• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.361-370
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study was done to identify nursing interventions performed by operating room nurses using the Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS). Method: The data were collected from 88 operating room nurses, from August 1 to October 25, 2002 using the PNDS developed by the Association of Operating Room Nurses and translated into Korean. Nurses working in 2 university hospitals in Gwang-ju and 2 general hospitals in Seoul. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Result: There were 15 of 127 nursing interventions which the operating room nurses indicated were important and which they performed at least once a day. Conclusion: The operating room nurses consider interventions to prevent physical injury and patient centered care to be very important, but the performance rate for patient centered care was low. It shows that there is a need in education courses for patient centered care to be more strongly emphasized.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.373-380
• /
• 1997

In order to implement the real-time operating systems for robot controller, this paper proposes a systematic method for implementing the real-time kernel under the DOS environment. So far, we designed the robot control software and its own operating system simultaneously. Though robot operating systems have simple structure, it allows the developer to have a surplus time and effort to implement complete robot systems. In addition to this, in most cases of this type, operating systems does not support multitasking function, thus, low level hardware interrupts are used for real-time execution. Subsequently, some kinds of real-time tasks are hard to implement under this environment. Nowadays, the operating systems for robot controller requires multitasking functions, intertask communication and task synchronization mechanism, and rigorous real-time responsiveness. Thus, we propose an effective and low costs real-time systems for robot controller satisfying the various real-time characteristics. The proposed real-time systems are verified through real implementation.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제14권11호
• /
• pp.981-988
• /
• 2002

Generally, the term "energy saving is economical" is appropriate for the national view point and for design and assessment of one system, but not appropriate when choosing the system by comparing alternative systems in the early design step. Sometimes, non-energy saving system is more economical than energy saving system because of the price of electricity, gas or oil, which are used for operating the air conditioning system. Therefore, when designing the system, we should consider the efficient alternatives through economic assessment of energy saving method. However, research on non-operating number control of the system is not sufficient because it is more common to use operating number control of the system for most economic assessment of air conditioning system. For this reason, this research can provide the economics through operating number control as basic design data. The data obtained through assesment of Life Cycle Cost based on amount of yearly energy use, were produced by system simulation of HASP/ACLD/8501 and HASP/ACSS/8502 for six alternative heating/cooling systems based on constant air volume conditioning system, which is widely used for medium and large office buildings in Busan.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.2051-2057
• /
• 2008

This paper is a feasibility study on the calculation of operating cost in regards to the overall operation following the completion of a number of LRT lines currently in progress. Owing to the absence of operating experience in driveless LRT system at home, the difficulties lie in the assumption of the optimal operating budget applying domestic real situation. Nevertheless, with 34 years of accumulated operating experience in heavy rail transit system, Seoul Metro, the nation's biggest urban rail transit operator, performs O&M consultancy services for several on-going projects along with every effort to acquire know-how where the appropriateness of the cost estimation as a required deliverable is reviewed and a more efficient way is provided. The main focus of this study is to seek a method to calculate the optimal amount of operating expenses as well as a cost-effective alternative for possible weaknesses from the standpoint of the operator. The body of this paper discusses the five issues such as personnel cost, overhead, maintenance cost, additional purchase price, alternative investment fee from a more macroscopic point of view, and the conclusion deals with the adequacy of the reason for selection of institutions with various operating know-how.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.281-289
• /
• 1990

A frequency-domain, system-identification method using a binary multifrequency signal was developed to find the transfer function between smoke intensity and throttle position in a diesel engine. This paper describes the simulation study performed to test the identification method developed. With an assumption of a diesel operation in a limited region about the normal operating state, the linear theory was adopted. Because that air fuel ratio is one of the most important operating variables causing smoke production in diesel combustion, single-input and single-output model was adopted.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
• /
• pp.597-602
• /
• 1987

This paper proposes a voltage-fed high frequency resonant inverter having variable voltage variable frequency(VVVF) control function. VVVF control is performed by PWM-TRC method in the boost type chopper and PFM-TRC method in the high frequency resonant inverter. This circuit is suitable for induction heating and melting power supply in industry. The operating characteristics of this inverter are discussed from a theoretical point of view. The results of operating characteristic analyses are given leading to complete designing data.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1999

This paper presents a method for reliability analysis of the air-conditioner with service data. We explain how to acquire and analyze the service data and some problems in data analysis. We propose two procedures to analyze reliability of air-conditioner using operating time concept and predict the operating times by temperature and failure frequency. Finally, the prediction method for future service is studied by numerical example.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제60권5호
• /
• pp.1017-1022
• /
• 2011

This paper describes the improvement of the calculation by using $6{\sigma}$ method on steam turbine simulator in a nuclear power plant. The simulator is essential to not only verification and validation of control logic but also making sure of control constants in upgrading the long time used control system into the new one. And the dynamic model is a key point in that simulator. The model used during the retrofit period of the turbine controller in Kori Nuclear Power Plant makes difference in calculating generator output and control valve positions. That is because such operating data as the main steam pressure, the main steam temperature and control valve positions of Yongkwang #3 are different from those of Kori #4. Therefore, the model parameters must be tuned by using actual operating data for the high fidelity of simulator in calculating the dynamic characteristic of the model. This paper describes that the $6{\sigma}$ method is used in improvement of precision of generator output calculation in the steam turbine model of the simulator.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권9호
• /
• pp.5893-5898
• /
• 2014

본 논문은 연료비를 최소화 할 수 있는 2차전지 전력저장장치(BESS: Battery Energy Storage System)와 풍력-디젤 복합발전시스템으로 구성되는 독립형 마이크로그리드을 모델링하는 방법과 그 운전제어 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 먼저, 부하변동 및 풍속변동에 따른 주파수와 전압을 일정하게 제어할 수 있는 양방향 DC/AC 컨버터의 BESS를 모델링하고, 디젤발전기는 공급전력의 부족 및 BESS의 충전시에만 가동하도록 하는 운전제어알고리즘을 제안한다. 그리고, 제안된 모델링 방법과 운전제어알고리즘을 독립형 마이크로그리드에 적용한 결과, 풍속 및 부하변화에 대하여 주파수와 전압변동이 적정범위내로 유지할 수 있음을 증명할 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.2084-2100
• /
• 2020

Operating system (OS) kernel function call graphs have been widely used in OS analysis and defense. However, most existing methods and tools for generating function call graphs are designed for application programs, and cannot be used for generating OS kernel function call graphs. This paper proposes a virtualization-based call graph generation method called Acquire in Trap (AIT). When target kernel functions are called, AIT dynamically initiates a system trap with the help of a virtualization technique. It then analyzes and records the calling relationships for trap handling by traversing the kernel stacks and the code space. Our experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible for both Linux and Windows OSs, including 32 and 64-bit versions, with high recall and precision rates. AIT is independent of the source code, compiler and OS kernel architecture, and is a universal method for generating OS kernel function call graphs.