• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.5C
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• pp.454-464
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• 2002

In the ATM-PON (Asynchronous Transfer Mode-Passive Optical Network), the downstream cell transmitted by an OLT is broadcast to all ONUs. The ONU receives selectively its own cells by VP filtering. On the other hand, the upstream cell can be transmitted by ONU in the case of receiving a grant from the OLT. After providing the grant to an ONU, the OLT expects the arrival of a cell after an elapse of the equalized round trip delay. ITU-T G.983.1 recommends that one bit error is allowed between the expected arrival time and the actual arrival time at the OLT. Because the ONU processes the different delay to each type of grant (ranging, user cell, and mimi-slot grant), it is not simple to design the transmission part of ONU. In this paper, we implement a grant processor which provides the delay accurately in the ONU TC chip with the FPGA. For the given equalized delay, it deals with the delay for the cell, the byte, and the bit unit by using the shift register, the byte counter, and the D flip-flop, respectively. We verify the operation of the grant processor by the time simulation and the measurement of the optical board output.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.247-258
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• 2017

Since 2016 when the regulations related to vehicle structure and device modification were drastically revised, the car tuning market has been growing rapidly. Particularly, many drivers are showing interest in changing the interior and exterior according to their preference, or improving the specifications of their cars by changing the engine and powertrain, among others. Also, as the initial engine settings such as horse power and torque of the vehicle are made for stable driving of the vehicle, it is possible to change the engine performance, via Engine Control Unit (ECU) mapping, to the driver's preference. However, traditionally, ECU mapping could be only performed by professional car engineers and the settings were also decided by them. Therefore, this study proposed a system that collects data related to the driver's driving habits for a certain period and sends them to a cloud server in order to analyze them and recommend ECU mapping values. The traditional mapping method only aimed to improve the car's performance and, therefore, if the changes were not compatible with the driver's driving habits, could cause problems such as incomplete combustion or low fuel efficiency. However, the proposed system allows drivers to set legally permitted ECU mapping based on analysis of their driving habits, and, therefore, different drivers can set it differently according to the vehicle specifications and driving habits. As a result, the system can optimize the car performance by improving output, fuel efficiency, etc. within the range that is legally permitted.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to determine the teat locations and to develop a teat cup handling system operated by a robot. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The teat cup attaching and detaching operation system developed in this study consists of a control computer, a five-dimensional robot(PERFORMER-MK2), a DC servo gripper, a robot controller, two CCD-cameras (WV-vp410), an image grabber board(DT3153), a model cow, and a teat cup unit. 2. The coordinates of teat locations were measured by a stereo image processing unit. The error ranges of teats coordinates measured were (x, y, z) = (0.83, 1.95, 0.81) mm. When those were transferred into the Robot Coordinate System(RCS) coordinate, the total error ranges measured were x = 0.9 mm, y = 2.0 mm, z = 0.9 mm. 3. The rates of success of teat cup attaching and detaching operation by a robot system were 91.5% on average; the operation time needed were 27.8 sec. Total working hours for the teat cup handling including image processing were 86.1 sec.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2019

A small millimeter-wave tracking radar is a pulse-based radar that searches, detects, and tracks a target in real time through a TWS (Track While Scan) method for a traps target on the sea with a large RCS running at low speed. It is necessary to develop a board equipped with a high-speed CPU to acquire and track target information through LPRF, DBS, and HRR signal processing techniques for a trap target operating various kinds of dexterous objects such as chaff and decoy, We designed a signal processor structure including DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) module design that can perform real - time FFT operation using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and verified the signal processor implemented through performance test.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.297-311
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• 2012

Since 1997, Korean Ministry of Knowledge Economy and Ministry of Environment have established data on some 400 basic raw and subsidiary materials and process like energy, petro-chemical, steel, cement, glass, paper, construction materials, transportation, recycling and disposal etc by initiating establishment of LCI database. Regarding agriculture, Rural Development Administration has conducted establishment of LCI database for major farm products like rice, barley, beans, cabbage and radish etc from 2009, and released that they would establish LCI database for 50 items until 2020 later on. The domestic LCI database for seeds, seedling, agrochemical, inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc is only at initial stage of establishment, so overseas LCI databases are brought and being used. However, since the domestic and overseas natural environments differ, they fall behind in reliability. Therefore, this study has the purpose to select organic farming materials, survey the production process for various types of organic farming materials and establish LCI database for the effects of greenhouse gas emitted during the process in order to select carbon basic units for agricultural production system compliant in domestic situation instead of relying on overseas data and apply life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emitted by each crop during the process. As for selecting methods, in this study organic farming materials were selected in the method of direct observation of material and bottom-up method a survey method with focus on the organic farming materials admitted into rice production. For the basic unit of carbon emission amount by the production of 1kg of organic farming material, the software PASS 4.1.1 developed by Korea Accreditation Board under Ministry of Knowledge Economy was used. The study had the goal to ultimately provide basic unit to calculate carbon emission amount in executing many institutions like goal management system and carbon performance display system etc in agricultural sector to be conducted later on. As a result, emission basic units per 1kg of production were calculated to be 0.0088kg-$CO_2$ for charcoal, 0.1319kg-$CO_2$ for grass liquid, and 0.2804kg-$CO_2$ for microbial agent.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.699-707
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• 2016

This paper proposes a low-complexity central processing unit (CPU) that is suitable for deeply embedded systems, including Internet of things (IoT) applications. The core features a 16-bit instruction set architecture (ISA) that leads to high code density, as well as a multicycle architecture with a counter-based control unit and adder sharing that lead to a small hardware area. A co-processor, instruction cache, AMBA bus, internal SRAM, external memory, on-chip debugger (OCD), and peripheral I/Os are placed around the core to make a system-on-a-chip (SoC) platform. This platform is based on a modified Harvard architecture to facilitate memory access by reducing the number of access clock cycles. The SoC platform and CPU were simulated and verified at the C and the assembly levels, and FPGA prototyping with integrated logic analysis was carried out. The CPU was synthesized at the ASIC front-end gate netlist level using a $0.18{\mu}m$ digital CMOS technology with 1.8V supply, resulting in a gate count of merely 7700 at a 50MHz clock speed. The SoC platform was embedded in an FPGA on a miniature board and applied to deeply embedded IoT applications.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Strong Critics of' Moral Hazard, due to plummeting severely their stock price down and damage falling on plain investor, has been skyrocketed against massively and simultaneously exercising stock option right of C-Level members in Stock market listed startups right after IPO regardless of proper and legal process followed. Korean Financial Supervisory Board initiate new act of extending to apply'Lock-up Rule'even to stock option of core interest group after IPO. However, it will cause startups and venture more difficulties to recruit top level of talented staffs. This paper aims to propose RSU(Restricted Stock Unit) as alternative to breakthrough the current deadlock issue with respect to stock option controversy many startups facing. This paper to meet goal, first, including Korean introducing status of RSU, it clarify the concept of RSU by comparing exploration with Restricted Stock and define characteristic of RSU by comparing Stock Option. Second, it bring more effective ways of startups introducing RSU in Korea overcoming its limitations and challenges. Third, it carry out FGI to legal expert deeply involved of introducing RSU in Korea at policy domain. FGI focus on defining core challenging factors and their level of huddles of introducing RSU in Korea with proposing breakthrough policies to landing RSU softly in Korea. Fourth, it suggest valid policies of introducing and stabilizing RSU in Korea completely. This paper expect some contributions Korean startups and venture on finding market friendly right breakthrough out of stock option dilemma currently in.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

This paper describes development of automatic flight control system for an unmanned target drone. Current target drone is operated by pilot control of on-board servo motor via remote control system. Automatic flight control system for the target drone greatly reduces work load of ground pilot and can increase application area of the drone. Most UAVs being operated nowdays use high-priced sensors as AHRS and IMU to measure the attitude, but those are costly. This paper introduces the development of low-cost automatic flight control system with low-cost sensors. The integrated automatic flight control system has been developed. The performance of automatic flight control system is verified by flight test.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.100-109
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the factors that predict a current smoking behavior and higher emotional stress among male patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: The study was approved by an institutional review board from a university hospital, 2010. A face to face interview using questionnaires was performed with 185 first-time ACS male patients who were undertaken a percutaneous coronary intervention at a cardiovascular care unit. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 15.0. Results: About 54% of the study subjects were currently smoking. The current smokers had dyslipidemia and reported bad eating habits compared to the non-smokers. The current smokers were younger, living alone, and reported lower perceived benefit on smoking cessation than the non-smokers, and 15% of them did not consider quitting (precontemplation stage). Smoking status was not significantly related to emotional stress. Logistic regression analysis revealed that being employed including professional or labor increased the odds of current smoking four or three times compared to the non-employed or retired. Low income or dyslipidemia also increased the likelihood of current smoking 2.8 and 2.1 times, respectively. Blue collar workers or heavy drinkers had 2.9 and 2.8 times more risks of having higher level of stress. Conclusion: An occupational background and health habits should be considered to develop an effective educational strategy for smoking cessation and stress reduction among male patients with ACS.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.6
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• pp.735-742
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• 2004

We present a new use of common graphics hardware to perform a faster artificial neural network. And we examine the use of GPU enhances the time performance of the image processing system using neural network, In the case of parallel computation of multiple input sets, the vector-matrix products become matrix-matrix multiplications. As a result, we can fully utilize the parallelism of GPU. Sigmoid operation and bias term addition are also implemented using pixel shader on GPU. Our preliminary result shows a performance enhancement of about thirty times faster using ATI RADEON 9800 XT board.