• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.66-72
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• 1999

Mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes associated with extensive foaming in the aeration basin of the activated sludge process were isolated and analyzed by phenotypical, chemotaxonomical and phylogenetic methods. Whole cell sugar patterns of two isolates were pattern A. The nearly complete sequences of the 16S rRNA genes (rDNAs) of the isolates were determined and compared by using several tree-making algorithms. With polyphasic methods, strain SCNU1 was identified as Gordona sputi, and strain SCNU5 assigned to the genus Tsukamurella. The presence of opportunistic pathogens of chronic lung infections within foams can cause public health problems and render waste-treatment processes inefficient.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.89-92
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• 2007

Burkholderia cepacia is a Gram-negative aerobic bacillus known to cause opportunistic infections in the immune-compromised hosts. This microorganism is strongly virulent and causes a necrotising invasive infection that may lead to death. As B. cepacia is highly resistant to various antimicrobials, combination antimicrobial therapy must be used instead of monotherapy. We report a successful treatment of lung abscess that was naturally caused by B. cepacia in a healthy child, through combination antimicrobial therapy of meropenem and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and operative management.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.144-148
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• 2013

Candida spp. are yeast form fungi, which cause an opportunistic infections in a immune suppressed patients however it is a normal flora of the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal system, and the urogenital system of healthy person. It is investigated that the distribution of Candida spp. cause an oral disease from oral cavity of healthy people and also identified Candia dubliniensis. Distribution and identification of the yeast form fungi in oral cavities of healthy people was investigated by an automatic identifier, VITEK2 system. We found 21 strains of Candida albicans, 3 strains of Candida famata, one strain of Candida tropicalis, Candida haemulonii, Candida krusei, and Candida dubliniensis. In addition, one strain of Cryptococcus spp., Saccharomyces spp., and two unknown strains were isolated. Candida dubliniensis which forms a mass by more than 2 chlamydospores was isolated from a healthy person for the first time. Candida dubliniensis was not grown at $42^{\circ}C$ whereas Candida albicans was grown well. It is known that Candida dubliniencis was isolated in AIDS while it is found in healthy people from this study, which will be helpful to investigate the distribution of Candida spp.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2011

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, Gram-negative, glucose-nonfermenting bacterium, which has emerged as a serious opportunistic pathogen. Recently, outbreaks of carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa give rise to significant therapeutic challenges for treating nosocomial infections. The genes of metallo-${\beta}$-lactamase (MBL), a powerful carbapenemase, are carried as a part of the mobile gene cassettes inserted into integrons playing an important role in rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among bacterial isolates. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of integron in imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. A total of 61 consecutive, non-duplicate, and imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from a university hospital in the Chungcheong province of Korea. We employed repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) method for the selection of clonally different P. aerusinosa strains. PCR and DNA sequencing were conducted for the detection of integrons. Twenty-one clonally different P. aeruginosa strains were isolated. Only one (P28) of the strains harbored $bla_{VIM-2}$ that was found as gene cassettes in class 1 integrons. Four of 21 carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains harbored class 1 integron containing aminoglycoside resistance determinant. All of the integrons detected in the study contained more than one resistance gene cassette, which can mediate resistance to multiple antibiotics. To prevent further spreading of the multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa, conseguent monitoring and clinical polices are required.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.257-257
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• 2006

We chose three synthetic polymers, poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVFHFP), and $Nafion^{(R)}$ that reveal different chemical and physical characteristics, and investigate their biocompatibilities to five different bacteria (that are most notorious for opportunistic and iatrogenic infections) and a human cell (HEp-2). The bacteria chosen in this study found to adhere onto the PPC and Nafion films but not to adhere on the PVFHFP film. On the other hand, both PVFHFP and Nafion films revealed good compatibility to HEp-2 and allowed the growth of the HEp-2 on the film surface but PPC showed poor compatibility to HEp-2. All results will be discussed with taking into account the surface characteristics of the polymers.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.309-313
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• 2008

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a serious opportunistic infection in an immunocompromised host such as an AIDS patient or transplant recipient undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a relatively uncommon condition and it occurs most often in patients with systemic autoimmune disease. However, various types of infectious pneumonia with Mycoplsma hominis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pneumocystis jirovecii have been reported to be associated with the development of DAH. The association of CMV infection with the development of DAH has rarely been reported. We experienced a case of DAH associated CMV pneumonia and the patient was successfully treated with the use of antiviral agents and steroids.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.40-50
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• 2002

Fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster has developed efficient immune mechanisms to prevent microbial infection, which are consisted of cellular and humoral responses. During the systemic or local infection, two distinct pathways (Toll and Imd) play major roles in antimicrobial peptide synthesis. The Toll pathway is required to defend Gram-positive bacterial and fungal infections, whereas the Imd pathway is important in Gram-negative bacterial infection. We have shown that the infection of the opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14 (PA14) into fly dorsal thorax can kill the flies within 48 h ($100\%$ mortality) in our optimized infection condition, suggesting that the PA14 strain can cause disease progress in fly model system. We found that flies carrying a constitutively activated mutant form of the Toll receptor $(Tl^{10b})$ showed increased resistance to P. aeruginosa infection and that flies carrying mutations in the Toll signaling pathway as well as in the Imd signaling pathway was more susceptible to PA14 infection. All these results imply that the Toll pathway might be important in the resistance to this pathogenic Gram-negative bacterial infection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.1 s.258
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• pp.85-89
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• 2006

Good's syndrome (thymoma with immunodeficiency) is a rare cause of combined B and T cell immunodeficiency in adults. The clinical characteristics are increased susceptibility to bacterial infection and opportunistic viral and fungal infections. The most consistent immunological abnormalities are hypogammaglobulinemia and reduced or absent B cells. This syndrome should be treated by resecting the thymoma and replacing the immunoglobulin to maintain adequate IgG values. The author experienced one case of Good's Syndrome. The patient was a 64-year-old female who had a history of frequent sinopulmonary infection. Chest CT showed Pneumonia and anterior mediastinal mass and PCNB was taken and biopsy result was thymoma. She received thymectomy and replacement of immunoglobulin to control hypogammaglobulinemia.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2016

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an important opportunistic pathogen of dog and cats. Since 2006 there has been a significant emergence of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) mainly due to clonal spread. The aim of this study was to investigated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and presence of mecA and femA gene in 91 S. pseudintermedius isolates isolated from dogs and cats associated with various clinic infections. Methicillin resistance was confirmed by oxacillin disc diffusion method. MRSP isolate was detected 19 isolates (20.9%). MRSP and methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MSSP) isolates were highly resistant to penicillin, kanamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and choloramphenicol (100~47.3% and 90.3~33.3%, respectively). About 90% of MRSP isolates were multi-drug resistance (resistance to at least five or more antimicrobials), and MSSP isolates was ca 74%. Among the 91 isolates, mecA gene was detected in 25 isolates (27.5%, 19 in MRSP isolates and 6 in MSSP isolates), but none carried the femA gene. Our results indicated MRSA isolates show a strong resistance to antimicrobials commonly used in veterinary medicine. A continuous surveillance and monitoring should be called for to prevent the contamination and spread of MRSP in dogs and cats.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.3 s.138
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• pp.189-193
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• 2004

In order to find some lead compounds for the treatment of opportunistic infections of malaria and pathogenic microbes, an undescribed Indonesian sponge Agelas sp. collected at Manado, Indonesian Waters, was suggested containing active compounds. Crude ethanolic extract of the sponge exhibited significant in vitro antimalarial and antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (D6 colne) with $IC_{5O}$ values of $8\;{\mu}/ml$ and against pathogenic microbes such as Candida albicans $(150\;{\mu}/ml)$, Cryptococcus neoformans $(<20\;{\mu}/ml)$, Staphylococcus aureus $25\;{\mu}/ml$, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus $(<20\;{\mu}/ml)$, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa $(<20\;{\mu}/ml)$. Active compound (5.0 mg) was isolated from the ethanolic extracts of the sponge and purified by using silica gel and ODS column, successively. Active compound was elucidated as dibromosceptrin $(C_{22}H_{24}Br_2N_{10}O_2)$ by detailed analysis of FTESI-MS and comparison of $^1H,\;^{13}C$, DEPT and HMQC NMR spectral data with those reported.