• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.325-333
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• 1995

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced into Korea in 1990 and has been rapidly replacing open cholecystectomy when the indications were met. In this study a medical utilization and technology was assessed on the selected hospitalized patients with cholelithiasis who underwent open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy from April 1, 1991 to March 31, 1994. The results are as follows. Despite the low reimbursement rate by the health insurance, the number of laparoscopic cases have been steadily increased. The post-operative days before health insurance coverage were significantly shortened from 8.4 days to 4.6 days. The preoperative days before health insurance coverage were significantly shorted from 8.4 days to 4.0 days. The total length-of-stays in the hospital were also significantly shortened from 15.2 days to 10.7 and 9.8 days in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed low expenses in all aspects expect the average hospital charges per day. For the hospital to have cost containment, it is more effective if length-of-stay is shorter because of high daily inpatient hospital charge. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy also showed shortened anesthesia time and operation time compared with open cholecystectomy that were statistically significant. The mean anesthesia and operation time for open cholecystectomy were 113.2 and 90.2 minutes but those of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were 105.7 and 68.6 minutes. According to this study the laparoscopic cholecystectomy has reduced the medical expenditure and we recommend this procedure over open cholecystectomy. The further discussion on the different morbidity rate between two types of procedure is essential in providing quality medical care, and to educate specialist.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.78-84
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• 1984

CMOS 논리회로에서 부가회로없이 time skew와 무관하게 stuck-open(이하 s-op) 고장을 검출할 수 있는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 즉, CMOS회로 구성요소로서 Domino CMOS 이 회로를 채택하여 회로의 클럭킹 게이트를 하나의 branch로 간주 모델화하고, transition test를 이용하여 테스트 시이퀸스를 구한다. 또한 이 알고리즘을 VAXII/780상에서 임의의 CMOS회로에 적용시켜 보므로써, 종래의 방법에서 time skew로 인하여 검출될 수 없었던 모든 s-op 고장이 검출됨을 보였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

This paper presents the features of an impact angle constrained open-loop optimal trajectory which is given by a function of initial conditions and optimal guidance gains. Using missile motion described by linearized kinematic equations and a proper form of performance index, an inverse optimal problem is suggested to investigate the gains related to the performance index. The flight trajectory and time-to-go can be shaped in terms of the optimal guidance gains. The results are evaluated by 3-DOF simulation.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2017

The retractable roof structure is used in various fields and it is classified for steel retractable system and soft retractable system. For the domestic industry, it is in the initial phase now and the demand of the retractable roof structure is expected to increase in the future. Therefore, this paper is classified for steel retractable system and soft retractable system from the retractable roof structures in overseas to survey and analyze the cases of wind velocity on retractable roof structure in Japan that uses the same wind velocity criteria like Korea regarding the open-close time and average open-close time for retractable roof area.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Previously, parallel computing was mainly used in areas requiring high computing performance, but nowadays, multicore CPUs and GPUs have become widespread, and parallel programming advantages can be obtained even in a PC environment. Various parallel programming frameworks using multicore CPUs such as OpenMP and PPL have been announced. Nvidia and AMD have developed parallel programming platforms and APIs for program developers to take advantage of multicore GPUs on their graphics cards. In this paper, we develop digital image transformation programs that runs on each of the major parallel programming frameworks, and measure the execution time. We analyze the characteristics of each framework through the execution time comparison. Also a constant K indicating the ratio of program execution time between different parallel computing environments is presented. Using this, it is possible to predict rough execution time without implementing a parallel program.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2017

최근 2/3차원 공간정보, 항공/위성영상, 실내공간정보 등의 다양한 공간정보 활용방법에 있어서 사용자가 보유한 실시간 동적정보와 공간정보를 융합하는 매쉬업 활용이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 특히, O2O, LBS, Smart City, 자율주행 등의 분야에서 공간정보와 대용량 동적정보의 매쉬업 수요가 급증함에 따라, 최근 맵 플랫폼이 제공하는 매쉬업 성능에 대한 관심도 크게 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현재 국내에서 활용 가능한 다양한 맵 플랫폼들의 Open API 기반 대용량 동적정보의 매쉬업 성능을 비교 및 분석해보고자 한다. 구체적으로 Google Maps, OpenStreetMap, Daum Map, Naver Map, olleh Map, VWorld에 대하여 Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer의 브라우저를 이용하여 매쉬업 성능을 비교 및 분석하였다. 성능분석 과정에서 맵 플랫폼의 서버 성능을 분석하기 위하여 배경지도 초기화 시간을 측정하였으며, Open API 기반 매쉬업 성능을 분석하기 위하여 배경지도와 동적정보의 매쉬업 시간을 측정하였다. 성능분석 결과, Google Maps, OpenStreetMap, VWorld, olleh Map이 비교적 우수한 성능을 보여주었으며, Chrome과 Firefox가 IE에 비하여 좋은 성능을 제공함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.559-571
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• 2008

Platform Screen Door(PSD) has been installed and operated at seoul subway line $1\sim4$ in the manual train operation mode(ATS/ATC) by SeoulMetro since 2005. SeoulMetro uses the wireless (RF) communication system and the train door detection system for the link between the train and PSD doors opening/closing motion in the manual train operation mode. For the convenience and safety of passengers, the train doors and the PSD doors opening/closing shall be synchronized as much as possible. In ATO(Automatic Train Operation) mode which provides the interface between train control system and PSD system, ATO signaling system makes the train doors and PSD doors open/close command signals systematically, so PSD doors can be opened/closed almost simultaneously with the train doors. But, in the manual train control(ATS/ATC) mode, PSD system needs to detect the train doors open/close operation and make PSD open/close command signals to actuate PSD doors. These PSD open/close commanding process cause time delay of PSD doors opening/closing motion in response to the train doors opening/closing motion. Sometimes the response delay time can be over 1 second, which is not proper to operate PSD, and need to be reduced This paper presents the reduction method of the PSD response delay time to improve the convenience and safety of passengers.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.229-250
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• 2010

오픈액세스 정책은 각 기관의 오픈액세스 프로젝트의 성공적 수행을 위해 매우 중요하다. 본 논문은 대학의 오픈액세스 정책수립시 규정되어야 할 요소들을 제안하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 국내 세 개 대학의 기관리포지토리 운영 정책과 ROARMAP에 등록된 대학의 오픈액세스 정책문서를 분석한 뒤 대학의 오픈액세스 정책 수립시 규정되어야 할 요소들을 제안하였다. 제안된 요소영역은 크게 제출자료영역, 제출시기, 제출자, 저작권, 요구수준, 예외, 이용, 오픈액세스 방법, 지원 등 9개영역이며 이들 각 영역에 대한 세부사항들 30개를 제안하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 1999

In mid 1980s, open education arrived in Korea. It was influenced by the educational reforms implemented in American primary schools. Currently, the Ministry of Education is appealing to teachers for their active involvement in educational reform by using open education methodology. Often teachers in Korea complain that they do not know what to do or how to change in order to practice the open education. It is time to review the state of open education in Korea and the United States. This paper contains the following segments: 0) Introduction, 1) Beginning of open education, 2) A brief history of open education in Korea, 3) The current status of open education in the United States, 4) A glance at open mathematics classroom in Korea, 5) Lessons from the review, and 6) Conclusion.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.486-490
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• 1999

타일을 부착시키는 tile 전용 cement mortar가 갖추어야 하는 물성인 우수한 보수성, 작업성, open time, 처짐저항성과 타임접착강도 등을 향상시키기 위해 본 연구에서는 mortar에 첨가하는 혼화제들의 홉합비율을 달리하였을 때 나타나는 특성을 비교 분석하였다. Mortar의 보수성 효과를 주는 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose에 소량의 합성 starch을 첨가해 줌으로써 mortar는 보수성을 유지하면서 겉마름이 적게되었고, open time이 길어져 작업성이 향상되었다. 타일의 접착강도를 높이기 위해 polyacrylamide와 ethylenevinyl acetate을 첨가하여 mortar 자체 및 타일의 처짐을 줄였고, 바탕면과 타일과의 mortar 접착력을 증대시켰다. 이와 함께 melment의 첨가로 mortar에 유동성을 주어 작업성을 향상시켰다. 이들 첨가제의 필요량은 cement량에 대해 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose는 0.80~1.20%, starch 0.10~0.15%, polyacrylamide 0.001~0.015%, ethylenevinyl acetate 0.05~0.10% 및 melment 0.003~0.005%의 혼합비율일 때 tile cement mortar의 물성이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.