• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2005

현재 사용되고 있는 Internet상의 트래픽은 어플리케이션의 종류에 따라 다양한 수준의 QoS 요구조건, 즉, Delay, Loss 그리고 Throughput성능에 대한 요구조건을 오청하고 있다. TCP protocol을 사용하는 ETP서비스나 E-Mail 등의 서비스는 Delay나 Loss 성능보다는 Throughput성능에 대한 요구가 높은 편이기 때문에 앞의 두 성능악화의 반대급부로서 Throughput성능을 보장받곤 한다. 반면에, 대부분 UDP protocol을 사용하는 real-time streaming 어플리케이션, 예를 들면, IP telephony, Video conferencing, 혹은 network games등의 어플리케이션은 여타의 것들에 비하여 Throughput 보다는 delay나 loss에 대한 성능을 상대적으로 높게 요구한다. 하지만 현재의 AQM들은 best-effort 서비스에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 즉, throughput 성능을 위하여 delay나 loss성능을 희생하고 있기 때문에 다양한 어플리케이션에 적합한 서비스를 제공하기 힘들다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 각 어플리케이션이 필요로 하는 QoS 성능을 고려하여 어플리케이션들을 세 가지 클래스로 분류한 뒤 적합한 QoS 요구조건을 고려한 새로운 AQM 알고리즘을 제안한 뒤, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 다른 AQM 알고리즘과 비교 분석하고 그에 대한 결론을 도출한다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.467-479
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• 2009

The high-tech computer technology developments have greatly affected the area of design education. Starting from the mid 80s, innovations in visual presentation methods have heightened with 2D computer graphic programs, CAD & 3D modeling, and Rapid Prototype that allows dimensional generation. The specialty and quality in design studio education have advanced due to the development in presentation methods such as Power Point and Keynote. But there are many problems with the current method of presenting the visual outcome in a data format using beam projectors, which is a vertical presenting method compared to the old studio study method of conducting discussions and reviews based on the substantial outcome. The essence of studio study that allows for comparisons and analysis by horizontally opening up the various work outcomes is being offset. Also the requirement for manual idea sketching work that plays an important role in the initial design phase continuing to decrease due to the digital working process dependence and cumbersome procedures in the presentation. In order to resolve this problem, the CALM system (Class Applied LCD Modular System) has been developed that replaces the method of attaching the sketches or renderings on the wall with a digital multi-display system. In a nutshell, individuals will upload the outcomes online and display them on the CALM system studio that is composed of 32 LCD (Columns: 4 $\times$ Rows: 8) monitors that are 19 inches in size so that various personnel can openly study the design outcomes. Also the central 42 inch PDP monitor that offers touch pad capability allows each design outcome to be described and examined by expanding. The concept phase of this development process has elevated to the production of an operating prototype that is being reviewed of its practicality. It is considered that the development of this system will decrease the extreme tendency of depending on digital operation but achieve revitalization of a more realistic and opened studio study environment compared to the individual consulting method of the old study approach.

• Korean journal of medical education
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether non-cognitive student attributes such as learning style and personality type affected academic performance in a flipped learning classroom of a pre-dental undergraduate science course. Methods: 'Biodiversity and Global Environment,' a 15-week, 3-credit course, was designed as a flipped class in Seoul National University School of Dentistry in 2017. Second-year pre-dental students were required to enroll in the course and to engage in online learning and in-class discussion. The Kolb's Learning Style Inventory and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator were conducted to measure non-cognitive student factors. Independent samples t-test and multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between self-rated measurements and academic achievement. Results: More than half of the students enrolled in the flipped science course had an assimilator learning style (50%), followed by convergers (24%), accommodators (16%), and divergers (10%), and their personality types were dominated by the introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging types, respectively. Examining group differences using the t-test demonstrated a significant relationship between the diverger group and higher academic success. In particular, the multivariate regression analysis indicated that both thinking types and female students performed better in discussion than feeling types and male students. Conclusion: To operate the flipped learning classroom more effectively in medical and dental education, the instructor should carefully develop and apply a more tailored facilitation and relevant assessment by considering student learning styles and personality types.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.227-242
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• 2001

It is noted that although the current state of development of web-based English education (hereafter referred to as WBEE) might not meet the criteria some educators have set for themselves in the field, students certainly seem to prefer studying in a web-based and computer-assisted learning environment. This kind of demand is fueling the drive to develop more suitable variations of WBEE. In order for WBEE to work out, a teacher should be a multifunctional type of instructor handling responsibilities such as the role of scriptwriter to create text, act as technician for the sound mixing and recording, preside over online chat rooms and discussion boards, and finally, as webmaster to maintain the site and supervise all academic/ clerical work related to the course. Therefore, it is suggested that WBEE be accompanied by a small personnel to divide the labor and lessen the burden on the actual teacher. Finally, it is noted that the traditional relationship between students and teacher may no longer be sustainable since WBEE does not provide the face-to-face style of class discussion and office hours in its current form. Until the technology is fully developed to compensate for these kinds of differences, it is an immediate challenge to provide other more compelling reasons for students to participate in WBEE.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.97-121
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• 2011

This study aims to examine how motivational constructs are interrelated with social, context-specific factors and, as a result, contribute to L2 writing achievement within the framework of self-determination theory. The data consisted of 67 Korean college students' questionnaire responses, final scores in an on-offline blended writing course, and qualitative interviews with 5 students. In the descriptive and the correlation analyses, the participants' extrinsic motivation was found higher than intrinsic motivation, with low amotivation. Among social factors, immersion environment, foreign instructor, and peer comparison marked high scores, whereas Korean instructor and online material gained low scores. Those contextual factors were interrelated with each other, such that the immersion factor correlated significantly with Korean instructor and peer comparison. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivational subscales engendered strong correlations with the high-scored social factors, i.e., immersion, foreign instructor, and peer comparison, which were also closely interrelated with L2 writing achievement. The findings illuminate intricate workings of motivation in its effects on L2 achievement and corroborate the roles of contextual factors. The effect of motivational subscales on achievement may be valid through interplay with some social factors. The dynamics of motivation is discussed for pedagogical applications.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.3-15
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• 2019

This study analyzed the evaluations of instructors and experts on flipped learning-based engineering in order to suggest improvement strategies. This study was conducted with 8 engineering courses which participated in the flipped learning course development project of C university from 2017-2018. As a result of the analysis, the instructors and experts pointed out that the pre-learning was not performed and checked effectively. In this regard, the instructors suggested the students' burden of pre-learning, the lack of understanding about flipped learning, and the experts suggested the lack of instructional strategies to facilitate pre-learning. In addition, the instructors and the experts pointed out that the courses were still instructor-centered. The instructors evaluated that they operated the instructor-led course by themselves. In addition, the experts suggested that there was not enough instructional strategies to activate the learner-centered activities. The number of the students and the lecture room environment that were not appropriate for the learner- centered class were the evaluation opinions of both the instructors and the experts. In addition, the professor suggested the lack of understanding and preparation of the flipped learning of the instructors and the learner as the main opinion, and the experts pointed out that the online learning system and classroom was not linked for pre-learning, classroom learning, and the post-learning. Based on these results, suggestions for improvement of flip learning based engineering course were suggested.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2020

교통수단의 발달과 애완동물 시장의 확장은 외래생물의 국가 간 이동을 증가시키는 주요한 원인이 되고 있다. 게다가 최근 인터넷을 통한 판매는 애완동물 거래를 활성화하는 요인이 된다. 국내의 경우, 외래생물의 수입은 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 반면 수입된 외래생물들이 어떻게 그리고 얼마나 거래되고 있는지는 명확하지 않다. 일반적으로 야생에서 발견되는 외래생물 대부분이 방생의 결과라는 점을 고려하면, 애완동물의 거래 현황을 파악하는 것은 야생으로 유입될 수 있는 잠재적인 외래생물을 파악하는 것과 동일하다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 2019년 1월 22일에서 2월 10일까지 총 25개 온라인 펫샵을 대상으로 판매되고 있는 외래 양서파충류의 종수, 빈도, 가격 등을 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 총 677종의 외래 양서파충류가 판매되고 있었으며, 그 중 뱀류이나 도마뱀류를 포함한 유린목(Squamata)이 전체 65.4%(443종)로 가장 많았다. 2019년도 온라인 펫샵에서 판매하는 외래 양서파충류 수는 과거 2015년 공식적으로 수입된 325종 보다 약 2.1배 많았다. 가장 많은 매장에서 판매하는 양서류는 Litoria caerulea(화이트청개구리)(21개 펫샵)였으며, 파충류는 Correlophus ciliatus(크리스디드도마뱀붙)(24개)였다. 외래 양서파충류의 가격은 최저 3천원이었으며, 최고가로 판매되는 종은 유린목의 Rhacodactylus leachianus(리취자이언트도마뱀붙이)의 1억원이었다. 온라인 펫샵에서 판매되고 있는 외래 양서파충류 중 야생에서 발견된 종은 총 11종으로 확인되었으며, 비교적 낮은 가격에 판매되고 있었다. 멸종위기야생생물 II급이자 천연기념물 제453호인 남생이와 생태계교란야생생물인 황소개구리(백색증, albino)가 온라인 펫샵에서 판매되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 온라인 펫샵에서 판매되고 있는 외래 양서파충류 677종 중 21.6%가 CITES으로 지정된 종이었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 국내로 수입되어 판매되고 있는 외래 양서파충류의 현황을 파악할 수 있었으며, 이는 야생으로 유입될 가능성이 있는 잠재적인 외래 양서파충류를 평가하고 예측하는 데 중요한 근거가 될 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2019

본 논문은 몽골대학에서 구글크레스룸(GC)을 온라인 환경으로 이용하고 각 교수님들이 자기 수업에서 GC을 적용한 만족도를 조사하여 몽골대학에서 GC의 효율성을 확인하는데 목적을 두었다. 몽골 D 대학교 14 명의 교수님들이 4주 동안 GC을 활용한 강의 모델을 설계하고 수업을 진행했다. GC은 시간과 공간의 제약을 극복할 수 있기 때문에 직접 대면 학습보다 효율적인 새로운 학습 기회를 제공했다. GC의 효율성을 살펴보기 위해 수업에 참여한 교수님들로부터 설문 조사를 받은 결과는 다음과 같습니다. 협동성 100%(7 명 매우 좋음, 7 명 좋음), 능력별 학습100%(10 명 매우 좋음, 4명 좋음), 수업 용이성 100% (11명 매우 좋음, 3 명 좋음), 적합성 100%(8명 매우 좋음, 6명 좋음), 피드백 용이성100% (7명 매우 좋음, 7명 좋음), 연결 용이성 100%(7명 매우 좋음, 7명 좋음), 빠른 속도성 100%(7명 매우 좋음, 7명 좋음), 학습 효율성 100% (9명 매우 좋음, 5명 좋음), 종이 없는 학습성 100%(8명 매우 좋음, 6명 좋음). 이 수업에 참여한 교수님들은 이와 같은 GC이용에 대한 긍정적인 반응을 보였기에 몽골대학에서 GC의 적용은 적합하고 효율적인 학습을 할 수 있다는 것을 입증 하였다. GC 활용은 전통적인 학습을 깨고, 특히 몽골 교수와 학생들을 위한 새로운 길을 열어줌으로써 교육 기관의 온라인 학습을 강화하고 개선하는 데 더 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이라고 기대된다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.303-324
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• 2020

본 연구는 큐레이터와 사서교사의 직무를 상호 비교·분석하여 학교도서관에서 제공하는 북큐레이션 서비스의 내용과 영역을 설정한 후, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Progress) 방법을 통해 사서교사가 중요하게 인식하는 북큐레이션 서비스의 우선순위를 밝히는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 북큐레이션 서비스 영역을 계층별로 나누고, 학교도서관 전담인력인 사서교사들을 대상으로 AHP 방법을 적용하여 학교도서관 북큐레이션 서비스 영역의 우선순위를 분석하였다. 분석결과 상위계층의 우선순위는 정보서비스, 전문성 신장, 정보 자원, 경영, 홍보 및 마케팅 순으로 나타났고, 하위계층의 우선순위는 조사 및 연구, 질의응답, 자기계발, 전시, 예산편성, 전문가 연계, 트렌드 분석, 독서교육, 인적자원, 기획, 협력수업, 마케팅 서비스, 소장, 온라인 홍보, 오프라인 홍보, 시설 및 환경 순으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 학교도서관 북큐레이션 서비스를 효과적으로 제공하기 위한 방안으로 학교도서관 이용자의 특성 파악, 북큐레이션을 위한 분류기준의 설정, 독자 참여형 북큐레이션 서비스 모색의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2023

Background: Artificial sweeteners are chemically synthesized substances used to add sweetness to foods. Representative substances include aspartame and acesulfame-K, which are 200 times sweeter than sugar. Recently, the IARC classified aspartame as class 2B, but Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of South Korea announced that it would maintain the current usage standards. Acesulfame-K, which has the potential to cause cancer, was excluded from the list of possible carcinogens, raising questions about its safety. According to a survey by the Consumers Union of Korea, 85% of makgeolli includes artificial sweeteners, but the content labelling is not indicated. It is necessary to accurately determine the intake of artificial sweeteners through makgeolli. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the safety of makgeolli consumption by identifying the content of artificial sweeteners (aspartame, acesulfam-K) and preservatives (sorbic acid). Methods: Twenty makgeolli samples were purchased from large supermarkets and convenience stores by referring to the sales ranking of makgeolli products distributed in South Korea and the purchase ranking from online sites. The sample was sonicated to remove alcohol and carbon dioxide. Nine mL of acetonitrile was mixed with 1 mL of the prepared sample, centrifuged, and the supernatant was filtered and analyzed using HPLC. Results: As a result of the analysis, aspartame was detected in 17 products and acesulfame-K was detected in ten. The ADI of aspartame (40 mg/kg·bw/day) is higher than the EDI based on the maximum concentration 126.5 ㎍/mL. The ADI of acesulfame-K (15 mg/kg·bw/day) is higher than the EDI based on the highest concentration of 82.96 ㎍/mL. Although the health risk is low, IARC has raised the possibility of aspartame causing carcinogenesis, so there is a need to reevaluate the standards and regulations for artificial sweeteners. Conclusions: Through this study, we aimed to determine the content of aspartame and acesulfame-K contained in makgeolli currently distributed in South Korea and the safety of exposure to the human body when consumed.