• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2013

In this study, we propose a simple and indirect method to determine the optical constants of Mo and ITO thin films in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength region by using X-ray reflectometry (XRR) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Mo and ITO films were deposited on silicon substrates by using an RF magnetron sputtering method. The density and the composition of the deposited films were evaluated from the XRR and RBS analysis, respectively and then the optical constants of the Mo and ITO films were determined by an indirect optical method. The results suggest that the indirect method by using the XRR and RBS analysis will be useful to search for suitable high absorbing EUVL mask material quickly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.309.2-309.2
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.276.1-277
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• 2000

Absorptive bistable laser diode was analyzed by using traveling wave model in conjunction with the finite-difference method. Carrier and photon density distributions were calculated and the output characteristics were obtained. The results for both the steady-state and transient (switching) cases were compared with those of the rate equation approach.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.54-55
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• 2000

매질의 성능이 이상적이라 가정하고, 여러 가지 시스템 파라미터로 2진 홀로그램을 저장하는 경우에 있어서, 얻을 수 있는 면적 저장밀도와 다중화 횟수를 산출하고 비교하였다. 이 논문의 결과들은 새로운 디스크형 3차원 홀로그래픽 메모리[1-3]를 연구하거나 매질을 개발함에 있어서 비교 지표로 사용될 수 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.251-252
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.278-279
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.325-340
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the artificial dental plaque by Streptococcus mutans on 4 different implant surfaces. In this study, the specimens were divided into 4 groups according to implant surface treatment. Uncoated implant group(n=5) which has an uncoated, smooth surfaced implant(Osstem, Korea), SLA implant group(n=5) which has an sandblasted large grit and acid-etched surface implant(Bicon, USA). Oxidized implant group(n=5) which has an oxidized surfaced implant (Osstem, Korea), and RBM implant group(n=5) which has resorbable blasting media(RBM) surfaced implant(Osstem, Korea). Acquired pellicle by human saliva and dental plaque by Streptococcus mutans were made on each implant surface. To analyze the plaque condition on implants surfaces, cell count and optical density were taken as a microbiologic method, and SEM(Scanning Electronic Microscope) findings was also taken for evaluation of surface condition. The following results were obtained. 1. Cell counting results of artificial dental plaque were Uncoated group($658.0{\pm}102.0$), RBM group($878.0{\pm}170.0$), SLA group ($946.0{\pm}42.0$), Oxidized group($992.0{\pm}40.0$), and there was difference between Oxidized group and Uncoated implant group(p<0.05). In case of modified cell counting results by v/w% were RBM group($197.8{\pm}45.2$), Oxidized group($207.04{\pm}8.34$), Uncoated group($261.6{\pm}40.6$), SLA group($315.4{\pm}14.0$), and there was difference between RBM group and SLA group(p<0.05). 2. Optical density results of artificial dental plaque after ultrasonic treatment was that there was difference among groups, and optical density of RBM group was higher than that of Uncoated group(p<0.05). In case of modified optical density results by v/w%, there was difference among groups, and the modified optical density of Uncoated group and SLA group was higher than those of Oxidized group and RBM group(P>0.05). 3. SEM findings of artificial dental plaque on the surfaces of implant as follows; there were artificial dental plaque on the surfaces of all test implants. Streptococcus mutans and by-product were observed at 10,000 times magnified condition on all test implants. Adhesion area of artificial dental plaque was about 1/2 of total surface after 24 hours incubate at $37^{\circ}C$. These results showed that there were differences among implant surfaces on the growth of Streptococcus mutans, and bacteria and by-product were covered about 1/2 area of total implant surfaces at 24 hours incubate at $37^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.95-106
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• 2002

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of various electroacupuncture(EA) stimulation on NADPH-diaphorase and Neuropeptide Y(NPY) in the cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley Rats. We evaluated the changes of NADPH-d-positive neurons using a histochemical method and the changes of NPY-positive neurons using a double labeling immunohistochemical method. The staining intensities of NADPH-d-positive neuron and NPY-positive neurons were assessed in a quantitative fashion using a microdensitometrical method based on optical density by means of an image analyzer. As to frequency, the optical density of NADPH-d-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time EA group was significantly higher than that of 100Hz-1 time EA group in M1, Cg, and that of 100Hz-3 times EA group was significantly higher than that of 2Hz-3 times EA group in Vi, Au, Cg and Ins. As to treatment-time, the optical density of NADPH-d-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time EA group was higher than 2Hz-3 times EA group in Vi, Au, Cg and Ins. And in Vi 100Hz-1 time EA group and in M1 100Hz-3 times EA group was more efficient. As to frequency, the optical density of NPY-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time was significantly higher in Vi, and that of 100Hz-1 EA group was higher in M1. And that of 2Hz-3 times EA group was higher than 100Hz-3 times EA group in Cg. As to treatment-time, the optical density of NPY-positive neurons of 2Hz-1 time EA group was significantly higer than 2Hz-3 times EA in S1, Vi, Au. And that of 100Hz-1 time EA group was significantly higher than that of 100Hz-3 time EA in Cg. The present results demonstrated that EA changes the activity in NO and NPY system in the cerebral cortex of SHR and EA stimulation, like frequency and treatment-time, is of importance for this effect.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.393-398
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• 2019

This study aimed to suggest the optimum number of rinsing by researching changes in optical density and pH in accordance with the number of rinsing after toothbrushing, and then verifying the amount of residual toothpaste in mouth. Total 14 university students who had healthy body with no difficulties in daily life were selected from the students of K university in Daegu as the research subjects. The research subjects rinsed their mouths with 40ml of water from zero time to 12 times after toothbrushing. After collecting each rinsing water, the optical density and pH were measured. In the results of measuring the optical density value of each rinsing water, the rinsing water of six-seven times or more after toothbrushing showed the constant value of optical density, which was statistically significant(p<0.05). There were no differences in accordance with the amount of toothpaste such as 1g, 1.5g, and 2g. Based on such results of this study, it would be necessary to provide the education of the use of dentifrice, and also to have diverse researches on the effects of residual dentifrice in mouth on the oral cavity.