind initialization, particularly, is useful for equalization of signals having multimodulus. The performance of the new DD algorithm is verified through the simulation for the higher-order QAM signals.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.844-848
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• 2012

Encapsulant curing in terms of convection oven leads to thermal induced stress due to nonuniform thermal conductivity in LED package. We have adopted infrared (IR) light for silicone curing in order to release the stress. The light uniformity irradiated on an encapsulant surface is confirmed to be uniform by optical simulation. Shear strength of die paste using IR compared to convection oven is increased 19.2% at the same curing time, which indicates curing time can be shortened. The indentation depth difference between center and edge of silicone encapsulant in terms of convection oven and IR are 14.8% and 3.4%, respectively. Curing by IR also shows 2.3% better radiant flux persistency rate of LED at $85^{\circ}C$ after 1,000 h reliability test compared to convection curing.