• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.7-19
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• 2008

This research aims to analyze rational decision behavior in different stages of purchasing for consumers buying household appliance goods and deals with differences in socio-demographic features and relevant variables among completely rational, intermediatedly rational, and irrational groups as well as variables differentiating those groups. First, one third of purchasers for Kimchi refrigerators was the rational consumer while a half of purchasers for side-by-side refrigerators and washing machines was. Second, there was no significant differences in satisfactions levels after purchase between rational and irrational groups among purchasers of side-by-side refrigerators but between completely and intermediately rational groups in the case of Kimchi refrigerators. Rational groups of consumers for Tromm washing machines rely on various places for purchase and also show the high level of intention for repurchase. Third, in studies of variables differentiating rationality in purchase behavioral patterns of consumers, rational choices turn out to prevail (1) among purchasers of married, college graduated, employers, and high income in the case of side-by-side refrigerators, (2) among buyers of male, old-aged, college graduated, non-employers, low, income, and hurrying to purchase in the case of Kimchi refrigerators, and (3) among buyers of old-aged, high income, not hurrying to purchase, and visiting numerous stores in the case of Tromm washing machines.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.227-237
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to find out midaged women's crisis and ways to overcome it. Another purpose is to improve their qualities of life and to provide basic data to develop their potentials. The results are as follows: First, it shows that socio-demographic characteristics have a significant influence on midaged women's crisis. Those variables include religion, jobs, family-life cycle, income, marriage duration, age, and supporting parents. Second, the variables significantly influencing the coping behavior with the crisis include age, income, religion, marriage patterns, region, marriage duration, family-life cycle, and supporting parents. Third, as a result of this research, their negative expression of action or emotion was higher as they were getting old. The general tendency was that an emotional crisis level was low when rational coping behaviors were high. Therefore, self-esteem or social activity improvement programs should be developed for midaged women.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.367-376
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the image evaluation and the preference of tailored jacket focused on the collar's figure according to the body type and the degree of satisfaction with their body of middle-aged women. For this study, twenty seven different types of tailored jacket were designed with some variation of their silhouette, the length and the collar's figure on three hundred and twenty three middle-aged women ranging from 35 to 50 years old. There was a significant difference in the image evaluation and the preference of tailored jacket according to the body type of middleaged women. The women of the type 1 evaluated that portrait lapel collar were the most fascinating, elegant and active, tender and they preferred that style. The women of the type 2 evaluated that breast lapel collar were the most fascinating, elegant and active, tender and they preferred that style. The women of the type 3 evaluated that breast lapel collar were the most fascinating, elegant and active, tender and they preferred that style. The women of the type 4 evaluated that waist lapel collar were the most fascinating, elegant and active, tender and they preferred that style. There was a meaningful difference in the image evaluation and the preference of tailored jacket according to the degree of satisfaction with their bodies. As satisfied with their face size, they thought breast/portrait lapel collar were more attractive, graceful and active, soft and they preferred that style. As satisfied with weight they regarded portrait lapel collar as more attrative, graceful and active, soft and they preferred that style. In this study we found that the middle-aged women evaluated the tailored jacket which was looking esthetic and fitting their body types, as the most attrative, elegant, active, and tender clothing and they prefered that kind of tailored jacket.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.498-507
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to survey health requirements of middle-aged women and their families and to provide guidelines for developing nursing interventions by describing the process of family health maintenance experienced by middle-aged women and its conceptual system. Methods: To get saturated data, each of four researchers conducted two or three times of in-depth interview with eight middle-aged women aged between 40-64 years old and living in Seoul and Chuncheon from the 10th to the 30th of October 2004 and each interview was continued one or two hours. The Grounded theory adopted by Strauss & Corbin (1998) is a substantive theory that can explain the experiencing process of middle-aged women. Results: We found that the casual condition of family health maintaining by middle-aged women was 'confidence of health belief', and 'pouring by body moving' was found to be its phenomenon. A textual condition that might respond to the phenomenon was 'fatal roles acceptance', and intervening conditions that promote their family health were 'retracing' and 'gathering health information'. These intervening conditions impacted middle-aged women's confidence in family health and led them to take actions/interactions such as 'being a model of health', 'adapting to circumstances', 'do-it-myself', 'taking-care' 'harmonious mind' and 'the pursuit of cleanness'. These actions/interactions produced results such as 'being stronger', 'being unmanageable' and 'being fruitful'. Conclusions: Health confidence and practical health behaviors were observed in the process that the middle-aged female participants experienced unmanageable circumstances but they accepted their roles and responsibilities and recognized that they must be get stronger. The behaviors of health-together-with were divided into enthusiastic type, adaptation type and self-sacrificing type. Therefore middle-aged woman with the understanding of family health maintaining process as well as the theoretical system and practical principals needs to implement the intervention in acceptable level of family health process of preventing psychological and physical problems.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 1999

This study attempt to analyze the influence of the preliminary education on the Elderly's attitude for death and to present basic data for the death-preliminary education. The data were collected by administerial the Questionnaire interview with 169 the elderly who was 200 the elderly over 60 year old in silver colleges. The Questions was consists the awareness recognition of death, character, attitudes toward for death. The statistical methods used for the analysis were t-test, factor analysis. The results were the follows. There was no statistically significant relations between the fear of death and the general characteristics the elderly, but the old women felt more anxiety than old men. Especially, more aged, unhealthy the elderly felt it more and the lower educated or the single felt it more severely. The change in the attitude for death: They attitude for death was considerably changed after the preliminary education. Fears and anxiety about death were more reduced and the inevitability of death was accepted positively. This result showed the influence of the preliminary death education had positive affliction of the elderly's attitude for death. Accordingly, with the practice of the preliminary education we can release the elderly from the fear for death and guide them to live meaningly.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.508-516
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of electric stimulation therapy on chronic knee pain, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life in Korean elderly women. Methods: The design was an unequivalent control pretest-posttest study. Samples were total of 60 (experimental: 30, control: 30) elderly women with healthy cognitive and communication abilities aged 65 years old and above. The experimental treatment involved was the electric stimulation of both thigh quadriceps muscles for 15 minutes per treatment, 3times per a week, for a total of 12 weeks. Measurements taken were S-F MPQ and AIMS for chronic knee pain, exercise self-efficacy measurement for exercise self-efficacy, and S-F 36 scale for quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12. Results: Chronic knee pain according to the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (t=43.563, p=.000) and Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (t=31.364, p=.000) were significantly decreased in the experimental group by the application of electrical stimulation therapy. Exercise self-efficacy (t=107.116, p=.000) and quality of life (t=76.429, p=.000) were significantly increased in the experimental group by the application of electrical stimulation therapy. Conclusion: Electrical stimulation therapy could be a more effective primary nursing intervention in decreasing chronic knee pain, and on increasing exercise self-efficacy and quality of life for Korean elderly women.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.233-247
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to propose a specialized clothes-sizing system for elderly (aged 60~79) obese women satisfying the following conditions based on the data from the fifth Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (2004): a Rohrer's index of over 1.6, a BMI of over 25, and a WHR of over 0.85. The lower bodies of elderly obese women tends to be shorter and wider than average. Particularly, their torsos from the chest to the waist tend to be more obese than other areas. According to the KS standards, the clothes-sizing system sets up its size intervals as follows: 5cm in stature, 5cm and 3cm in bust, 3cm in waist, and 3cm in hip. Based on the dualistic distribution of each section, the names of the sections indicating high distribution are suggested. For suit tops, 11 sizes are selected as distributed in the 145-155cm stature section and 91-103cm bust section. For casual tops, nine sizes are selected as distributed in the 145-155cm stature section and 90-105cm bust section. For bottoms, 11 sizes are selected as distributed in the 82-97cm waist section and 91-97cm hip section. According to the KS standards, detailed sizes are suggested in the division of basic and reference areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.5 s.114
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• pp.99-111
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• 2007

The purpose of this study were to identity face satisfaction and make-up behavior according to their lifestyles of middle aged women. The subjects were 350 women of 40 - 59 years old. The results of this study were as follow: 1. Lifestyle factors of middle aged women were self confidence, leisure activities, interests in appearance, economical efficiency, conservatism, and value-orientation. They were classified into four types of dignified & appearance interested group, passive stagnated group, unconfident & economic group, and value-oriented & leisure group according to their lifestyles. 2. They were satisfied with their eyes, lips, and eyebrows, but not satisfied with face tone, face shape, and skin texture. Total face satisfaction level was over average. The face satisfaction level of dignified & appearance interested group and value-oriented & leisure group were higher than other groups, but that of passive stagnated group was the lowest. 3. They pursued internal beauty and natural makeup, and did not follow trendy colors. Dignified & appearance interested group pursued characteristic, elegant, changeable, and various make-up colors, but value-oriented & leisure group pursued more various, changeable, and trendy colors. They did not prefer trendy products because of high price. Dignified & appearance interested group and unconfident & economic group were highly price-oriented, but value-oriented & leisure group purchased trendy products. 4. Dignified & appearance interested group included working women with not much income, but passive stagnated group included low-educated and non-working women. Unconfident & economic group included low-educated non-working women with not much income, but value-oriented & leisure group included highly-educated working women with high income.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.121-135
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the image evaluation and the preference of tailored jacket according to the body type and the degree of satisfaction with their body of middle-aged women. The subjects used for this study were three hundred and twenty three middle-aged women ranging from 35 to 50 years old. We measured their bodies and asked them report to the questionnaire. The results are as follows. 1) Middle-aged women were classified into four typical types of body. The type 1 was tall and thin and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter X. The type 2 was the tallest and the medium of fatness and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter H that the lower part of the body is short. The type 3 was the medium of height and width and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter A that the upper part of the body is short compared with their height. The type 4 were the shortest and the fattest and had a front view silhouette with the form of a letter Y that the lower and upper parts of the body is the longest. 2) Middle-aged women roughly tended not to be satisfied with part of their body. The results showed that a neck was the most satisfied body part and the weight was the least satisfied as well as overall leg shape among all 13 body parts. 3) The type 1 had the highest the degree of satisfaction on their face size, upper arm girth, waist, hip girth, weight and body shape, etc., excepting hip shape among 4 body types.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived health status and to find various factors affecting it of the aged. The sample size of this study were 206 cases. The subjects were over sixty-five years old persons in rural area. Data were collected with direct interview using the questionaires. The analysis of data was done by using SPSS package. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Perceived health status of the aged were measured by 5 point rating scale and whole mean value was 3.024.(For men, 3.302 and for women. 2.782) 2. Perceived health status. functional health status and number of diseases have significant correlations.(P<0.01) 3. The main factors affecting the perceived health status were age. sex and education level.