• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 The Korea-Japan Plastics Processing Joint Seminar
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• pp.41-47
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• 2003

This study is an attempt to understand the birefringence and stress development in an injection molded disk. A computer code was developed to simulate all three stages of the injection molding process - filling, packing and cooling by finite element method. The constitutive equation used here was compressible Leonov model. The PVT relationship was assumed to follow the Tait equation. The flow-induced birefringence was related to the calculated flow stresses through the linear stress-optical law. The predicted birefringence was in good agreement with the experimental results.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2003

This study is an attempt to understand the birefringence and stress development in an injection molded disk. A computer code was developed to simulate all three stages of the injection molding process filling, packing and cooling by finite element method. The constitutive equation used here was compressible Leonov model. The PVT relationship was assumed to follow the Tait equation. The flow-induced birefringence was related to the calculated flow stresses through the linear stress-optical law. The predicted birefringence was in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2007

In this paper, we analyzed the molecular behavior of IPS-LCDs and VA-LCDs by using numerical simulation. The numerical simulation was performed on the basis of Ericksen-Leslie continuum theory. To improve the accuracy of the calculation, we considered fluid balance equation and director balance equation at the same time. thus, we calculated the flow effect for both switching on and off states. As the results of simulation, we confirmed abnormal twist in IPS-LCDs and fast molecular behavior in VA-LCDs which could influence response time.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2006

In this paper, We coupled fluid balance and director balance equation from Ericksen-Leslie's continuum theory and observed the motion of Liquid Crystal molecular. We simulated flow velocity and director distribution in which flow effect is considered in switching on and switching off state. We interpreted the dynamic response characteristic caused by the flow. As the result of the simulation, We could see the flow effect. In the case of Twisted Nematic(TN) cell, this flow caused abnormal twist temporarily in switching off state. We could prove that this abnormal twist is a direct cause of optical bounce phenomenon known well until now with the result of simulation. In addition, We analyzed the mechanism of the fast response due to flow in the case of Optically Compensated Bend(OCB) cell.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.1341-1347
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• 2007

기존의 광류 (Optical flow)는 국소적 처리를 시작점으로 하는 bottom-up수법에 의해서 구하였다. 이에 반해, 본 논문은 영상유체보존식과 함수 전개법에 의해 영상 전체의 움직임을 차수가 낮은 모드로 부터 순차적으로 전개하는 bottom-down수법을 새로운 수법으로 제안한다. 의료 영상에 있어서 명도는 움직임이 있어도 불변으로 유지하려는 경우가 많다. 그러나 이 같은 영상계열에서의 움직임은 좌표 변환에 의해서 대응된다. 본 수법의 경우 광류는 선형모멘트방정식의 함수에 관한 도함수를 이용하는 투영법에 의해서 반복계산으로 구하여 진다. 본 논문에서는 심장의 영상계열을 이용하여 기존의 Horn and Schunck기법, Standard multigrid기법과 본 수법의 알고리즘을 비교 평가하여 유효성을 나타낸다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2010

A computer code was developed to simulate all three stages of the injection molding process: filling, packing and cooling by finite element method. The constitutive equation used here was compressible Leonov model. The PVT relationship was assumed to follow the Tait equation. The flow-induced birefringence was related to the calculated flow stresses through the linear stress-optical law. Based on the simulation, the Taguchi method was used to investigate the influences of injection molding conditions on the birefringence of a center gate disk. In addition, the optimal processing conditions were selected to minimize the birefringence and the birefringence difference along the positions of the disk.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.305-309
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• 2005

A computer code was developed to simulate all three stages of the injection molding process ? filling, packing and cooling by finite element method. The constitutive equation used here was compressible Leonov model. The PVT relationship was assumed to follow the Tait equation. The flow-induced birefringence was related to the calculated flow stresses through the linear stress-optical law. Based on the simulation, the Taguchi method was used to investigate the influences of injection molding conditions on the birefringence of a center gate disk. In addition, the optimal processing conditions were selected to minimize the birefringence and the birefringence difference along the positions of the disk.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.2995-3002
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• 1995

The cooling problem of the hot internal pipe flow has been investigated. Simultaneous conduction, convection, and radiation were considered with azimuthally varying convective heat loss at the pipe wall. A complex, nonlinear integro-differential radiative transfer equation was solved by the discrete ordinates method (or called S$_{N}$ method). The energy equation was solved by control volume based finite difference technique. A parametric study was performed by varying the conduction-to-radiation parameter, optical thickness, and scattering albedo. The results have shown that initially the radiatively active medium could be more efficiently cooled down compared with the cases otherwise. But even for the case with dominant radiation, as the medium temperature was lowered, the contribution of conduction became to exceed that of radiation.n.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2023

APS (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer) and OPC (Optical Particle Counter) have been widely used to real-time measurement of indoor and outdoor aerosols. The APS measures the size distribution based on an aerodynamic diameter, while the OPC uses optical diameter to measure the size distribution of aerosols. Since obtaining a size distribution based on aerodynamic diameter is important to understand aerosol characteristics, lots of researcher had been developed experimental equations which can convert optical diameter into aerodynamic diameter. However, previous studies have conducted repeated experiments on particles having a single diameter. In this study, an experimental method of converting optical diameter into aerodynamic diameter through a single experiment was presented. The collection efficiencies of an axial cyclone were measured using APS and OPC at the same time, and the correlation equation between aerodynamic diameter and optical diameter was driven through a theoretical model. Using the proposed method, the size distribution of NaCl particles measured by OPC showed a high correlation with the size distribution obtained by APS (0.93 of R-squared value). In the tests conducted on ISO A1, A2, and A4 test particles, the converted OPC size distribution tended to be similar to the APS size distribution, and for each of test particles (ISO A1, A2, and A4), the R-squared values for the APS particle size distribution were 0.75, 0.86, and 0.89, respectively.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2007

This study is attempted to correct an error of electronic blood pressure meter with an optical sensor. In general, for a hospitalized patient, ECG, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and respiration are basically measured to monitor the patient's condition. Opening of a blood vessel after it is occluded by pressurizing the cuff influences the blood flow of peripheral blood vessels as well as oscillation changes in the cuff. Blood vessels are occluded and peripheral blood flow disappears at cuff pressure above the examinee's blood pressure, while blood vessels are opened and peripheral blood flow appears again at cuff pressure under the examinee's blood pressure. Then Disappear-Appear Point Length(DAPL) of peripheral blood flow can be judged with the signal of peripheral blood flow, thus is available as a factor of error correction for electronic blood pressure meter. Also, systolic or diastolic blood pressure can be corrected with Appear-Point-Pressure(APP) of cuff pressure at a point where blood flow occurs and Appear-Maximum Pressure(AMP) of cuff pressure at the maximum amplitude point of peripheral blood flow after peripheral blood flow appears again. For verification, 27 examinees were selected, and their blood value was obtained through experimental procedure of 4 stages including induction of blood pressure change. The examinees were divided into two groups of experimental group and control group, regression analysis was conducted for experimental group, and correction of a blood pressure error was verified with optical signal by applying the regression equation calculated in experimental group to control group. As an experimental result, mean of the whole measurement errors was 5mmHg or more, which did not meet the standard fur blood pressure meter. As a result of correcting blood pressure measurements with data of DAPL, APP, and AMP as drawn out of PPG signal, systolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were $-0.6{\pm}4.4mmHg,\;-1.0{\pm}3.9mmHg$ and $-1.3{\pm}5.4mmHg$, respectively, indicating that mean of the whole measurement errors was greatly improved, and standard deviation was decreased.