• 한국사회복지학
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.237-264
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• 2006

최근 장애 정의에 있어 환경적인 요인이 중요한 비중을 차지하게 됨에 따라 새로운 패러다임에 근거 한 사회통합 논의의 필요성이 대두하게 되었다. 한편 장애문제를 비장애인과 마찬가지로 장애의 경험에 국한되지 않고 총체적인 삶의 경험에 초점을 맞추어야 한다는 생애주기별 접근의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 생애주기별로 자립생활 패러다임에 따른 사회통합 수준을 측정하고 영향요인에 대해 분석함으로써 질적 측면에서 정책적, 실천적 함의를 제공하는 데 있다. 자립생활 패러다임에 따른 사회통합의 하위차원은 일상생활 자율성, 물리적 접근성, 사회적 지지의 적절성, 경제적 안정정도, 선택권, 심리적 임파워먼트의 6개 차원으로 구분하였다. 조사대상자는 서울과 경기지역에 거주하는 지체 및 뇌병변장애인 591명이며, 전화설문조사방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과 생애주기별로 사회통합의 하위차원에 따라 다른 특성을 보였고 사회통합의 각 차원별로 영향을 미치는 요인이 상이하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 얻을 수 있는 중요한 함의는 사회통합의 증진을 위한 장애정책의 방향은 생애주기별로 차별화 되어야 하며 장애인의 일상 활동이나 접근성의 향상뿐만 아니라 선택권이나 심리적 임파워먼트의 증진을 위한 노력이 병행될 필요가 있다는 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.343-354
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• 2012

본연구의 목적은 체육영재로 선발되어 훈련 프로그램을 적용받은 초등학교 어린이들의 주의집중력 변화를 일반 어린이들과 비교하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 실험군은 2010년 4월부터 부산대학교 체육영재선터에서 선발되어 훈련중인 59명(남:32, 여;27)이고, 통제군으로는 부산시 해운대구와 금정구, 진구에 위치한 3개 초등학교에서 148명이 참여하였는데, 이들 중 현재 운동선수로 활동하고 있거나 과학 분야에 영재로 선발되어 영재교육원에서 별도로 사사교육을 받고 있는 학생들은 제외하고 최종 80명의 자료를 활용하였다. 집중력 측정은 H. Moosbrugger & J. Oehlschagel이 제작하고, 오현숙[22]에 의해 한국판으로 표준화한 FAIR 주의집중력 검사지를 사용하였다. SAS 9.1 버전을 이용하여 공변량분석에 의해 다음과 같은 결과를 도출 하였다. 첫째, 체육영재집단과 일반학생집단 모두 FAIR 주의집중력 3개 하위요인에서 8개월 후에 통계적으로 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 체육영재 집단과 일반학생 집단간 사후 측정값의 변화에서는 주의집중력 모든 하위영역에서 유의할 만한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 특히 사후 측정값을 활용한 일원변량분석에서도 집단별로 차이가 없는 것으로 제시되었다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2011

교통부문의 탄소배출량을 감소하기 위하여 지난 몇 년간 정부는 선진국과 함께 자전거 이용 활성화를 위한 다양한 정책을 펼쳐왔다. 그러나 주변 환경에 대한 분석은 실시되지 않은 채 물리적인 조건만을 고려한 자전거도로의 설치는 미비한 자전거 이용률의 증가뿐만 아니라 무리한 자전거전용도로의 확장으로 자동차 운전자와의 마찰을 발생시켰다. 또한 자전거 이용자의 안전성 또한 보장하고 있지 않아 관련 교통사고는 급격히 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이를 개선하고자 주변 토지이용 및 자전거 운전자를 고려하여 해당 지역에 적절한 자전거도로가 설치될 수 있도록 하는 대안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 토지용도(주거/상업/공업 지역)에 따라 다르게 나타나는 요소를 일원배치 분산분석을 통하여 도출하였으며, 군집분석으로 그 특성을 그룹화하고 각 유형의 특성에 적합한 자전거도로의 형태를 가로와 교차로로 구분하여 제안하였다. 분석결과, 토지용도의 특성은 어린이/노인 비율 및 화물차종구성비에 따라 구분되었으며, 이들 특성에 의하여 주거지역은 편의성과 안전성이 동시에 고려된 자전거도로를, 상업지역은 편의성을, 공업지역은 무엇보다 안전성을 고려한 자전거도로의 형태를 제시하였다. 이는 향후 자전거도로의 안전성을 높이고 효율적인 자전거 이용 환경을 구축할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.248-258
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• 2003

This study was conducted to identify dietitians' position and role by assessing the present condition on management of human resources in contracted foodservice management company. Questionnaires were distributed to 79 contracted companies (eight large-size, 48 mid-size, 23 small-size companies) from March to May in 2002. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSSwin (version 8.0). The data were analyzed in group comparisons using frequencies and percentage for every item in the questionnaires, $x^2$-test, and oneway ANOVA. About eighty-five percent of contracted foodservice companies employed the new dietitians as full time employees, and seventy-five percent of them were promoted the dietitians by evaluation after a given period of time. As a starting payment for university graduates, large-size companies payed an average of 16,260,000 won/year, which was significantly higher (p<0.01) than those of mid-sized (11,320,000 won/year) and small-sized companies (11,620,000 won/year). The mean lengths of dietitians' service were 33.5 months in large-size companies, 26.5 months in mid-sized companies, 26.0 months in small-sized companies. It was less than 3 years in all companies (avg. 26.9 months). Fifty-four companies (68.4%) employed dietitians in each foodservice contract, whereas 25 companies didn't employ dietitians. The ratios of dietitians out of employees in each department of the companies were 42.6% in the department of contracted foodservice management, 19.9% in the department of menu development, 18.1% in the department of food safety, 8.7% in the department of distribution and purchase, 4.2% in the department of business, and 3.9% in the department of customer satisfaction. The dietitians' positions were directors in two companies (2.5%), general managers in two companies (2.5%), deputy managers in seven companies (8.9%), managers in twenty-nine companies (36.7%), assistant managers/chief clerks in twenty-four companies (30.4%), and chiefs in twenty-five companies (31.6%). The frequencies of training for dietitians were 6.2 times/year for the food safety training, 5.8 times/year for the cooking training, 4.8 times/year for nutrition-related training, and 4.7 times/year for service training.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.701-713
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of the Nd:YAG lased root surface followed by root planing and/or tetracyline-HCI(T.C.-HCI) conditioning. $30,4mm{\times}4mm$ root segments were obtained from unerupted third molars and 21, periodontally involved root segments. The treatment groups were as follows : (1) healthy root cementum surface groups : 1) control(non-treated group), 2) lased only, 3) lased/root planed, and 4) lased/T.C.-HCI. (2) diseased root cementum surface groups : 1) control(root planed only), 2) lased/root planed, and 3) lased/root planed/T.C.-HCI. The specimens were treated with a Nd:YAG laser using a $320{\mu}m$ noncontact optic fiber handpiece with an energy setting of 1.5W($114.6J/cm^2$), 2.0W($152.9J/cm^2$), 5.0W($382J/cm^2$) for one minute. The fiber was held perpendicular to the petri dish(NUNC) 2cm apart in an attempt to expose the entire root segments equally. Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured from explants of normal interdental gingival tissue obtained during third morlar extraction. The attachment assay was performed with third-generation fibroblasts. The numbers of gingival fibroblasts attached to the root surface were counted on each specimen under the light microscope, and were statistically analyzed by the oneway ANOVA followed by Tukey's test in SPSS/PC+programs. The results were as follows : 1) In healthy root cementum surfaces, lased/root planed groups exhibited a significantly increased fibroblast attachment compared to controls, lased only, and lased/T.C.-HCI groups(p<0.05), 2) In diseased root cementum surfaces, laser treatment followed by root planing and/or T.C.HCl groups exhibited a increased tendency of fibroblast attachment compared to root planed only group. The results suggest that laser treatment followed by root planing and/or T.C.-HCl would appear necessary so as to render the root surface biocompatible.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2005

Objectives:Hwa-byung has been studied clinically for several years and introduced as Korean Culture- Bound Syndrome. However, the definition and the diagnostic method are not yet clarified, and there has not been any sufficient comparative study on this disease entity. This study was conducted to determine the clinical symptoms and the profile of the neurocognitive functions in Hwa-byung(HB) and Major Depressive Disorder(MDD), and We wish to identify any critical factors that differentiate the disorders. Methods:A total of 102 participants were examined, including 34 participants with MDD, 34 with HB, and 34 healthy controls. The MDD and HB patients were recruited from among inpatients and outpatients at the National Medical Center for the period from May to December of 2004. As a major diagnostic tool of MDD, diagnostic reference of DSM-IV-TR was used and as HB's diagnostic tool, We used computerized neurocognitive function test. Psychiatric symptomatology was evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), and Symptom Checkist-90-Revision(SCL-90-R). Oneway ANOVA, Scheffe post-hoc test and Chi-Squre Tests were used for statistical analysis. Results:The participants in three groups did not differ in terms of age, sex, and education. Assessment of BDI indicated that the MDD group had significantly higher total score than the HB group. MDD and HB groups showed significantly higher total scores on the SCL-90-R in comparison to the controls. The MDD group was found to have significantly more symptoms of depression than the HB group, based on the depression subscale of the SCL-90-R. The computerized neurocognitive function test suggest several results 1) Within the memory domain, it was found that one of the two memory tests in MDD and HB groups were significantly impaired in comparison to the control group. 2) Within the attention domain, it was found that only the MDD group was significantly impaired in comparison to the control group. 3) Within the higher cortical function domain, it was found that significant impairment exist in MDD group and HB group compared to the control group; the severity of impairment was found to be more profound in the MDD group than in the HB group. Conclusion:These results suggest that both HB group and MDD group have significantly decreased neurocognitive function than the control group, and neurocognitive function of the HB group is better than that of the MDD group.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2015

Objectives: Find out how it affects anxiety situations and self-esteem targeting the critical period of development of self-esteem in the lower grades in elementary school based on laughter therapy in having a positive influence on physical health promotion and positive emotional cultivation. And to verify the effects of laughter activity was to provide preliminary data on mental health education and guidance of school life. Methods: By targeting Ulsan Y elementary school, second grade 7 class, 191 students conducted test self-esteem and anxiety. Homogeneous group of experimental and control groups were selected in each one class. Classified as experimental group carried out laughter activity programs and control group did not carried out. Also the separation of the application program before and after, then it were performed preliminary-post-further as same checklist. Program coverage period is 12 weeks and 30 minutes per session was conducted twice a week. Differences between the experimental group and the comparison group has conducted the independent samples t-test, and if the difference between the experimental group and the comparison group were verified by performing a variance analysis(Oneway ANOVA) and post multiple comparisons. Results: Analysis of the experimental group decreased anxiety in the post-test than the pre-test as a whole, in particular, sub-areas of concern, shame and shyness was shown to be effective, and decision of the difficulty was not significant by insignificant reduction. In addition, self-esteem was increased in overall score. The score of collective self-esteem and School life self-esteem were more increased, and domestic self-esteem was not significant by slight increases. In contrast, the comparison group showed no significant difference in all areas of anxiety and self-esteem of pre-test and post-test. Conclusions: In experiments on self-esteem and anxiety of lower grade in elementary school through laughter activity program, comparison group it did not show an effect by accident, and experimental group showed meaningful effects that self-esteem was increased and anxiety was reduced. Thus, laughter activity can be seen that improving self-esteem, anxiety reduction and etc, is very beneficial to mental health.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.980-991
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examnin the effect of slow stroke back massage(SSBM) on anxiety and immune response in patients undergoing open heart surgery and to compare the effect of 5-minutes with 10-minutes SSBM. Among the sixty-four patient subjects, twenty-one were one experimental group receiving massage for 10-minutes, twenty for the other experimental group receiving massage for 5-minutes and twenty-three for the control group. Subjects were admitted at Hospitals in Inchon and Puchon for open heart surgery. This study was carried out from October 10, 1997 to May 10, 1998. The levels of anxiety were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Trait anxiety scale, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, blood cortisol and the levels of immune response were measured by the blood T-lymphocyte and Natural killer cell. Study measurements were taken before and after SSBM on the 1st post operative day. Data were analyzed using x$^2$ test, oneway ANOVA, paired t-test, t-test and Pearson product moment correlation. The results were summarized as follows : 1. After SSBM, VAS anxiety level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those measurements before the SSBM. After SSBM, significant difference in the VAS anxiety level, systolic blood pressure and pulse rate between the experimental and control groups were found. 2. After SSBM, the blood cortisol of the experimental and control groups were increased significantly compared with before SSBM. But the significant difference in blood cortisol between the two groups was not found. 3. After SSBM, the blood T-lymphocyte percentages of the experimental and control groups were decreased signigicantly and blood Natural killer cell percentages of the two groups were increased compared with before SSBM. But significant difference in blood T-lymphocyte and Natural killer cell percentages between the two groups was not found. 4. Significant difference in VAS anxiety level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, blood cortisol, blood T-lymphocyte and Natural killer cell percentages between SSBM for 5 minutes and SSBM for 10 minutes were not found. Based upon the results, this study concludes that the slow stroke back massage for 5 minutes is a useful intervention that decreases anxiety and produces relaxation in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.165-176
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to contribute to family nursing in the areas of reducing stress and improving coping for parents of mentally retarded children. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires during a period of 2 months between November 1994 and January 1995 in the Kyoung-in area. The subjects consist of 176 parents (88 mothers and 88 fathers) of mentally retarded children attending schools for the handicapped. The levels of general stress and of parental role stress were measured with the General stress scale and the Parental role stress scale, respectively. The coping scale developed by Folkman ＆ LaZarus was adopted to measure the level of coping, and the patterns of adaptation scale developed by Damrosch ＆ Perry was adopted to measure the patterns of adaptation. The data were analyzed by a SAS program using Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and oneway ANOVA. The results are as follows ; 1. The level of general stress was significantly higher in mothers than in fathers. Mothers experienced a significantly greater level of parental role stress than fathers did. No significant difference in the level of coping was observed between mothers and fathers. There were differences in maternal and paternal patterns of adaptation. 2. The adaptation pattern of fathers was different according to their level of general stress, parental role stress and coping. The adaptation pattern of mothers was not different according to their level of general stress and parental role stress, but was according to their level of coping. 3. General stress experienced by fathers was different according to education, health status and support from their spouses. Satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with spouse and the support from spouse influenced coping used by fathers. Their level of parental role stress was not associated with any of their general characteristics. 4. In mothers, the level of general stress was different according to their health status, the level of parental role stress was related to satisfaction with family life and satisfaction with spouse. Their level of coping was associated with the sup port from spouse. The above findings indicate that mothers did not have more coping strategies than fathers did, despite the results which showed that mothers experienced greater stress than fathers did. Especially, the adaptation pattern of mothers was different according to their level of coping. Hence, nursing interventions directed at managing stress and improving coping should be used with mothers who use adaptation pattern 1. In particular, fathers should actively participate in parenting, and support their spouses.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.207-224
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to identify nurse's recognition and performance and to represent the factors of hindrance in the IV therapy management. The subjects were 420 nurses who worked at five general hospitals in Pusan. Tha data were collected using a questionnaire and the period of data collection was from January 1 to January 31, 1998. The instrument for this study was made by author oneself on the basis of guidelines Simmons et al', CDC' Stanley' and Kurdi' guideline, Cllinical Nurse's Association' that consist of 68 items for 5 fields ; pre-injection, just before-injection, needle-injection, during injection, post-injection field. Cron-bach Alpha coefficient of recognition and performance in the IV therapy management was .93 and .87. The datas were analized by a SPSS program using frequency, percent, paired t-test, t-test and oneway ANOVA. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The mean score of recognition in IV therapy management was significantly higher than that of performance(t=5.86, P<.001). 2. The items of lower than mean score of each fields in performance were the identification of drugs, hands washing, patient teaching about medication, disinfectional methods of the injection site and the rubber stopper in bottle, the use of disposable gloves, mask and eye goggles at the chemotherapy preparation, use of tape and armboard, changing the IV tubing, labeling the dressing over the injection site, observation and recordings of patient's condition after medication and confirmation of the needle length at the needle removal. 3. The factors of hindrance in IV therapy were 'having no time', 'insufficiency of goods', 'unknowing of methods', 'no disadvantage', and 'factors of doctor's doing'. The most important factor was 'have no time', especially item of hands washing. The other factors of hindrance showed high frequency in the following items ; 'insufficiency of goods' in the use of disposable gloves, mask and eye goggles at the chemotherapy preparation, 'unknowing of methods' in the certification of drugs compatibility, 'no disadvantage' in the labeling the dressing over the injection site, and 'factors of doctor's doing' in the changing the subclavian catheter dressing and checking the glucose level during the TPN infusion. In conclusion, there is necessity of educational program which can improve the nurse's knowledge of drugs, disinfection methods, comfort of patient and recordings in IV therapy management and alternative plan which are political and financial aids such as setting up the sink, giving of paper towels and necessary goods in the IV therapy for reducing the factors of hindrance for IV therapy management.