• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.173-191
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• 2024

Landslides pose significant threats to many countries globally, yet the development and implementation of effective landslide early warning systems (LEWS) remain challenging due to multifaceted complexities spanning scientific, technological, and political domains. Addressing these challenges demands a holistic approach. Technologically, integrating thresholds, such as rainfall thresholds, with real-time data within accessible, open-source software stands as a promising solution for LEWS. This article introduces LandScient_EWS, a PHP-based program tailored to address this need. The software facilitates the comparison of real-time measured data, such as rainfall, with predefined landslide thresholds, enabling precise calculations and graphical representation of real-time landslide advisory levels across diverse spatial scales, including regional, basin, and hillslope levels. To illustrate its efficacy, the program was applied to a case study in Medellin, Colombia, where a rainfall event on August 26, 2008, triggered a shallow landslide. Through pre-defined rainfall intensity and duration thresholds, the software simulated advisory levels during the recorded rainfall event, utilizing data from a rain gauge positioned within a small watershed and a single grid cell (representing a hillslope) within that watershed. By identifying critical conditions that may lead to landslides in real-time scenarios, LandScient_EWS offers a new paradigm for assessing and responding to landslide hazards, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of LEWS. The findings underscore the software's potential to streamline the integration of rainfall thresholds into both existing and future landslide early warning systems.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.342-345
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• 2020

Some types of spinal dysraphism can be accompanied by extraspinal cysts, including myelomeningocele, myelocystocele, myelocele, meningocele, limited dorsal myeloschisis, lipomyelomeningocele, and terminal myelocystocele. Each disease is classified according to the developmental mechanism, embryologic process, site of occurrence, or internal structure of the extraspinal cyst. In most cystic spinal dysraphisms except meningocele, part of the spinal cord is attached to the cyst dome. Most open spinal dysraphisms pose a risk of infection and require urgent surgical intervention, but when the cyst is accompanied by closed spinal dysraphism, the timing of surgery may vary. However, if the extraspinal cyst grows, it aggravates tethering by pulling the tip of the cord, which is attached to the dome of the cyst. This causes neurological deficits, so urgent surgery is required to release the tethered cord.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.114-124
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• 2019

The Internet was designed for machines, not humans, and hence, nobody owns a digital identity. Instead, a digital identity is rented from a website and an application. This lack of unique and secure digital identities has resulted in confusion in the online/cyber world. Digital identities pose one of the oldest and most difficult problems with regard to the Internet. There is still no way to use digital credentials to prove, own, and control an online identity, namely a self-sovereign identity, in the same manner we do in the offline world, particularly without a trusted third party. This article discusses the current open standards for digital identities, proposes solutions pertaining to digital identities in the future, and introduces the concept of a blockchain-based self-sovereign digital identity without the need of trusted third parties.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.359-364
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• 2022

This study presents a nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC)-based obstacle avoidance and whole-body motion planning method for the mobile manipulators. For the whole-body motion control, the mobile manipulator with an omnidirectional mobile base was modeled as a nine degrees-of-freedom (DoFs) serial open chain with the PPR (base) plus 6R (arm) joints, and a swept sphere volume (SSV) was applied to define a convex hull for collision avoidance. The proposed receding horizon control scheme can generate a trajectory to track the end-effector pose while avoiding the self-collision and obstacle in the task space. The proposed method could be calculated using an interior-point (IP) method solver with 100[ms] sampling time and ten samples of horizon size, and the validation of the method was conducted in the environment of Pybullet simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.517-520
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 동작 비디오를 분석하고 이를 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션으로 생성하는 방법을 제시한다. 비디오에서의 사람의 동작 인식에서는 OpenPose를 사용하여 사람의 몸 keypoints를 추적해 2차원 위치 좌표로 얻는다. 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션으로 생성하기 위해 Deep-Learning을 사용하여 2차원 위치 좌표를 3차원 위치 좌표로 변경한다. 캐릭터 스켈레톤에 적용하기 위해 3차원 위치 좌표를 회전값으로 변환하고 그 회전값을 캐릭터 스켈레톤 좌표에 맞게 변환한다. 비디오의 사람의 동작과 유사한 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션을 생성하는 방법을 제안하고 적용 결과를 제시한다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.166-171
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• 2023

With significant advancements in the field of artificial intelligence, many novel algorithms and technologies have emerged. Currently, AI painting can generate high-quality images based on textual descriptions. However, it is often challenging to control details when generating images, even with complex textual inputs. Therefore, there is a need to implement additional control mechanisms beyond textual descriptions. Based on ControlNet, this passage describes a combined utilization of various local controls (such as edge maps and depth maps) and global control within a single model. It provides a comprehensive exposition of the fundamental concepts of ControlNet, elucidating its theoretical foundation and relevant technological features. Furthermore, combining methods and applications, understanding the technical characteristics involves analyzing distinct advantages and image differences. This further explores insights into the development of image generation patterns.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2024

Oil spills pose significant threats to marine ecosystems, human health, socioeconomic aspects, and coastal communities. Accurate real-time predictions of oil slick transport along coastlines are paramount for quick preparedness and response efforts. This study used an open-source OpenOil numerical model to simulate the fate and trajectories of oil slicks released during the 2007 Hebei Spirit accident along the Korean coasts. Six combinations of input parameters, derived from a five-day met-ocean dataset incorporating various hydrodynamic, meteorological, and wave models, were investigated to determine the input variables that lead to the most reasonable results. The predictive performance of each combination was evaluated quantitatively by comparing the dimensions and matching rates between the simulated and observed oil slicks extracted from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data on the ocean surface. The results show that the combination incorporating the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) for hydrodynamic parameters exhibited more substantial agreement with the observed spill areas than Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), yielding up to 88% and 53% similarity, respectively, during a more than four-day oil transportation near Taean coasts. This study underscores the importance of integrating high-resolution met-ocean models into oil spill modeling efforts to enhance the predictive accuracy regarding oil spill dynamics and weathering processes.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.189-198
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• 2023

As crimes frequently occur on the street, the spread of CCTV is increasing. However, due to the shortcomings of passively operated CCTV, the need for intelligent CCTV is attracting attention. Due to the heavy system of such intelligent CCTV, high-performance devices are required, which has a problem in that it is expensive to replace the general CCTV. To solve this problem, an intelligent CCTV system that recognizes low-quality images and operates even on devices with low performance is required. Therefore, this paper proposes a Saying CCTV system that can detect threats in real time by using the AWS cloud platform to lighten the system and convert images into text. Based on the data extracted using YOLO v4 and OpenPose, it is implemented to determine the risk object, threat behavior, and threat situation, and calculate the risk using machine learning. Through this, the system can be operated anytime and anywhere as long as the network is connected, and the system can be used even with devices with minimal performance for video shooting and image upload. Furthermore, it is possible to quickly prevent crime by automating meaningful statistics on crime by analyzing the video and using the data stored as text.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.9-18
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• 1995

The use of CAD/CAM systems is growing fast in the shipbuilding industry. To develope a geometric modeler, the existing CAD/CAM systems have been analysed. Because existing systems have closed architectures, it is not easy to investigate the internal structures. However, new trends in the software engineering, open architectured systems, pose some possibility to develope the geometric modeler. Several geometric modelers are analysed to extract component functions and modules. ACIS of the Spatial Technology, AIS of the CAM-I consortium, the STEP part for the geometry and topology, CAD*I of the ESPRIT project, and domestic modelers are investigated. Based on this analysis, a reference model which shows the framework of the modeler is proposed. With the data structure supporting non-manifold topologies, the reference model can be used to encourage a cooperative development program.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.233-238
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• 2019

Background: The open reduction of craniofacial bone fractures requires internal fixation using metal plates and screws, which have been considered the gold standard. However, metal implants pose a risk of palpation, protrusion, and foreign body reaction, and they may require an additional operation for removal. Recently, good results have been reported for absorbable implants which complement the disadvantages of metal implants. This study presents the results of using absorbable mesh, plates, and screws with cyanoacrylate for more accurate and firmer fixation of comminuted fractures of the maxilla. Methods: In total, 235 patients underwent operations for comminuted fractures of the maxilla. From January 2012 to December 2014, absorbable mesh and screws were used in 114 patients, while from January 2015 to December 2017, absorbable mesh, plates, and screws with cyanoacrylate were used in 121 patients. Open reduction of the bone fragments was performed, after which absorbable implants were accurately molded and fixed by screws. Results: All patients underwent postoperative computed tomography scans, which showed highly accurate reduction and firm fixation in the patients who underwent procedures using absorbable implants, screws, and cyanoacrylate. There were no postoperative complications or cases of abnormal facial contour. Conclusion: When absorbable implants and screws are used for maxillary fractures, no additional surgery to remove the metal plate is required. In addition, the use of cyanoacrylate enables accurate and firm fixation of the tiny bone fragments that cannot be fixed with screws.